acid and base chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · produce h + (as h 3o ) ions in water (the...

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Page 1: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Acid and Base Chemistry

Page 2: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Some Properties of Acids

Produce H+ (as H3O+) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion

attached to a water molecule)

Taste sour

Corrode metals

Electrolytes

React with bases to form a salt and water

pH is less than 7

Turns blue litmus paper to red “Blue to Red A-CID”

Page 3: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Some Properties of Bases Produce OH- ions in water

Taste bitter, chalky

Are electrolytes

Feel soapy, slippery

React with acids to form salts and water

pH greater than 7

Turns red litmus paper to blue “Basic Blue”

Page 4: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Page 5: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Acids and bases are all around us

Page 6: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Acid and Bases

Page 7: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Acid and Bases

Page 8: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Naming Acids and Bases

--The name of a nonoxy acid ( Acid w/o Oxygen) --Start with hydro- --Change –ide ending to –ic

Example: HBr = hydrobromic acid • HCl hydrochloric acid • HF hydrofluoric acid

Page 9: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Naming Acids and Bases

--The name of an oxyacid Stem of the anion (carbonate) changed to -ic

acid HNO3 nitric acid • H3PO4 phosphoric acid • H2SO4 sulfuric acid • H2CO3 carbonic acid

Page 10: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Acid Nomenclature Flowchart

hydro- prefix-ic ending

2 elements

-ate endingbecomes-ic ending

-ite endingbecomes

-ous ending

no hydro- prefix

3 elements

ACIDSstart with 'H'

Page 11: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Naming Bases

Say the name of the cation and add hydroxide. NaOH sodium hydroxide KOH potassium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 magnesium hydroxide Al(OH)3 aluminum hydroxide Mn(OH) 2 manganese (II) hydroxide

Page 12: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Acid Base Reactions

Acid + Base Salt + Water NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O KOH + HCl H2O + KCl 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 6H2O + Al2(SO4)3 Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 2H2O + Ca(NO3)2 Ca(OH) 2 + H2CO3 2H2O + CaCO3

H from acid and OH from base make HOH (H2O )

The elements left over make up the salt Na + Cl NaCl

Page 13: Acid and Base Chemistry - glacierpeakscience.org€¦ · Produce H + (as H 3O ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste sour Corrode

Chapter 20 Hw – Due 5/5/14

• Read pages 577 – 579 – Do questions 3 – 5 on page 579 – Define Acid and Base

• Read pages 590 – 592 – Do question 16 & 18 on page 593

• Read pages 613 – 616 – Define Neutralization, Antacid, Titration, Antacid

e...e.com 1 Acids, Bases and Salts Acids An acid is a compound which when dissolved in water yields hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) as the only positively charged ion. HCl + H 2 O H₃O⁺

Acids and Bases - Mr. Sprolesmrsproles.weebly.com › ... › student_ch_17_acidsbases.pdf6 Some Properties of Acids Produce H+ (as H 3 O +) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen

Acid and Base Equilibrium. Some Properties of Acids Produce H 3 O + ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Taste

Acids Substances that donate hydrogen ions (H + ) to water to form H 3 O + Called the hydronium ion Examples of Acids HCl hydrochloric acid used

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Chemistry 20 Placement Test Data Booklet - SAIT Upgrading...Chemistry 20 Placement Test Data Booklet Common Polyatomic Ions Ion Name Ion Name CH 3COO-acetate H 3O+ hydronium NH 4 +

Acids and Bases - mi01000971.schoolwires.net€¦ · 3 O + •H 3 O+ = “hydronium ion ... Brønsted /Lowry “neutralization” For weak acids and weak bases Acid 1 + Base 1 ⇄

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ACIDS AND BASES 2 IONIZATION OF WATER, pHdrsapnag.manusadventures.com/chemistry/general... · •pOH can be calculated just like pH. •K W is the hydronium ion and hydroxide ion

Section 14.1 An acid is a substance that produces hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) when it dissolves in water.acid A hydronium ion (H 3 O + ) consists of a hydrogen

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Aqueous solutions can be classified as acidic, basic, or neutral. This classification scheme is based on the quantities of 2 ions, hydronium ion, H 3

Copyright Kaplan AEC Education, 2008 PROBLEM #1 Carbonate ion reacts with hydronium ion to produce carbonic acid according to the equation CO 3 2 – + 2H

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ACIDS & BASES Sour Turn litmus paper red pH below 7 Contain hydronium ion (H 3 O + ) at the beginning Proton donors electron acceptors Ex HCl-found in

· The hydronium ion: The small proton in aqueous solution forms the linear two-coordinate [H 2O-H-OH 2]+ ion, shown below (left). This low coordination number is expected from the

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Copyright 2014. All rights reserved.. Introduction to the hydronium ion (H 3 O + ) H 3 O + has a pyramidal structure and is iso-electronic to ammonia

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þ Produce H + (as H 3 O + ) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) þ Taste sour þ Corrode metals (react to