advanced training for dispatchers on emergency … 8 villella (p).… · the next step: the pegase...
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CHOOSE EXPERTS, FIND PARTNERS
ADVANCED TRAINING FOR DISPATCHERS ON EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
EPPC 2011 - 24 May 2011, Altea
Fortunato Villella, Power System Consulting
2
TABLE OF CONTENT
• Advanced training for dispatchers on emergency procedures
• Full dynamic DTS for large scale system (PEGASE)
• Impact of the self-disconnection on the voltage recovery in case of large presence of rotating load
3
THE EXTENDED ELECTROMECHANICAL MODEL
ClassicalDTS
FAST-DTSand its extended
electromechanical model (EMM)
Long-term phenomena
Short-term phenomena
Electromechanical swings
Loss of synchronism
Simulation of protective devices
VVVVV
Quasi-static phenomenaVLong-term phenomena
Short-term phenomena
Electromechanical swings
Loss of synchronism
Simulation of protective devices
VQuasi-static phenomenaV
5
INTEGRATED ARCHITECTURE
Data processing
Power ApplicationFunctions
Real-timedatabase
Simulatordatabase
Simulated data acquisition
Network model
Telemetry model
InstructorSupportSystem
EventSimulator
Trainee
Instructor
= FAST
= EMS from a generic vendor
6
Example of advanced scenario“International” scenario• Aim
- Analyze what happened on 4th November 2006
- Reproduce a similar scenario on the DTS
- Train the operators on the POLICY 5 of the ENTSO/E (Emergency Procedures)
• Frequency leader
• Resynchronization leader
- Let the operators familiarize with the concept of
• Synchro check vs synchro coupler
• Synchronous vs asynchronous coupling
• Power and frequency control
• ACE
• …
• Model- Extended electromechamical model
- ± 7000 equations integrated and solved 50 times a second (20 ms step size)
- Connected to the real scada of the TSO
7
Scenario International (ELIA)• Sequence of events
- Trip of two lines (Vigy [FR] – Ensdorf [DE] –I+II )
- Consequent overload of trips with a total split of FR-DE, FR-CH, FR-IT (due to trip of overload protections)
- All the flows FR->DE goes through the lines FR-BE-NL
- Overloads on the lines FR-BE with consequent trip and split
- WEST system with FR & BE over-
synchronous (f ≈ 50.12 Hz)
- EAST system with DE & NL–CH under-
synchronous (f ≈ 49.90 Hz)F1=50.12Hz
F2=49.90Hz
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Scenario International• ENTSOE Policy 5 application
- ELIA synchronization leader
• Drives the frequency leaders
• Synchronization on the busbars of the interconnection lines with NL (380kV)
• May use the PST to minimize the post-reconnection flow
- RTE frequency leader WEST
• Decrease the frequency
- RWE frequency leader EAST
• Increase the frequency
RTE -> F1
RWE -> F2
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000
49.65
49.70
49.75
49.80
49.85
49.90
49.95
50.00
50.05
50.10
50.15
50.20
s
[noord (imported)] NODE FREQUENCY DEIC1A00
[noord (imported)] NODE FREQUENCY FBEZ1A00
860 880 900 920 940 960
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
s
[noord (imported)] VOLTAGE AT NODE : BVYK1B00
[noord (imported)] VOLTAGE AT NODE : BVYK1B01
860 880 900 920 940 960
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
s
[noord (imported)] VOLTAGE ANGLE AT NODE : BVYK1B00
[noord (imported)] VOLTAGE ANGLE AT NODE : BVYK1B01
860 880 900 920 940 960
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
s
[noord (imported)] ACTIVE POWER : 380.27 Meerhout --> Maasbracht
[noord (imported)] ACTIVE POWER : 380.28 Gramme - Maasbracht
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Scenario InternationalConclusions
• Deep analysis of the events of 4th November 2006
• ENTSOE Policy 5 application on a practical case
• Dynamical modeling of the system of fundamental importance- Prime movers and speed governor of the interested units
- Frequency response of the system (loads, prime movers…)
- Voltage angles and synchrochecks/synchro couplers
- UFLS
- Equivalent model of the foreign units (for correct redistribution of the flows)
• Other scenarios simulating a black-out and reconstruction - Analysis of the dynamical behavior that brings to a blackout (e.g. short-circuits,
consequent loss of synchronism, voltage collapses…)
- Analysis of the dynamical behavior and of the limitation of the capability of the machines in case of blackstart (e.g. UEL, capability curve, frequency regulation, units OEL, frequency stability … )
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The next step: the PEGASE project
• PEGASE
- Pan European Grid Advanced Simulation and State Estimation
- Funded by the European Commission / Seventh Framework Program (FP7 - Energy)
- 4 years ( June 2012)
- 20 Partners (TSOs, expert companies, leading research centre)
- Advanced algorithmic, build prototypes of software, demonstrate the feasibility
• System Modelling
• Real-time state estimation (SE)
• Steady State Optimisation (OPF)
• Time domain simulation (including DTS)
• Validation, demonstration and dissemination
12
DTS in PEGASE
• Purpose
- Calculation engine able to run system-wide dynamic of the ETN real-time simulation
- Modelling flexibility user-defined models
- Size of the system ~15 000 nodes / ~4000 generators / ~125 000 state variables
• Several control centres
• Scenarios addressing cross border operational issues
• Means
- Parallel processing
- Advanced algorithmic (e.g. multi rate, Schwarz, ... etc.)
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DTS architecture in PEGASE
European Dispatcher Training System
Computation & Training Centre
Operator Console
2(generic)
Operator Console
1(generic) TSO Y
Rem
ote
c
onnect
ions
Central DB
SimulationEngine
Instructor Console(s)
Operator Console(replica)
TSO X
Operator Console(replica)
Localconnections
DTS in PEGASECurrent status• Large scale model with detailed
topology for all the UCTE system developed (~248000 physical nodes)
• Preliminary tests (similar to split 4th Nov 2006) performed
• Performance gap
- Currently it runs at 0.5x real time in average
• SCADA Communication protocol via OPC (Open Productivity & Connectivity)
- Ongoing
• Test MMI based on an in-house software
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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
49.6
49.7
49.8
49.9
50.0
50.1
50.2
50.3
s
[peg_v25_fast_is (imported)] NODE FREQUENCY F0W6JW01
[peg_v25_fast_is (imported)] NODE FREQUENCY A3000204
[peg_v25_fast_is (imported)] NODE FREQUENCY Z0WA4W01
FR
DE
GR
IMPACT OF EMBEDDED LOW VOLTAGE -DISCONNECTION ON THE VOLTAGE STABILITY IN CASE OF LARGE PRESENCE OF ROTATING LOAD• Accurate understanding of power system behavior difficult without
a good knowledge of load behavior
• Power plants: lumped and location of data concentrated when loads are dispersed, diverse and located behind the distribution systems
• Load model used for power system analysis
- averaging behavior and/or dedicated model with large industrial load
- what mix?
- what level of non linearity to capture an adequate level of plausibility especially following large disturbances?
15
EXAMPLE OF RECORDINGS WITH HIGH SAMPLING RATE
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May 11 17Workshop "ENERGY SYSTEMS SIMULATION AND MODELING"
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
8
10
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140203_00 (imported)] Direct Voltage Amplitude(kV)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
1
2
3
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140203_00 (imported)] Direct Current Amplitude(kA)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
49.5
50.0
50.5
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140203_00 (imported)] Actual frequency (Hz)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 2210
20
30
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140203_00 (imported)] Direct Active Power(MW)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
-0
10
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140203_00 (imported)] Direct Reactive Power (Mvar)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
8
10
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140202_00 (imported)] Direct Voltage Amplitude(kV)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
0.04
0.06
0.08
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140202_00 (imported)] Direct Current Amplitude(kA)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
49.5
50.0
50.5
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140202_00 (imported)] Actual frequency (Hz)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
0.5
1.0
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140202_00 (imported)] Direct Active Power(MW)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
0.2
0.4
0.6
s
[DFR_signal_20080814_140202_00 (imported)] Direct Reactive Power (Mvar)
SST1 SST1
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Load model identificationEmbedded under voltage load shedding
• A common general load model is synthesized and implemented
CONCLUSIONS
• Sensitivity to voltage and frequency are NOT sufficient to model the load
- Mostly in presence of large amount of rotating load and power electronic driven loads
• Classical models may give stable results when the system is unstable
• Possible to derive realistic average model including the embedded load shedding using measurements
• Do EMS SA and DSA include load behaviour bifurcation ?
• What is the most efficient way to predict its impact ?
19
Paper: Y. A. Jebril, A. I. Ibrahim,S. A. Shaban, S. A. Al Dessi, K. Karoui, F. Depierreux,A. Szekut, F. Villella,
“Development of a detailed dynamic load model and implementation staged testing of DEWA network”,GGG
POWER 2010 CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION, Doha 18th – 20th October 2010 ;