advanced design system 2001 using instruments with...

Advanced Design System 2001

Using Instruments with ADS

August 2001

Notice

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

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Copyright © 2001, Agilent Technologies. All Rights Reserved.

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Contents1 Instrument Server

Platforms, Machine Dependencies and GP-IB Cards .............................................. 1-1Installation Requirements ......................................................................................... 1-1Starting and Exiting the Instrument Server............................................................... 1-2Parts of the Instrument Server.................................................................................. 1-3Connecting to Instruments........................................................................................ 1-5Data Transfer Considerations ................................................................................... 1-6Reading from and Writing to Files ............................................................................ 1-6

Reading a File .................................................................................................... 1-9Writing to a File .................................................................................................. 1-10

Reading and Writing Network Analyzer Data ........................................................... 1-11Network Analyzer Data Formats......................................................................... 1-11Using the Agilent E8358A Network Analyzer .................................................... 1-12Using Agilent 87xx-Series Network Analyzers .................................................. 1-12Using Agilent 8752 Network Analyzers ............................................................. 1-13Using Agilent 8510 Network Analyzers ............................................................. 1-14Reading Instrument Data from a Network Analyzer ........................................... 1-14Writing Data to a Network Analyzer ................................................................... 1-15

Reading and Writing Spectrum Analyzer Data ......................................................... 1-17Reading Instrument Data from a Spectrum Analyzer......................................... 1-17Writing to a Spectrum Analyzer.......................................................................... 1-18

Reading and Writing Oscilloscope Data ................................................................... 1-20Reading Instrument Data from an Oscilloscope................................................. 1-20Using Agilent 541xxx-series Oscilloscopes ....................................................... 1-21Writing Advanced Design System Data to an Oscilloscope ............................... 1-23

Reading and Writing Microwave Transition Analyzer Data ....................................... 1-24Reading Instrument Data from an MTA .............................................................. 1-25Writing Data to an MTA ...................................................................................... 1-27

Specifying a Symbolic Interface Name..................................................................... 1-28Specifying a Transfer Timeout .................................................................................. 1-28Entering Comments into a Dataset........................................................................... 1-29

2 HP CITIfile Data Format ReferenceCITIfile Data Formats ............................................................................................... 2-1

Data Formats...................................................................................................... 2-1File and Operating System Formats................................................................... 2-2

CITIfile Definitions .................................................................................................... 2-2Package.............................................................................................................. 2-2Header................................................................................................................ 2-3Data Array .......................................................................................................... 2-3

iii

Keywords ............................................................................................................ 2-3CITIfile Examples ..................................................................................................... 2-3

Display Memory File ........................................................................................... 2-3Agilent 8510 Data File ........................................................................................ 2-4Agilent 8510 3-Term Frequency List Cal Set File ............................................... 2-5

CITIfile Keyword Reference ...................................................................................... 2-6CITIfile Guidelines .................................................................................................... 2-9Converting Between Disk Formats ........................................................................... 2-10

HFS .................................................................................................................... 2-10DOS.................................................................................................................... 2-11

CITIfile Device-specific Definitions ........................................................................... 2-11Network Analyzer (#NA) Definitions ......................................................................... 2-11

Data Grouping .................................................................................................... 2-11Network Analyzer Keywords............................................................................... 2-11

Error Array Numbering ............................................................................................. 2-13Disk Filename Requirements ................................................................................... 2-14Agilent 8510 Series CITIfile ...................................................................................... 2-14Agilent 8700 Series CITIfile ...................................................................................... 2-15

3 Touchstone Data Format ReferenceSpecifying Units and Impedance .............................................................................. 3-1

Syntax ................................................................................................................ 3-1Example ............................................................................................................. 3-1

Entering Data Values................................................................................................ 3-2Example ............................................................................................................. 3-2

Noise Parameters ..................................................................................................... 3-3Example ............................................................................................................. 3-3

4 Command ReferenceFile Menu.................................................................................................................. 4-1

Close Window..................................................................................................... 4-1HP-IB Menu .............................................................................................................. 4-1

Symbolic Name .................................................................................................. 4-1Timeout .............................................................................................................. 4-1

Help Menu ................................................................................................................ 4-1What’s This?....................................................................................................... 4-1Topics and Index................................................................................................. 4-1Agilent EEsof Web Site ...................................................................................... 4-2About the Instrument Server .............................................................................. 4-2Read Instrument (Button) ................................................................................... 4-2

iv

Chapter 1: Instrument ServerThe Instrument Server provides a way to read in data from sources such as a networkanalyzer or Touchstone file into a dataset. The Instrument Server also writes datafrom a dataset to an instrument or file.

Applications for using transferred data include:

• Reading measured instrument data into a dataset, and comparing measureddata to simulation results in a data display.

• Reading data into a dataset for use with components, such as the VtDatasetsource, that can read data from a dataset.

• Writing S-parameters from a dataset to a specific file type. The S-parameter filecan then be read by a component, such as a P2D amplifier.

• Transferring data between other simulation products such as Series IV, MDS,Agilent HFSS, or IC-CAP.

These are just a few examples, there are many other applications for transferringdata between Advanced Design System and outside systems.

This chapter describes how to transfer measured data between datasets and files,network analyzers, spectrum analyzers, oscilloscopes, and the Agilent 70820AMicrowave Transition Analyzer.

The Instrument Server can transfer data between many instrument models and fileformats. A list of supported instruments appears at the start of each section.

Platforms, Machine Dependencies and GP-IB Cards

:Note For details on the hardware and software interface kits that can be used witheach platform, refer to the “HP-IB and GP-IB Interfaces” section in the Installdocumentation.

Installation RequirementsTo use the Instrument Server, you must first perform the following installation steps:

• Install a GP-IB card and software in your computer

Platforms, Machine Dependencies and GP-IB Cards 1-1

Instrument Server

• Run any installation procedures to set symbolic names, bus speed, etc.

• Set GP-IB and Instrument Server configurations in Advanced Design System

Note As part of the interface card installation, a symbolic name is assigned to thecard. When you install the card, make a note of this name, you will need it when youuse the Instrument Server. For details on specifying a symbolic name, refer to“Specifying a Symbolic Interface Name” on page 1-28.

Starting and Exiting the Instrument ServerYou can start the Instrument Server from a Schematic window or a Data DisplayWindow.

• From a Schematic window, choose, Window > New File/Instrument Server . Or, clickthe Instrument Server icon.

• From a Data Display window, click the Instrument Server icon.

To exit the Instrument Server, choose File > Exit from the Instrument Server menubar.

1-2 Starting and Exiting the Instrument Server

Parts of the Instrument ServerThe following illustration shows the default appearance of the Instrument Serveruser interface when the Instrument Server is started.

The layout of the interface and names of the various elements vary with the taskbeing performed (read or write) and whether a file, network analyzer, spectrumanalyzer, oscilloscope, or microwave transition analyzer is selected.

This variation in the appearance of the Instrument Server user interface is evident inthe following illustration which shows the appearance of the interface when it isconfigured to write data to a file.

Menu bar

Availableand selecteddatasets

Availableand selectedvariables

Read sourcesand writedestinations

Instrumentandfile options

Parts of the Instrument Server 1-3

Instrument Server

The following are the more frequently used elements of the interface:

• The Menu bar displays the menus that are available in a data display window.

• Read and Write display lists of items that you can read from and write to.Depending on your selection, additional instrument and file options aredisplayed.

• Display Status Log activates the transfer of information to the Status Server.Any errors that occur during the data transfer or messages that indicate theprogress of the transfer will appear in this window.

• Display Comments Dialog enables you to add comments to a dataset.

• The Dataset field list the datasets in the current project. The selected dataset orthe name of a new dataset is displayed in the Dataset Name field.

1-4 Parts of the Instrument Server

• The Blocks field lists the blocks (variables) in the selected dataset. The selectedblock is displayed in the field below the list.

Connecting to InstrumentsSeveral interface bus choices must be specified when you transfer data to or from aninstrument.

Data can be transferred either by HP-IB or GP-IB. References to HP-IB in this textalso refer to GP-IB.

To configure the interface bus, do the following:

1. Choose HP-IB > Timeout . The HPIB Timeout dialog box appears.

2. Enter the amount of time, in seconds, allowed to transfer data and click OK.

When this time is exceeded, the communication between the instrument andcomputer is terminated. Do not specify an excessively long time because if thedata transfer fails, it may be difficult to terminate the connection between thecomputer and the instrument until the time has expired. If you do not specify atime interval, a default value of 10 seconds is used.

3. Choose HP-IB > Symbolic Name . The HPIB Symbolic Name dialog box appears.

4. Enter the symbolic name of the interface card and click OK.

This name is required to transfer data via HP-IB or GP-IB. For details onspecifying a symbolic name, refer to “Specifying a Symbolic Interface Name” onpage 1-28.

5. The HP-IB Address field enables you to the identify the instrument that youwant to connect to by HP-IB address.

The steps to complete these settings begin with “Specifying a Symbolic InterfaceName” on page 1-28.

Connecting to Instruments 1-5

Instrument Server

Data Transfer ConsiderationsTo ensure successful data transfers, before initiating a transfer, be sure to:

• Specify a timeout duration which is sufficient to complete the data transferfrom an instrument.

• Set the instrument to hold or single sweep mode. This is particularly importantwhen retrieving averaged data from an instrument, or the data acquisition timefor an instrument is relatively long.

• Do not change any settings on an instrument while a transfer is in progress.

• Not all instruments have the same memory or trace locations, so be sure toselect a location that is valid for your instrument or an error will occur whenyou attempt to transfer data.

• You may need to perform several transfers in order to place data in a finalformat. For example, you may have S-parameters in a Touchstone file and wantthem in P2D format. You would read the S-parameters from the Touchstone fileto a dataset, then write the data from the dataset and into a P2D file.

Reading from and Writing to FilesYou can transfer data between datasets and files that are in the following fileformats:

• Touchstone

• CITIfile

• IC-CAP

• Measurement Data Interchange Format (MDIF)

You can transfer data from a file into a dataset, or vice versa. One application is totransfer data from a dataset to an MDIF file, for use with a specific type ofcomponent. For example, a file in P2D format (P2D is one of several MDIF formats)containing S-parameters can then be used by the P2D amplifier. Using theInstrument Server, you can write S-parameters from a dataset to a file in P2Dformat. Another application is reading Agilent IC-CAP data into a dataset to be usedin conjunction with a component, such as a source, that can read data from a dataset.

1-6 Data Transfer Considerations

The following table lists available file types, a description of the file contents, and thecomponent that uses the data. Be sure to review the notes at the end of the table. Fordetails about each file format, refer to the Circuit Simulation manual.

Table 1-1. Available File Format Types

Format Description Usage

Touchstone (SnP) Format

SnP†,†† Small signal S, H, Y, Z, or G-parameters. May also include optionalnoise data (2 port data only). Where nis the number of ports from 1 to 99.

n-Port S-parameter file (SnP)components in the Data ItemsLibrary.

CITIfile Format

CITI††† A general data format supported bynetwork analyzers. Capable of storingmultiple packages of multi-dimensional data.

S#P #-Port S-parameter filecomponents in the Data ItemsLibrary.

Agilent IC-CAP Formats

DUT, MDL,

SET‡,‡‡Device under test (DUT), model(MDL), and setup (SET) files from theHewlett Packard IC-CAP program.These files can contain Measured,Simulated, and/or Transformed data.

Once the data is read into adataset, it can be used with anycomponent (for example, aVtDataset source) that can readdata from a dataset.

† When writing data from a dataset to a file, the variable names are limited to S,H,Y,Z orG, for example, S[1,1], S[1,2], G[1,1], G[1,2]. The variable name is used to determine thetype of data.†† The first set of data in the dataset that matches the data type (name) will be output. It is notpossible to arbitrarily select which data will be will be output.††† There are some specific problems with the current version in writing and/or reading thisdata format. Refer to the release notes or on the Agilent EEsof support Web site for moreinformation and workarounds.‡ You can read in IC-CAP data only.‡‡ Only simple, scaled expressions with numbers or variables and one operator (either +, -, *,or /) are supported for start, stop, step, and number of points parameters, for example, start=1 GHZ or stop=icmax/10.‡‡‡ This format is not yet fully supported.

The COD, FIR, LAS, and SPE formats were obsolete when ADS 1.0 was introduced and arenot used by the application. The LIST2 and T2D formats are also obsolete.

Reading from and Writing to Files 1-7

Instrument Server

MDIF Formats

DSCR Discrete (indexed) tabular andpossibly statistical density data.

DAC

GCOMP†† Gain compression data Amplifier and Mixer items in theSystem - Amps & Mixers library.

GEN_MDIF Generalized multi-dimensional tablesunifying other MDIF formats.

DAC

IMT†† Intermodulation product table of mixerintermodulation products between theLO and signal that relates the mixer IMoutput level to signal input level.

MixerIMT in the System - Amps &Mixers library.

MODEL_MDIF Nonlinear model parameters EEFET1, BJTAP, etc.

P2D†,†† Large-signal, power-dependent, 2-portS, H, Y, Z, or G -parameters.

AmplifierP2D item in the System -Amps & Mixers library.

PDF‡‡‡ User defined, piece-wise linearprobability density function data.

With expressions in the Statisticstab.

S2D†,†† 2-port S, H, Y, Z, or G-parameters withgain compression and optional noiseand intermodulation data.

Amplifier S2D, Amplifier, andMixer items in the System - Amps& Mixers library.

S2PMDIF Multi-dimensional 2-port, S, Y, Z, H, Gsignal and optional 2-port noiseparameter (Fmin, Gopt, Rn) data.

With S2PMDIF and DAC

Table 1-1. Available File Format Types (continued)




1-8 Reading from and Writing to Files

Reading a File

To read the contents of a file into a dataset:

1. From an open Instrument Server window, click READ.

2. Under Read From, click File .

3. Under File Format to Read From, select one of the following file formats:

• Touchstone

• MDIF

• CITIfile

• ICCAP

4. For MDIF files, choose the appropriate file subtype fromMDIF Sub File.

SDF††,††† Time-domain voltage data file inHP89440 file format.

TimeFile item in Timed Sourcesand OutFile item in Sinks library.

SPW†† Time-domain voltage data file inCadence Alta Group SPW format

TimeFile item in Timed Sourcesand OutFile item in Sinks library.

TIM†† Time-domain data TimeFile item in Timed Sourcesand OutFile item in Sinks library.

Table 1-1. Available File Format Types (continued)




Reading from and Writing to Files 1-9

Instrument Server

5. Under File Name, type in the filename if the file is in the project. If it is not,click Browse to locate and select the file.

6. Click Display Status Log to view any messages and errors that may occur duringthe transfer.

7. Click Display Comments Dialog to add comments to a dataset. For instructions,refer to “Entering Comments into a Dataset” on page 1-29.

8. The data from the selected file will be written to a dataset. Enter a name in theDataset Name field or select from the existing datasets in the Datasets list. Ifyou choose a dataset from the list, any data that is already stored in the datasetwill not be saved and will be overwritten with new data.

9. Click Read File to send the file contents to the dataset.

Note The source file must not use any ADS reserved variables. Use of such a file canproduce misleading results.

Writing to a File

To write data to a file:

1. From an open Instrument Server window, click WRITE.

2. Under Write To, click File .

3. Under File Format to Write To, select one of the following file formats:

• Touchstone

• MDIF

• CITIfile

4. Under File Name, type in the filename you want to write to. It will be saved inthe project directory. If you want to save the file in a different location, clickBrowse to select a location.


6. Click Display Comments Dialog to view comments in a dataset. For instructions,refer to “Entering Comments into a Dataset” on page 1-29.

1-10 Reading from and Writing to Files

7. The source of the data can be any project dataset. Select an existing datasetfrom the Datasets list.

8. Click Write to File to send the data to the file.

Reading and Writing Network Analyzer DataData can be transferred to and from the following network analyzers.

* Not fully supported

Network Analyzer Data Formats

The network analyzer stores measurements as raw, corrected, or formatted data,depending on the settings of the network analyzer:

• Raw data are the values measured at the detector, with no correction oralteration.

• Corrected data are the values measured at the detector, plus correction dataapplied.

• Formatted data is corrected data plus any averaging, smoothing, or otherprocesses that can be applied with network analyzer.

Table 1-2. Network Analyzer Data

Model Number Description

Agilent E8358A 300 kHz - 9 GHz VNA*

Agilent 8510B/C High Performance uW VNA

Agilent 8712X 300kHz - 1.3 GHz Low Cost (Trans, Refl) RF VNA

Agilent 8714X 300kHz - 3 GHz Low Cost (Trans, Refl) RF VNA

Agilent 8719X 50 MHz – 13.5 GHz VNA

Agilent 8720X 50 MHz – 20 GHz VNA

Agilent 8722X 50 MHz – 40 GHz VNA

Agilent 8752X 300kHz - 6 GHz Reflection Transmission VNA

Agilent 8753X 30kHz-6 GHz High Performance RF VNA

Agilent 8702X 300 kHz - 6 GHz Mod Freq Lightwave Component Analyzer

Agilent 8703X 130 MHz - 20 Ghz Mod Freq Lightwave Component Analyzer

Wiltron 360 High Performance uW VNA

Reading and Writing Network Analyzer Data 1-11

Instrument Server

Most Agilent Analyzers have two channels, each having its own set of raw, correctedand formatted data arrays. For all analyzers except the 8712 and 8714the instrumentserver accesses the data in channel 1 only.

Using the Agilent E8358A Network Analyzer

The instrument server has the ability to interface with the Agilent E8358A networkanalyzer. The instrument server reads from the Channel 1 data arrays. There arethree NWA data formats to choose from.

• Formatted Transfer the data in the analyzer’s Formatted data array to thedataset.

• Corrected Transfer the data in the analyzer’s Corrected data array to thedataset.

• Raw Transfer the data in the analyzer’s Raw data array to the dataset. Rawdata for all four S parameters is available regardless of whether a full2-port-calibration is in effect.

Data is always stored in the dataset variable as complex real imaginary pairs of therequested S parameters.

The instrument server will expect the data in the dataset to be complex.

Using Agilent 87xx-Series Network Analyzers

The instrument server reads from and writes to the Channel 1 data arrays. The dataof interest in channel 1 does not have to be currently displayed to be read. Ifaveraging is ON, the instrument server will put the instrument in HOLD modebefore reading the data. Therefore make sure that the instrument has sufficientlyaveraged the data before reading the array.

In Read Mode there are three NWA data formats to choose from.




1-12 Reading and Writing Network Analyzer Data


In Write Mode there are two NWA Data Locations to choose from.

• Memory Transfer complex data from the selected dataset variable to theChannel 1 Memory array.

• Raw Transfer complex data from the selected dataset variable to the Channel1 Raw data array. If a full 2-port-calibration is in effect, any of the fourS-parameters can be written to the 4 available raw data arrays. If a full2-port-calibration is not in effect, S11 data must be selected in order to write tothe single Raw data array available.

The instrument server will expects the data in the dataset to be complex.

Using Agilent 8752 Network Analyzers

Only S11 (reflection) and S21 (transmission) data can be read from or written to anAgilent 8752 network analyzer. This network analyzer only makes reflection andtransmission measurements, and reading or writing data for other parametersproduces unpredictable results.

Before data is written into a raw data array in the Agilent 8752 network analyzer,the error correction that is built into the instrument must be turned off. This is notnecessary if data is written into memory in the instrument.

To turn off error correction in the Agilent 8752, follow these steps:

1. Press the menu key SYSTEM.

2. Press the function key SERVICE.

3. Press the function key SERVICE MODES.

4. Press the function key MORE.

5. Press the function key FREQ RESP to turn off the calibration.

When this has been complete, you can write data into the raw data array in anAgilent 8752 network analyzer.

Note Be sure to turn on error correction before making additional measurementswith the network analyzer.


Instrument Server

Using Agilent 8510 Network Analyzers

The instrument server reads from and writes to the Channel 1 data arrays. The dataof interest in channel 1 does not have to be currently displayed to be read. Ifaveraging is ON, the instrument server will put the instrument in HOLD modebefore reading the data. Therefore make sure that the instrument has sufficientlyaveraged the data before reading the array.

In Read mode there are three NWA data formats to choose from.





In Write mode there are two NWA data locations to choose from.

• Memory Transfer complex data from the selected dataset variable to theChannel 1 Corrected data array.

• Raw Transfer complex data from the selected dataset variable to the Channel1 Raw data array. If a full 2-port-calibration is in effect, any of the fourS-parameters may be written to the 4 available raw data arrays. If a full2-port-calibration is not in effect, S11 data must be selected in order to write tothe single Raw data array available.

The instrument server will expects the data in the dataset to be complex.

Reading Instrument Data from a Network Analyzer

To read measured data from a network analyzer:

1. Configure the network analyzer by setting the stimulus, calibration, and otherparameters.


3. Under Read From, click Network Analyzer .


4. Under NWA Data Format, select one of the following formats:

• Raw

• Corrected

• Formatted

5. Under Read Network Analyzer Data, select the S-parameters that you want touse as the data source. You can select one set of the S-parameters or create anS-matrix of all S-parameters.

6. Type the network analyzer address in the HP-IB Address field.

7. Select HP-IB > Symbolic Name and enter a symbolic interface name. For moreinformation, refer to “Specifying a Symbolic Interface Name” on page 1-28.

8. If you want the data transfer to include a timeout, select HP-IB > Timeout . Formore information, refer to “Specifying a Transfer Timeout” on page 1-28.



11. Enter a name in the Dataset Name field, or select an existing dataset from theDatasets list.

12. Enter a unique block name in the Enter Unique Block Name field. Theinstrument data will be stored in this block name.

Note You can select an existing block from the Blocks list, but you must edit theselected block name in the Enter Unique Block Name field so that it is unique.

13. Click Read Instrument to send the measured instrument data to the dataset.

Writing Data to a Network Analyzer

Data in a dataset can be written to the network analyzer raw data array or memoryarray. The memory array can only hold one parameter.

If data is to be written to the Channel 1 Raw data array, and a full 2-port-calibrationis in effect, any of the four S parameters may be written to the 4 available raw data


Instrument Server

arrays. If a full 2-port-calibration is not in effect, S11 data must be selected in orderto write to the single Raw data array available.

To write to a network analyzer:


2. Under Write To, click Network Analyzer .

3. Under NWA Data Location, select the network analyzer data locations toidentify where you want to send the data.

4. Under Write Network Analyzer Data, select the type of S-parameters that youintend to send to the analyzer.

5. Type the network analyzer address in the HP-IB Address field.


7. If you want the data transfer to include a timeout, select HP-IB > Timeout . Formoreinformation refer to “Specifying a Transfer Timeout” on page 1-28.


9. The source of the data can be any block in a project dataset. The data in thedataset block must be complex data. Select from the list of existing datasets andblocks.

10. Enter a unique block name in the Enter Name from Block List field.

Note You can select an existing block from the Blocks list, but you must edit theselected block name in the Enter Name from Block List field so that it is unique.

11. Click Write To Instrument to send the data to the specified network analyzerlocation.


Reading and Writing Spectrum Analyzer DataData can be read from and written to a wide range of Hewlett-Packard spectrumanalyzers. Supported spectrum analyzers are listed below.

Reading Instrument Data from a Spectrum Analyzer

When data is read into a dataset, the location specified as the source of the data(trace A, B, or C) is read immediately without the selected trace being put into viewmode. When reading data from a spectrum analyzer, keep in mind the following:

• The 856X series of analyzers do not have a Trace C.

• The instrument server doesn’t wait for the trace to complete before the data isread.

• For traces with long sweep times, make sure the instrument has completed onesweep of the desired spectrum before reading the data.

• No peak search is performed before the data is transferred.

• Data is read in exactly as it appears on the screen.

• The data written to the dataset variable has the amplitude units of the analyzerat the time the data was read.

To read data from a spectrum analyzer:


2. Under Read From, click Spectrum Analyzer .

3. Under Read Spectrum Analyzer Trace, select the trace you want to use as thedata source.

Table 1-3. Spectrum Analyzer Data

Model Number Features

Agilent 70000 Modular Analyzers (MMS)

Agilent 8566B 100 Hz–22 GHz

Agilent 8567A 10 kHz–1500 MHz

Agilent 8568B 100 Hz–1500 MHz

Agilent 859XX Portable Economy Analyzer Series

Agilent 856XX Portable Mil Spec Analyzer Series

Reading and Writing Spectrum Analyzer Data 1-17

Instrument Server

4. Type the spectrum analyzer address in the HP-IB Address field.


6. If you want the data transfer to include a timeout, select HP-IB > Timeout . Formore information refer to “Specifying a Transfer Timeout” on page 1-28.




10. Enter a unique block name in the Enter Unique Block Name field.

Note You can select from the list of existing blocks in the Blocks list, but you mustedit the selected block name in the Enter Unique Block Name field so that it isunique. The instrument data will be stored in this block.


Writing to a Spectrum Analyzer

Existing data in the instrument memory to which data is being written isoverwritten, and the dataset data is displayed as if it were measured data. Sincedataset data is deleted from the instrument when another measurement is made, theinstrument server places the instrument in single sweep mode to prevent the datasetdata from being overwritten. Dataset data is deleted from the instrument whenanother measurement is made.

When data is written into the spectrum analyzer, the frequency range, number ofpoints, and other stimulus values in the instrument are not changed. Interpolation isused (if necessary) to display the dataset data at the frequency points given by thecurrent spectrum analyzer settings. There must be some overlap between thefrequency range of the dataset and the analyzer’s current frequency range. Thespectrum analyzer does not extrapolate. Data values for all frequencies above orbelow the frequencies in the dataset appear as zero.

1-18 Reading and Writing Spectrum Analyzer Data

The instrument server searches the selected dataset variable for an attribute labeled“Amplitude Units”. If it is not found, the instrument server prompts the user for theunit value of the dataset variable data. The dataset variable data must be real data,complex data will result in an error.

To write to a spectrum analyzer:


2. Under Write To, click Spectrum Analyzer .

3. Under Write to Spectrum Analyzer Trace, select the trace where you intend tosend the data.

4. Type the spectrum analyzer address in the HP-IB Address field.





9. The source of the data can be any block in a project dataset. Enter a name in theDataset Name field, or select a dataset from the Dataset list.

10. Enter a unique block name in the Enter Name from Block List field. Theinstrument data will be stored in this block.


11. Click Write To Instrument to send the dataset or block to the spectrum analyzertrace.

Reading and Writing Spectrum Analyzer Data 1-19

Instrument Server

Reading and Writing Oscilloscope DataData can be read from and written to a wide range of Hewlett-Packard oscilloscopes.Supported oscilloscopes are listed below.

Reading Instrument Data from an Oscilloscope

Not all channels or memory locations exist on all supported oscilloscopes. Requestingdata from a nonexistent channel results in an error message and no data istransferred.

Table 1-5 summarizes the memory locations from which data can be read in variousHewlett-Packard oscilloscopes.

Table 1-4. Oscilloscope Data

Model Number Features

Agilent 54100A 1 GHz rep BW, 2-channel.

Agilent 54100D Agilent 54100A with dual trigger.

Agilent 54110D Agilent 54100D with color CRT and PaintJet output.

Agilent 54111D 500 MHz Rep BW, 250 MHz 1-shot, 2-channel dual trigger.

Agilent 54120T 20 GHz rep BW, 4-channel.

Agilent 54123T 34 GHz rep BW, 4-channel.

Agilent 54124T 50 GHz, 4-channel.

Agilent 54720D 2 GHz, 8 GSample/sec Modular Oscilloscope (using Agilent 5471x and5472x plug-ins)

Agilent 54750A 20 GHz Sampling Modular Oscilloscope (using Agilent 5475x plug-ins)

Table 1-5. Oscilloscope Memory Locations

OscilloscopeMemory1Memory2

Memory3Memory4

Memory5Memory6

Memory5throughMemory8

All † ‡ •Agilent 54120T • •† All instruments except Agilent 54100A/D oscilloscopes with firmwarerevisions earlier than March 1986. In these earlier oscilloscopes, datais read from Channel 1 or 2 only.‡ Memory5 = fcn1, Memory6 = fcn2.

1-20 Reading and Writing Oscilloscope Data

It may take a long time to read some extreme cases of averaged data. It is notuncommon for it to take 10 to 15 minutes to accumulate 500 points of data averaged2048 times. If such a trace is desired, store the trace in memory first, then read thedata directly from memory.

Also note that the Agilent 54111D oscilloscope stores 8192 points of data in waveformmemories 1 through 4 even though only 512 of these points are displayed at any onetime. The result is that even if only two periods appear on the display, reading thememory will take as long as is needed to read points for 16 periods.

Using Agilent 541xxx-series Oscilloscopes

When reading data from an active channel, all Agilent 541xxx-series and Agilent547xx-series oscilloscopes first digitize the data into a waveform memory.

Agilent 54123T • •Agilent 54110D • •Agilent 54111D • • •

Agilent 547xx ‡ • • •



Memory3Memory4

Memory5Memory6


† All instruments except Agilent 54100A/D oscilloscopes with firmwarerevisions earlier than March 1986. In these earlier oscilloscopes, datais read from Channel 1 or 2 only.‡ Memory5 = fcn1, Memory6 = fcn2.

Reading and Writing Oscilloscope Data 1-21

Instrument Server

Table 1-6 traces the flow of the data in each oscilloscope.

To read data from an oscilloscope:


2. Under Read From, click Oscilloscope .

3. Under Read Oscilloscope Data, select the channel or memory location that youwant to use as the data source.

4. Type the oscilloscope address in the HP-IB Address field.






Table 1-6. Oscilloscope Data Flow

Agilent54100A/D †

Agilent54110D

Agilent54111D

Agilent5412xx

Agilent547xx

Where channel 1is stored

Internalmemory

Memory 1 Memory 1 orMemory 5 ‡

Memory 1 Internalmemory


Internalmemory

Memory 2 Memory 2 orMemory 6 ‡






† Agilent 54100A/D oscilloscopes with firmware revisions later than March 1986 behavelike Agilent 54110D oscilloscopes.‡ The Agilent 54111D oscilloscope digitizes real-time traces from channels 1 and 2 intoMemory 1 and Memory 2. It digitizes averaged traces from these two channels intoMemory 5 and Memory 6.

1-22 Reading and Writing Oscilloscope Data

10. Enter a unique block name in the Enter Unique Block Name field. Theinstrument data will be stored in this block.

Note You can select an existing block from the Blocks list, but you must edit theselected block name in the Enter Unique Block Name field so that it is unique.


Writing Advanced Design System Data to an Oscilloscope

Not all memory locations are on all supported oscilloscopes. Writing data to anonexistent channel aborts the process with an error message and no data changes.

Table 1-7 summarizes the memory locations that are available for writing data invarious Hewlett-Packard oscilloscopes.

When data is written into the oscilloscope, the time range, number of points, andother stimulus values in the waveform memory are not changed. Interpolation isused (if necessary) to display the dataset data at the time points given by the currentoscilloscope settings. This means that the desired time/div, volts/div, delay, and othersettings must be adjusted on an active channel and then stored in memory.

The oscilloscope does not extrapolate. Data values for all times above or below thefrequencies in the dataset appear as zero.

To write to an oscilloscope:



Memory3Memory4


ALL •Agilent 54120T • •Agilent 54123T • •Agilent 54110D • •Agilent 54111D • • •Agilent 547xx • •

Reading and Writing Oscilloscope Data 1-23

Instrument Server


2. Under Write To, click Oscilloscope .

3. Under Write To Oscilloscope Memory, select the memory location where youintend to send the data.

4. Type the oscilloscope address in the HP-IB Address field.





9. The source of the data can be any block in a project dataset. Enter a name in theDataset field, or select a dataset from the Datasets list.



11. Click Write To Instrument to send the dataset or block to the specifiedoscilloscope memory location.

Reading and Writing Microwave Transition AnalyzerDataData can be read from and written to the Agilent 70820A Microwave TransitionAnalyzer (MTA).

1-24 Reading and Writing Microwave Transition Analyzer Data

Reading Instrument Data from an MTA

You can read MTA data from a trace, memory, or a table. Data can be in the followingformat. The data read from a trace or memory location is formatted by the followingRead MTA data selections.

• Formatted The format of the data depends on the instrument’s current Domainsetting, which dictates how the trace data is to be displayed. Basically this is aWhat You See Is What you Get mode. The dependent data returned may be inComplex(real, imaginary), Real, Imag, Magnitude, Phase, orComplex(magnitude, phase) formats. The independent data can be eitherfrequency or time.

• Complex versus time The dependent data returned will be complex data, andthe independent data will be time. It doesn’t matter what is currently beingdisplayed on the screen. The measured data will be transformed as necessary tooutput complex data vs. time. For instance, if the instrument is currentlydisplaying magnitude data vs. frequency, an inverse FFT is performed so theindependent data is time, and the dependent data will be complex(real,imaginary).

• Complex versus frequency The dependent data returned will be complex data,and the independent data will be frequency. It doesn’t matter what is currentlybeing displayed on the screen. The measured data will be transformed asnecessary to output complex data vs. frequency. For instance, if the instrumentis currently displaying real data vs. time, a FFT is performed so theindependent data is frequency, and the dependent data will be complex(real,imaginary).

If data is to be read from the MTA table, the instrument server checks to see if thereis more than 1 signal in the signal list. If there is more than 1 signal in the list, theinstrument server will prompt the user for the signal of interest. The magnitude datais changed to absolute amplitude values if it is originally relative. When the transferis started, the transition analyzer is put into hold mode if it is not in this modealready. Then the data is read. This makes it possible to set up a trace, put theinstrument in hold mode, and then read the data. After the data has been read, thetransition analyzer is returned to its original sweep mode.

Details on transition analyzer domains appear under the description of the waveformsubsystem in the Agilent 70820A Transition Analyzer Remote Programming Manual.

To read data from an MTA:

Reading and Writing Microwave Transition Analyzer Data 1-25

Instrument Server


2. Under Read From, click Microwave Transition Analyzer .

3. Under Read MTA Trace, select one of the MTA Trace Formats:

• Trace 1-4: a displayed MTA trace

• Memory 1-4: an MTA memory location

• Table: If there is more than one signal in the signal list, the instrumentserver will prompt the user for the signal of interest. The structure of thetable is retained. For example, a table may contain the magnitude and phasevalues of a fundamental frequency and each of its harmonics. The data istransferred to the dataset in the same order.

4. Under Read MTA Data, select one of the MTA Data Formats:

• Formatted

• Complex vs. Time

• Complex vs. Frequency

5. Type the microwave transition analyzer address in the HP-IB Address field.






11. Enter a unique block name in the Enter Unique Block Name field. Theinstrument data will be stored in this block.

Note You can select an existing block from the Blocks list, but you must edit theselected name in the Enter Unique Block Name field so that it is unique.

1-26 Reading and Writing Microwave Transition Analyzer Data


Writing Data to an MTA

Any data that in the instrument memory location that you select to write to will beoverwritten with the dataset data. The frequency range, number of points, and otherstimulus values in the instrument are reset to fit the trace being written.

To write to an MTA:


2. Under Write To, click Microwave Transition Analyzer .

3. Under Write to MTA Memory, select the memory location where you intend tosend the data.

4. Under Write MTA Data, select one of the MTA data types:

• Frequency Domain Data as a function of frequency

• Time Domain Complex data as a function of time

5. Type the microwave transition analyzer address in the HP-IB Address field.





10. The source of the data can be any block in a project dataset. Enter a name in theDataset Name field, or select a dataset from the Datasets list.



Reading and Writing Microwave Transition Analyzer Data 1-27

Instrument Server

12. Click Write To Instrument to send the dataset or block to the specified MTAmemory location.

Specifying a Symbolic Interface NameThe symbolic interface name is the name assigned to the interface card when thecard is installed. This name can be redefined at any time and is required by theInstrument Server to transfer data to or from an instrument. For the E2050Lan/HP-IB gateway box, the symbolic name is of the form:

lan[IP_address]:hp-ib_name

To enter the symbolic name:

1. From the menu bar choose HP-IB > Symbolic Name .

2. The HP-IB Symbolic Name dialog box appears. Type the name into the field inthe dialog box.

3. Click OK.

Example:

If an E2050 Lan/HP-IB gateway box with an IP address of 18.9.134.213 is to beaddressed, the symbolic name is:

lan[18.9.134.213]:hpib that is, lan[IP_address] : hp-ib_name

Refer to the documentation for the E2050 for details on changing the hp-ib_name.

Note Interface cards for the PC are often bundled with a diagnostics program. If thediagnostics software is installed, you can run it to identify the card name. For UNIXplatforms, you should make a note of the card name when you install the card.

Specifying a Transfer TimeoutA transfer timeout specifies the length of time allowed to transfer data. When thetime is exceeded, the instrument and computer are disconnected. You should alwaysset the timeout option before a data transfer to ensure the connection between theinstrument and Advanced Design System can be terminated.

To set a timeout:

1-28 Specifying a Symbolic Interface Name

1. From the menu bar choose HP-IB > Timeout .

2. The HP-IB Timeout dialog box appears. Type the amount of time you want toallow to elapse, in seconds, before the timeout occurs.

3. Click OK.

Note The optimum transfer time depends on the hardware speed and the amount ofdata to be transferred. If you transferring data from an instrument and areaveraging data, transferring a large amount of data, or have a long sweep time, putthe instrument in hold or single sweep mode or change the timeout setting to anappropriate value before attempting to transfer data.

Entering Comments into a DatasetYou can enter comments into a dataset. Comments such as the origin of the data canbe useful to identify the contents of the dataset.

To enter comments:

1. Click Display Comments Dialog .

2. Type in comments that you want to add to the dataset. The comments areentered into a comments field of the dataset.

3. Click OK to add the comments to the dataset.

Entering Comments into a Dataset 1-29

Instrument Server

1-30 Entering Comments into a Dataset

Chapter 2: HP CITIfile Data FormatReferenceThis chapter gives an overview of the CITIfile format, definitions of key terms, andfile examples. It also includes:

• Keyword reference

• File guidelines

• Instructions for converting between disk formats

• Device-specific definitions

• Filename requirements

CITIfile Data FormatsCITIfile is a standardized data format that is used for exchanging data betweendifferent computers and instruments. CITIfile stands for Common InstrumentationTransfer and Interchange file format.

This standard is a group effort between instrument designers and designers ofcomputer-aided design programs. As much as possible, CITIfile meets current needsfor data transfer, and it is designed to be expandable so it can meet future needs.

CITIfile defines how the data inside an ASCII package is formatted. Since it is nottied to any particular disk or transfer format, it can be used with any operatingsystem, such as DOS or UNIX, with any disk format, such as DOS or HFS, or withany transfer mechanism, such as by disk, LAN, or GPIB.

By careful implementation of the standard, instruments and software packages usingCITIfile are able to load and work with data created on another instrument orcomputer. It is possible, for example, for a network analyzer to directly load anddisplay data measured on a scalar analyzer, or for a software package running on acomputer to read data measured on the network analyzer.

Data Formats

There are two main types of data formats: binary and ASCII. CITIfile uses the ASCIItext format. Although this format does require more space than binary format, ASCIIdata is a transportable, standard type of format which is supported by all operating

CITIfile Data Formats 2-1

HP CITIfile Data Format Reference

systems. In addition, the ASCII format is accepted by most text editors. This allowsfiles to be created, examined, and edited easily, making CITIfile easier to test anddebug.

File and Operating System Formats

CITIfile is a data storage convention designed to be independent of the operatingsystem, and therefore may be implemented by any file system. However, transferbetween file systems may sometimes be necessary. You can use any software that hasthe ability to transfer ASCII files between systems to transfer CITIfile data. For moreinformation, see “Converting Between Disk Formats” on page 2-10.

The descriptions and examples shown here demonstrate how CITIfile may be used tostore and transfer both measurement information and data. The use of a single,common format allows data to be easily moved between instruments and computers.

CITIfile DefinitionsThis section defines the following terms: package, header, data array, and keyword.

Package

A typical CITIfile package is divided into two parts:

• The header is made up of keywords and setup information.

• The data usually consists of one or more arrays of data.

The following example shows the basic structure of a CITIfile package:

When stored in a file there may be more than one CITIfile package. With the Agilent8510 network analyzer, for example, storing a memory all will save all eight of the

CITIFILE A.01.00NAME MEMORYVAR FREQ MAG 3DATA S RIBEGIN-3.54545E-2,-1.38601E-30.23491E-3,-1.39883E-32.00382E-3,-1.40022E-3END

Header

Data

2-2 CITIfile Definitions

memories held in the instrument. This results in a single file that contains eightCITIfile packages.

Header

The header section contains information about the data that will follow. It may alsoinclude information about the setup of the instrument that measured the data. TheCITIfile header shown in the first example has the minimum of informationnecessary; no instrument setup information was included.

Data Array

An array is numeric data that is arranged with one data element per line. A CITIfilepackage may contain more than one array of data. Arrays of data start after theBEGIN keyword, and the END keyword follows the last data element in an array.

A CITIfile package does not necessarily need to include data arrays. For instance,CITIfile could be used to store the current state of an instrument. In that case thekeywords VAR, BEGIN, and END would not be required.

Keywords

Keywords are always the first word on a new line. They are always one continuousword without embedded spaces. A listing of all the keywords used in version A.01.00of CITIfile is shown in “CITIfile Keyword Reference” on page 2-6.

CITIfile ExamplesThe following are examples of CITIfile packages.

Display Memory File

This example shows an Agilent 8510 display memory file. The file contains nofrequency information. Some instruments do not keep frequency information fordisplay memory data, so this information is not included in the CITIfile package.

Note that instrument-specific information (#NA = network analyzer information) isalso stored in this file.

CITIfile Examples 2-3


CITIFILE A.01.00#NA VERSION HP8510B.05.00NAME MEMORY#NA REGISTER 1VAR FREQ MAG 5DATA S RIBEGIN-1.31189E-3,-1.47980E-3-3.67867E-3,-0.67782E-3-3.43990E-3,0.58746E-3-2.70664E-4,-9.76175E-40.65892E-4,-9.61571E-4END

Agilent 8510 Data File

This example shows an Agilent 8510 data file, a package created from the dataregister of an Agilent 8510 network analyzer. In this case, 10 points of real andimaginary data was stored, and frequency information was recorded in a segment listtable.

CITIFILE A.01.00#NA VERSION HP8510B.05.00NAME DATA#NA REGISTER 1VAR FREQ MAG 10DATA S[1,1] RISEG_LIST_BEGINSEG 1000000000 4000000000 10SEG_LIST_ENDBEGIN0.86303E-1,-8.98651E-18.97491E-1,3.06915E-1-4.96887E-1,7.87323E-1-5.65338E-1,-7.05291E-18.94287E-1,-4.25537E-11.77551E-1,8.96606E-1-9.35028E-1,-1.10504E-13.69079E-1,-9.13787E-17.80120E-1,5.37841E-1-7.78350E-1,5.72082E-1END

2-4 CITIfile Examples

Agilent 8510 3-Term Frequency List Cal Set File

This example shows an Agilent 8510 3-term frequency list cal set file. It shows howCITIfile may be used to store instrument setup information. In the case of an Agilent8510 cal set, a limited instrument state is needed in order to return the instrument tothe same state that it was in when the calibration was done.

Three arrays of error correction data are defined by using three DATA statements.Some instruments require these arrays be in the proper order, from E[1] to E[3] . Ingeneral, CITIfile implementations should strive to handle data arrays that arearranged in any order.

CITIFILE A.01.00#NA VERSION HP8510B.05.00NAME CAL_SET#NA REGISTER 1VAR FREQ MAG 4DATA E[1] RIDATA E[2] RIDATA E[3] RI#NA SWEEP_TIME 9.999987E-2#NA POWER1 1.0E1#NA POWER2 1.0E1#NA PARAMS 2#NA CAL_TYPE 3#NA POWER_SLOPE 0.0E0#NA SLOPE_MODE 0#NA TRIM_SWEEP 0#NA SWEEP_MODE 4#NA LOWPASS_FLAG -1#NA FREQ_INFO 1#NA SPAN 1000000000 3000000000 4#NA DUPLICATES 0#NA ARB_SEG 1000000000 1000000000 1#NA ARB_SEG 2000000000 3000000000 3VAR_LIST_BEGIN1000000000200000000025000000003000000000VAR_LIST_ENDBEGIN1.12134E-3,1.73103E-34.23145E-3,-5.36775E-3-0.56815E-3,5.32650E-3-1.85942E-3,-4.07981E-3END

CITIfile Examples 2-5


BEGIN2.03895E-2,-0.82674E-2-4.21371E-2,-0.24871E-20.21038E-2,-3.06778E-21.20315E-2,5.99861E-2ENDBEGIN4.45404E-1,4.31518E-18.34777E-1,-1.33056E-1-7.09137E-1,5.58410E-14.84252E-1,-8.07098E-1END

When an instrument's frequency list mode is used, as it was in this example, a list offrequencies is stored in the file after the VAR_LIST_BEGIN statement. The unsortedfrequency list segments used by this instrument to create the VAR_LIST_BEGIN dataare defined in the #NA ARB_SEG statements.

CITIfile Keyword ReferenceTable 2-1 lists keywords, definitions, and examples.

2-6 CITIfile Keyword Reference

Table 2-1. CITIfile Keyword Reference

Keyword Example and Explanation

CITIFILE Example: CITIFILE A.01.00Identifies the file as a CITIfile and indicates the revision level of the file.The CITIFILE keyword and revision code must precede any otherkeywords.

The CITIFILE keyword at the beginning of the package assures thedevice reading the file that the data that follows is in the CITIfileformat.The revision number allows for future extensions of the CITIfilestandard.

The revision code shown here following the CITIFILE keywordindicates that the machine writing this file is using the A.01.00 versionof CITIfile as defined here. Any future extensions of CITIfile willincrement the revision code.

NAME Example: NAME CAL_SET

Sets the current CITIfile package name. The package name should bea single word with no embedded spaces. Some standard packagenames:

RAW_DATA: Uncorrected data.

DATA: Data that has been error corrected. When only a single dataarray exists, it should be named DATA.

CAL_SET: Coefficients used for error correction.

CAL_KIT: Description of the standards used.

DELAY_TABLE: Delay coefficients for calibration.

VAR Example: VAR FREQ MAG 201

Defines the name of the independent variable (FREQ); the format ofvalues in a VAR_LIST_BEGIN table (MAG) if used; and the number ofdata points (201 ).

CONSTANT Example: CONSTANTname value

Lets you record values that do not change when the independentvariable changes.

CITIfile Keyword Reference 2-7


# Example: #NA POWER1 1.0E1

Lets you define variables specific to a particular type of device. Thepound sign (#) tells the device reading the file that the followingvariable is for a particular device.The device identifier shown here (NA) indicates that the information isfor a network analyzer. This convention lets you define new deviceswithout fear of conflict with keywords for previously defined devices.The device identifier can be any number of characters.

SEG_LIST_BEGIN Indicates that a list of segments for the independent variable follows.

Segment Format: segment type start stop number of points

The current implementation supports only a signal segment. If you usemore than one segment, use the VAR_LIST_BEGIN construct. CITIfilerevision A.01.00 supports only the SEG (linear segment) segmenttype.

SEG_LIST_END Sets the end of a list of independent variable segments.

VAR_LIST_BEGIN Indicates that a list of the values for the independent variable (declaredin the VAR statement) follows. Only the MAG format is supported inrevision A.01.00.

VAR_LIST_END Sets the end of a list of values for the independent variable.

DATA Example: DATA S[1,1] RI

Defines the name of an array of data that will be read later in thecurrent CITIfile package, and the format that the data will be in.Multiple arrays of data are supported by using standard array indexingas shown above. CITIfile revision A.01.00 supports only the RI (realand imaginary) format, and a maximum of two array indexes.

Commonly used array names include:S - S-parameterE - Error TermVoltage - VoltageVOLTAGE_RATIO - A ratio of two voltages (A/R)

Table 2-1. CITIfile Keyword Reference (continued)

Keyword Example and Explanation

2-8 CITIfile Keyword Reference

CITIfile GuidelinesThe general guidelines aid in making CITIfiles universally transportable are:

• Line Length The length of a line within a CITIfile package should not exceed80 characters. This allows instruments which may have limited RAM to definea reasonable input buffer length.

• Keywords Keywords are always at the beginning of a new line. The end of aline is as defined by the file system or transfer mechanism being used.

• Unrecognized Keywords When reading a CITIfile, unrecognized keywordsshould be ignored. There are two reasons for this:

• Ignoring unknown keywords allows new keywords to be added, withoutaffecting an older program or instrument that might not use the newkeywords. The older instrument or program can still use the rest of the datain the CITIfile as it did before. Ignoring unknown keywords allows“backwards compatibility” to be maintained.

• Keywords intended for other instruments or devices can be added to thesame file without affecting the reading of the data.

• Adding New Devices Individual users are allowed to create their own devicekeywords through the # (user-defined device) mechanism (see list of keywordsfor more information). Individual users should not add keywords to CITIfileswithout using the # notation, as this could make their files incompatible withcurrent or future CITIfile implementations.

• File Names Some instruments or programs identify a particular type of file bycharacters that are added before or after the file name. Creating a file with aparticular prefix or ending is not a problem. However in general an instrumentor program should not require any such characters when reading a file. Thisallows any file, no matter what the filename, to be read into the instrument orcomputer. Requiring special filename prefixes and endings makes the exchangeof data between different instruments and computers much more difficult.

CITIfile Guidelines 2-9


Converting Between Disk FormatsMost current Agilent instruments use disks formatted in the Logical InterchangeFormat (LIF). Some instruments also use DOS-formatted disks. CITIfiles created onone file system (LIF, DOS, HFS, etc.) may be transferred to other file systems.

HFS

Several LIF and DOS utilities are available for HP-UX workstations. The HP-UXutilities lifcp and doscp can transfer CITIfiles to and from LIF and DOS disks. Usinglifcp and doscp are similar; using lifcp is described below. Several other LIF and DOSutilities are also available. Consult the manuals for these utilities for more detailedinformation. Listing the contents of a LIF disk when using HP-UX would be similarto the following example:

lifls /dev/rdsk/1s0.0

The device name used will depend on how your system was configured. Copying aCITIfile named DD_FILED1 from a LIF disk to HFS would be similar to the followingexample:

lifcp /dev/rdsk/1s0.0:DD_FILED1 DD_FILED1

To copy a standard HFS ASCII file to a LIF disk:

lifcp DD_FILED1 /dev/rdsk/1s0.0:DD_FILED1

When used on an HFS disk, The HP-UX program RMB/UX (Rocky Mountain BASICfor HP-UX) has the ability to write a CITIfile in either as a standard HFS ASCII file,or as a LIF volume file. The LIF volume file is the default. This type of file is notdirectly readable when using the HP-UX operating system, and the copy commandslisted above will not work correctly.

BASIC program writers are encouraged to detect when writing to an HFS disk, andto use the standard HFS format. The program examples CITIWRITE andCITIDOALL show how this can be done. However CITIfiles stored in the LIF volumeformat can still be transferred to LIF disks, or converted to standard HFS files. Tocopy a LIF volume file named DD_FILED stored on an HFS disk and move it to a LIFdisk:

lifcp DD_FILED1:WS_FILE /dev/rdsk/1s0.0:DD_FILED1

To copy the LIF volume file DD_FILED1 to a standard HFS file named NEWFILE:

lifcp DD_FILED1:WS_FILE NEWFILE

2-10 Converting Between Disk Formats

DOS

Utilities are available for DOS machines that enable them to transfer files to andfrom a LIF formatted disk. Many of these programs are menu-driven, and areavailable from the following companies: HP, Oswego, Meadow Soft Works, andInnovative Software Systems.

CITIfile Device-specific DefinitionsCITIfile is a generic definition of a data storage format for any type of computer orinstrument. However each type of device may need to define certain conventions foritself. This section describes the device-specific keywords and conventions for currentimplementations.

Network Analyzer (#NA) Definitions

Data Grouping

Data arrays of the same type, obtained during a single measurement operation, arestored in a single CITIfile package. For example, all error correction arrays are storedin the same CITIfile package, and all parameters acquired during an s-parametermeasurement operation are stored in the same CITIfile package.

A CITIfile package is as described in the main CITIfile documentation: the CITIFILEkeyword, followed by a header section, usually followed by one or more arrays of data.

Network Analyzer Keywords

The definition of CITIfile allows for statements that are specific to a certain type ofdevice. Table 2-2 lists the currently defined commands for the #NA network analyzer)keyword.

CITIfile Device-specific Definitions 2-11


Table 2-2. Network Analyzer Keywords

Statement Explanation

#NA ARB_SEG x y p A list segment, as entered by the user. xx = start value y = stop value p = number of points.

#NA REGISTER nn Register in instrument that the current data packagewas stored in. nn = number of register.

#NA SWEEP_TIME tt The sweep time of the analyzer. tt = time in seconds.

#NA POWER1pp Power level of signal source #1. pp = power in dBm.

#NA POWER2pp Power level of signal source #2. pp = power in dBm.

#NA PARAMS aa Bitmap of valid parameters for a calibration. Bitpositions 1-8 represent the following: Bit #1 = S11 Bit #2 = S21 Bit #3 = S12 Bit #4 = S22 Bit #5 = user1 Bit #6 = user2 Bit #7 = user3 Bit #8 = user4A bit equal to one means that the calibration is valid forthat parameter; a zero means that the calibration is notvalid for that parameter. Bit #0 is the least significantbit.

NA# CAL_TYPE cc The type of calibration used: 1 = response calibration. 2 = response and isolation calibration. 3 = one-port calibration on port 1 4 = one-port calibration on port 2 5 = two-port calibration (includes one-path full & TRL)

NA# POWER_SLOPEss Change in power versus frequency. ss = dBm/GHz

NA# SLOPE_MODEmm On/off flag for power slope. mm = 0 = off mm = 1 = on

2-12 Network Analyzer (#NA) Definitions

Error Array NumberingCurrent network analyzer implementations use between one and twelve errorcoefficient arrays in order to perform error correction. The CAL_TYPE keyworddescription in “Network Analyzer (#NA) Definitions” on page 2-11 lists the currentlydefined calibration types. Table 2-3 defines the meanings of each coefficient arraywith respect to the error model used.

NA# TRIM_SWEEP tt Linearity adjustment value for swept sources.

NA# SWEEP_MODEss Type of sweep done to make measurement. 0 = swept 1 = stepped 2 = single-point 3 = fast CW 4 = list

NA# LOWPASS_FLAGff Low-pass time domain flag. ff = 0 = low-pass time domain enabled. ff = 1 = low-pass time domain disabled.

NA# FREQ_INFO ii The frequency information flag.ii = 0 = frequency information displayed on instrument

screen. ii = 1 = frequency information not displayed oninstrument screen.

NA# DUPLICATES dd Delete duplicates flag. Determines if points listed morethan once should be measured more than once. dd = 0 = points listed more than once are measuredas many times as they are listed. dd = 1 = points are measured only once.

NA# SPAN xx yy pp The sweep parameters: xx = start value yy = stop value pp = number of points

NA# IF_BW gg The IF bandwidth setting of the receiver. gg = IF bandwidth in Hertz.

Table 2-2. Network Analyzer Keywords (continued)

Statement Explanation

Error Array Numbering 2-13


Disk Filename RequirementsSome instruments or programs identify a particular type of file by characters that areadded before or after the file name. In general an instrument or program should notrequire any such characters when reading a file.

There exist CITIfile implementations which do have file naming restrictions. Thissection explains how to work around these restrictions.

Agilent 8510 Series CITIfileThe Agilent 8510 checks the first three letters of the filename to determine what isstored in the file. Table 2-4 lists the file prefixes for an Agilent 8510 CITIfile.

Table 2-3. Error Array Numbering

ErrorArrayName

FrequencyResponse

Response&Isolation

All1-Port

All2-Port

E1 Er or Et Ed or Ex Ed Edf

E2 — Er or Et Es Esf

E3 — — Er Erf

E4 — — — Exf

E5 — — — Elf

E6 — — — Etf

E7 —- —- — Edr

E8 — — —- Esr

E9 — — — Err

E10 — — — Exr

E11 -— -— — Elr

E12 — — -— Etr

2-14 Disk Filename Requirements

DD_MYDATA is an example of a file name for a file that contains one array of correcteddata.

The current Agilent 8510 CITIfile implementation is unable to read files unless theyhave the prefixes above. It is expected that a future Agilent 8510 revision will removethis restriction.

Agilent 8700 Series CITIfileStoring a data file from an Agilent 8700-series analyzer in CITIfile format requiresthat you choose the SAVE USING ASCII option.

The Agilent 8700 series of instruments check the last two characters of the filenameto determine what is stored in the file. Table 2-5 lists the file endings for an Agilent8700 CITIfile.

Table 2-4. Agilent 8510 Series CITIfile Prefixes

FilePrefix File Contents Notes

RD_ Raw Data Raw (uncorrected data array(s).

DD_ Data Data Error corrected data array(s)

FD_ Formatted Data Corrected & formatted data array.

DM_ Display Memory File holds one memory.

MA_ Display Memory All Holds all memories in 8510.

CS_ Cal Set One set of calibration data.

CA Cal Set All All sets of calibration data.

DT_ Delay Table One delay table.

Table 2-5. Agilent 8700 Series CITIfile Suffixes

Last 2 Charsof File Name File Contents Notes

Rx Raw Data x = 1 = channel 1.x = 5 for channel 2.

Dx Data Data x = channel number.

Fx FormattedData

x = channel number.

Agilent 8700 Series CITIfile 2-15


FILE1D1 is an example of a file name for a file that contains corrected data forchannel #1. FILE1R5 is a filename for raw data arrays from channel #2. MYFILE2Cis an example of a name for a file that contains a cal set used by channel #2, with 12arrays of data (hexadecimal C).

To load data from disk into an Agilent 8700-series instrument, there must be amatching instrument state file to go with the data that is being loaded. Consult theAgilent 8700-series documentation for more information.

Mx DisplayMemory

x = channel number.

xy Cal Set x = channel number.y = number of error coefficient arrays inthe file. y is displayed in hexadecimal.

Table 2-5. Agilent 8700 Series CITIfile Suffixes

Last 2 Charsof File Name File Contents Notes

2-16 Agilent 8700 Series CITIfile

Chapter 3: Touchstone Data FormatReferenceTouchstone data files are ASCII text files in which data appears line by line, one lineper data point, in increasing order of frequency. Each line of data consists of afrequency value and one or more pairs of values for the magnitude and phase of eachS-parameter at that frequency.Values are separated by one or more spaces.Comments are preceded by an exclamation mark (!). Comments can appear onseparate lines, or after the data on any line or lines. Extra spaces are ignored.

Specifying Units and ImpedanceThe first uncommented line in the file must be a specification line. The nextuncommented line is the first data line.

Specification lines begin with the number symbol (#) followed by a space. Then theseparameters are specified, in this order:

• Frequency unit (GHz, MHz, KHz, or Hz)

• Parameter type (S)

• Data format, as magnitude-angle (MA), dB-angle (DB), or real-imaginary (RI )

• Nnormalizing impedance (R n, where n=ohms)

Syntax

The syntax for specifying units and impedance is shown below.

[#] [GHz MHz KHz, Hz] [S] [MA DB RI] [R n]

Example

This is a typical specification line:

# MHZ S MA R 50

Frequency values are in MHz (MHz), the data is S-parameter data (S), the data formatis magnitude and angle (MA), and the impedance is 50 ohms (R 50 ).

Specifying Units and Impedance 3-1

Touchstone Data Format Reference

Entering Data ValuesData values appear on each line, in this order:

• Frequency In these examples, frequency appears as f. In the data file,frequency must be in the units that are used in the stimulus control element onthe circuit page where the data is used.

• Magnitude In these examples, magnitude is expressed as m.

• Phase In these examples, phase is expressed as p. Phase is always given indegrees.

One-port data is entered on one line, with three values for each point:

f m(S11) p(S11)

Two-port data is entered on one line, with nine values for each point:

f m(S11) p(S11) m(S21) p(S21) m(S12) p(S12) m(S22) p(S22)

Three-port data is entered on three lines, with 19 values for each point:

f m(S11) p(S11) m(S12) p(S12) m(S13) p(S13m(S21) p(S21) m(S22) p(S22) m(S23) p(S23)m(S31) p(S31) m(S32) p(S32) m(S33) p(S33)

Four-port data is entered on four lines, with 33 values for each point:

f m(S11) p(S11) m(S12) p(S12) m(S13) p(S13) m(S14) p(S14)m(S21) p(S21) m(S22) p(S22) m(S23) p(S23) m(S24) p(S24)m(S31) p(S31) m(S32) p(S32) m(S33) p(S33) m(S34) p(S34) m(S41) p(S41) m(S42) p(S42) m(S43) p(S43) m(S44) p(S44)

Example

In this example, 2-port S-parameter data is specified.

! Two-port S-Parameter Data# MHz S MA R 500 .1 20 2 -20 .01 -20 .1 -30100 .1 20 2 -20 .01 -20 .1 -30200 .2 -40 4 -30 .02 -30 .15 -35300 .3 -60 5 -40 .02 -30 .2 -50

3-2 Entering Data Values

Noise ParametersNoise parameters can be included in Touchstone format 2-port data files. Noise datafollows the S-parameter data and consists of a row of noise parameters at a particularfrequency.

Each line of a noise parameter has the following five entries:

x1 x2 x3 x4 x5

where

Example

This is an example of a data file with noise data:

! NEC710

# GHZ S MA R 502 .95 -26 3.57 157 .04 76 .66 -1422 .60 -144 1.30 40 .14 40 .56 -85! NOISE PARAMETERS4 .7 .64 69 .3818 2.7 .46 -33 .40

x1 = Frequency in units. Assumed to be GHz unless otherwise noted ina units line. The first point of noise data must have a frequencyless than the frequency of the last S-parameter frequency.

x2 = Minimum noise figure in dB

x3 = Magnitude of the reflection coefficient to realize the minimumnoise figure (MA)

x4 = Phase in degrees of the reflection coefficient (MA)

x5 = Normalized effective noise resistance. The system simulatorrequires this parameter to meet physical requirements. If theuser-supplied x5 value is less than allowed for this requirement,then the system simulator will force this x5 value to the lowestphysical limit.

Noise Parameters 3-3

Touchstone Data Format Reference

3-4 Noise Parameters

Chapter 4: Command Reference

File Menu

Close Window

Closes the instrument server window.

HP-IB Menu

Symbolic Name

Specifies the symbolic interface name assigned to the interface bus card.

Timeout

Specifies the maximum length of time allowed to transfer data. Instrumentsdisconnect after this time has elapsed.

Help Menu

What’s This?

Displays context-sensitive help for a menu, command, button, or control that isselected subsequently.

Topics and Index

Provides access to a brief list of topics for each product area, as well as access to anindex of topics in all product areas.

File Menu 4-1

Command Reference

Agilent EEsof Web Site

Launches the browser (Netscape by default) defined in Options > Preferences >Web Browser in the Advanced Design System Main window, provided the path forthe browser has been established.

About the Instrument Server

Displays version, copyright, and technical support information. Provides a directlink to the Agilent EEsof web site.

Read Instrument (Button)

Sends the measured instrument data to the dataset.

4-2 Help Menu

Index

CCITIfiles

about, 2-1and network analyzers, 2-11and the instrument server, 1-6data arrays, 2-3data format, 2-2filename requirements, 2-14for data, 1-6guideline

advanced design system 2001 using instruments with...

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