aceee 2012
DESCRIPTION
My Presentation to the ACEE2012 Hot Water Forum. I love the message of this group and the work they do.TRANSCRIPT
Eric Larson
Indirect Water End Use Sensing:Consumption, Disaggregation, and Feedback
UNIVERSITY ofWASHINGTON
2 years ago…
• single, screw-on sensor
• senses pressure in real time
hydrosense
Froehlich et al., UbiComp2009; Larson et al., PMC2010, Larson and Froehlich et al. Pervasive 2011
water tower
pressure regulator
water tower
utility water meter
pressure regulator
incoming cold water from supply line
water tower
pressure regulator
water tower
utility water meter
pressure regulator
incoming cold water from supply line
water tower
plumbing layout
water tower
incoming cold water from supply line
utility water meter
pressure regulator
water towerwater tower
thermal expansion
tank
hosespigot
utility water meter
pressure regulator
laundry
bathroom 1
hot water heater bathroom 2
dishwasher
incoming cold water from supply line
kitchen
water towerwater tower
hosespigot
utility water meter
pressure regulator
laundry
bathroom 1
hot water heater bathroom 2
dishwasher
incoming cold water from supply line
toilet flushed
toilet
kitchen
thermal expansion
tank
water towerwater tower
hosespigot
utility water meter
pressure regulator
laundry
bathroom 1
hot water heater bathroom 2
kitchen
dishwasher
incoming cold water from supply line
toilet
kitchen sink cold open
kitchen sink cold
thermal expansion
tank
water towerwater tower
hosespigot
utility water meter
pressure regulator
laundry
bathroom 1
hot water heater bathroom 2
kitchen
dishwasher
incoming cold water from supply line
toilet
kitchen sink hot open
kitchen sink cold
kitchen sink hot
thermal expansion
tank
water towerwater tower
hosespigot
utility water meter
pressure regulator
laundry
bathroom 1
hot water heater bathroom 2
kitchen
dishwasher
incoming cold water from supply line
kitchen sink hot open
thermal expansion
tank
water towerwater tower
hosespigot
utility water meter
pressure regulator
laundry
bathroom 1
hot water heater bathroom 2
kitchen
dishwasher
incoming cold water from supply line
Where are we now?
2 years ago…
•End Use: 10 homes, staged
•Water flow: 7 fixtures, max flow
•Not in real time: no feedback
natural
41
with
All ranges
water end use
water flowfeedbackinterfaces
architecture
water end use
water flowfeedbackinterfaces
architecture
water towerwater tower
thermal expansion
tank
hosespigot
utility water meter
pressure regulator
laundry
bathroom 1
hot water heater bathroom 2
dishwasher
incoming cold water from supply line
kitchen
40
50
60
70
80
Cold Line Pressure(Hose Spigot)
0 94.5
time (s)
psi
open close
bathroom sink pressure signal
40
50
60
70
80
Cold Line Pressure(Hose Spigot)
0 94.5
time (s)
psi
open close
bathroom sink pressure signal
flow volume
Bucket Trials
• 9 Homes• 41
Fixtures• 541 trials
gpm% o
f act
ual
volu
me
Neptune T-10 Water meter
Training on all fixturesOnly kitchen + bath
volume prediction
Flow Trace Meter
hot and cold
• train on 4 trials, • median error: 0.2 gpm• 75th percentile: 0.42 gpm
water end use
water flowfeedbackinterfaces
architecture
toilet78.4 gallons
shower62.4 gallons
bath6.5 gallons
today‘s usage
bathroom sink 14.2 gallons
bathroom sink 20.8 gallons
toilet78.4 gallons
shower10.4 gallons
bath0.0 gallons
bathroom sink 11.2 gallons
bathroom sink 20.8 gallons
shower52.4 gallons
bath6.5 gallons
bathroom sink 13.2 gallons
bathroom sink 22.4 gallons
today‘s usage: hot vs cold
hydrosenseexample pressure waves
bath open
dishwasher open
upstairs toilet flush
downstairs toilet flush
downstairs shower open
kitchen sink cold open
kitchen sink hot open
toilet
natural water use
70
50
30
pres
sure
(psi)
kitchen sink kitchen sinkbathroom sink
water tower
thermal expansion
tank
hosespigot
utility water meter
pressure regulator
laundry
bathroom 1
hot water heater bathroom 2
dishwasher
incoming cold water from supply line
kitchen
data collection
Larson and Froehlich, et al., Pervasive 2011
totals
days 33 33 30 27 33 156
events 2374 3075 4754 2499 2578 14,960
events/day 71.9 93.2 158.5 92.6 78.1 95.9
compound 22.2% 21.8% 16.6% 32% 21.3% 21.9%
5-week dataset
Larson and Froehlich, et al., Pervasive 2011
Fixtures Cnt Total Hot Cold Mixed Compound AvgDuration
KitchenSink 5 5494 (36.7%) 44.4% 25.8% 29.9% 9.9% 22.4 secsM. Bathroom Sink 7 3934 (26.3%) 53.7% 32.9% 13.4% 41.8% 27.2 secsM. Bathroom Toilet 5 1886 (12.6%) 0.0% 100% 0.0% 10.8% 43.6 secsS. Bathroom Sink 4 1369 (9.2%) 45.1% 46.5% 8.3% 35.6% 30.9 secsWashing Machine 4 430 (2.9%) 21.6% 75.6% 2.8% 18.1% 1.6 minsM. Bathroom Bath 5 423 (2.8%) 53% 8.3% 38.8% 25.2% 43.4 secsS. Bathroom Toilet 3 341 (2.3%) 0.0% 100% 0.0% 9.4% 27.2 secs
M. Bathroom Shower
5 261 (1.7%) 21.1% 1.5% 77.4% 15.3% 8.7 minsDishwasher 3 261 (1.7%) 100% 0.0% 0.0% 5.7% 1.2 mins
S. Bathroom Bath 2 59 (0.39%) 8.5% 0.0% 91.5% 6.8% 20.7 secsS. Bathroom
Shower2 47 (0.31%) 23.4% 0.0% 76.% 2.1% 9.4 mins
Totals 53 14960 5870 (39.2%) 6087 (40.7%) 3003 (20.1%) 21.9% 49.1 secs
5-week dataset
three levels of granularity
valve levele.g., upstairs bathroom faucet hot water activated
1
fixture levele.g., upstairs bathroom faucet activated
2
fixture category levele.g., faucet activated
3
hydrosense classification resultsreal-world water usage data
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
75.5% 89.5% 95.9%
one sensor
fixture categoryfixturevalve
*error bars = std error *10-fold cross validation, 15000 events
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
75.5% 89.5% 95.9%82.4% 93.5% 97.7%
hydrosense classification resultsreal-world water usage data
two sensors
fixture categoryfixturevalve
*error bars = std error
one sensor
*10-fold cross validation, 15000 events
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1170
80
90
Days of Training Data
Clas
sific
ation
Acc
urac
ies
(%)
hydrosense classification results
fixture level
water end use
water flowfeedbackinterfaces
architecture
What are the key gaps in water usage understanding?
What aspects of disaggregated data are potential users interested in and what sort of reactions do the visualizations provoke?
How might these visualizations impact behavior?
1
2
3
Key Questions
Froehlich, et al., CHI2012
Data Granulari
ty Individual Fixture
Fixture Category
Activity Hot and Cold
Time Granulari
ty So Far Today So Far This Week
So Far This Month
Measurement
Unit In Gallons In Dollars Dollars / Gallons
Including Sewage
Comparison
Self Comparison
To Others Social/SelfTo A Goal
Design Dimensions Explored
DESIGN SET 1: ISOLATING DESIGN DIMENSIONS
Design Probes ExploredDESIGN SET 2: DESIGN PROBES
Spatial
Per-Occupant
Time-Series
Rainflow
Other
AquaticEco-system
water savingstracker
“Frank” the fish
Water savings goal
met
“Frank” the fish meets his mate
New water savings goal
met
Frank and his mate
have childrenand so on…
display is also
interactive so fish
respond to touch
DESIGN SET 2: DESIGN PROBES
Aquatic Ecosystem View
DESIGN SET 2: DESIGN PROBES
Other Design Probes
Geographic Comparisons Dashboards
Metaphorical Unit Designs Recommendations
Froehlich, et al., CHI2012
Eco-feedback displays do not just visualize consumption, they document household
activities
water end use
water flowfeedbackinterfaces
architecture
saveprocess (local) update
install for two weeksstream to cloudupdate global models
save to disk/cloudkeep diary (sparse)infer activity later
Sensing and ArchitectureEric Larson
[email protected]@ec_larsoneclarson.com
Indirect Water End Use Sensing:Consumption, Disaggregation, and Feedback
Behavior ChangeJon Froehlich
[email protected]@jonfroehlichcs.umd.edu/~jonf
UNIVERSITY ofWASHINGTON
Product DevelopmentKevin Ashton
[email protected] @kevin_ashton