Acid and Base ChemistryAcid and Base Chemistry

Some Properties of Acids

þ Produce H+ (as H3O+) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion

attached to a water molecule)

þ Taste sour

þ Corrode metals

þ Electrolytes

þ React with bases to form a salt and water

þ pH is less than 7

þ Turns blue litmus paper to red “Blue to Red A-CID”

Some Properties of Bases

Produce OH- ions in water

Taste bitter, chalky

Are electrolytes

Feel soapy, slippery

React with acids to form salts and water

pH greater than 7

Turns red litmus paper to blue “Basic Blue”

Acids and bases are all around us

Acid and Bases

Acid and Bases

Naming Acids and Bases

--The name of a nonoxy acid ( Acid w/o Oxygen)--Start with hydro- --Change –ide ending to –ic

Example: HBr = hydrobromic acid• HCl hydrochloric acid • HF hydrofluoric acid

Naming Acids and Bases

--The name of an oxyacid Stem of the anion (carbonate) changed to -ic acidHNO3 nitric acid

• H3PO4 phosphoric acid

• H2SO4 sulfuric acid

• H2CO3 carbonic acid

Acid Nomenclature Flowchart

h yd ro - p re fix-ic e n d ing

2 e le m e n ts

-a te e nd ingb e com es-ic e nd ing

-ite e nd ingb e com es

-o us e nd ing

n o h yd ro- p re fix

3 e le m e n ts

ACIDSs ta rt w ith 'H '

Naming Bases

Say the name of the cation and add hydroxide. NaOH sodium hydroxideKOH potassium hydroxideBa(OH)2 barium hydroxide

Mg(OH)2magnesium hydroxide

Al(OH)3 aluminum hydroxide

Mn(OH) 2 manganese (II) hydroxide

Acid Base Reactions Acid + Base Salt + Water NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O

KOH + HCl H2O + KCl

2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 6H2O + Al2(SO4)3

Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 2H2O + Ca(NO3)2

Ca(OH) 2 + H2CO3 2H2O + CaCO3

H from acid and OH from base make HOH (H2O )

The elements left over make up the salt Na + Cl NaCl

Chapter 20 Hw – Due 5/6/15

• Read pages 577 – 579– Do questions 3 – 5 on page 579– Define Acid and Base

• Read pages 590 – 592– Do question 16 & 18 on page 593

• Read pages 613 – 616– Define Neutralization, Antacid, Titration,