advantages of greenhouse technology (2)
TRANSCRIPT
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Ammar
Aamir
SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURAL PROJECT
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In India traditional farming is prevalent but now a new farming
technology called Polyhouse farming provides better income in a
short period of time with less labor.
Polyhouse farming is an alternative new technique in agriculture
gaining foothold in rural India. It reduces dependency on rainfall
& makes the optimum use o f land and water resources. Polyhouse
farming can help the farmer generate income through out the year
growing multiple crops .
WHAT IS POLYHOUSE FARMING?
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High Quality Agricultural Products
Production volume increases by 10 to 12 times
Off Seasonal Production possible
Disease and pest attacks are minimum
Plant growth and lifespan is high
Modern farming Technology such as Hydroponics can be
incorporated
Protection from excess rainfall, wind, sunlight and cold
conditions.Minimum use of water and fertilizers
Maximum use of space
Protection from birds, animals and human activities
Labor cost is reduced
ADVANTAGES OF POLYHOUSE
TECHNOLOGY
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Initial Start-up cost is high
Maintenance cost is high
Must have skills on how to control various factors inside a
greenhouse
DISADVANTAGES OF POLYHOUSE
TECHNOLOGY
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Growth and healthy production of plants under controlled
favorable conditions in closed or partially closed space is ca lled
polyhouse.
Polyhouse concept emerged in order to mitigate the adverse
environmental conditions such as excess of raining, high
temperature, extreme cold condition, air flow etc.
PRINCIPLES OF A POLYHOUSE
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Glass House
Shade Net
Poly House
6
TYPES OF
POLYHOUSE
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There are five different types of environmental factors maintained
in polyhouse.
CO2
Temperature
Light
Humidity
Air Flow
CONDITIONS MAINTAINED INSIDE A
POLYHOUSE
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Atmosphere CO2 concentration. is 0.03% means 300ppm. Plantsuse this CO2 for photosynthesis. In polyhouse, during night time
there is no photosynthesis but CO2 is given out by respiration.This CO2 remain accumulated around plants hence in nightcompare to outside, polyhouse always have more CO2concentration.
This CO2 is again used by plants growing in polyhouse for rapidphotosynthesis.It has been proved that if Polyhouse having 1000ppm of CO2, thenherbs, vegetables and flower production increases to 4 to 5 timesmore compare to normal conditions .
CARBON DIOXIDE
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For flowers and vegetables healthy and maximum growth, the
temp requirement is between 26C to 30C during day time and15C to 18C in night. The stele frame work of polyhouse is
covered by polythene hence inner temp. can rise up to 40C. To
control the temp inside the poly house, the ventilation as well as
cooling pads and fans are used. Because of this we can have
continuous quality production of herbs throughout the year.
TEMPERATURE
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Light is a most critical factor for po ly house. The brightness of
light is measured in LUX. For healthy growth of crop in polyhouse, minimum requirement of LUX is 50,000 to 60 ,000. In India,
light LUX varies from 40,000 to 1,40, 000 hence in many parts of
our country such as Maharashtra, Karnataka, M.P. the sun light is
bright and has to be reduced by using shed net. We can reduce
sunlight 30%, 50%, 75%. The 50% shed net are common in India
LIGHT
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For flowers and vegetables, and their healthy and maximum
growth, we should have proper humidity. Requirement ofhumidity for flower production is 65% to 80% and for
vegetables it is 60% to 65%
Because of controlled humidity plant growth remain continue,
flower grow with attractive colors and after cutting, their shelflife also increases. Humidity helps in color combination of
herbs, vegetable and flowers.
HUMIDITY
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If humidity is more in polyhouse, then chances of diseases and
pest increases. Under such condition, side vents of polyhouseare opened to promote wind movement in polyhouse. Because of
wind movement the humidity decreases and chances of diseases
also reduced.
AIR FLOW
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Floriculture: Roses, Orchids, Gerbera, Aster, Lilies
Vegetables: Mostly exotic such as Asparagus, Broccoli, Brussels,
Sprouts, Squash ( zucchini), Celery, Cherry -Tomato, Chinese
cabbage, Leek, Lettuce, Parsley, Capsicum etc.
Landscape Plants: And all types of shade loving plants or
foliage plant which require minimum light for healthy growth.
Polyhouse is also used for growing the seedling and hardening of
tissue culture plants.
PLANTS USED IN POLYHOUSE
TECHNOLOGY
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Possible to get back investment made on Po lyhouse wi th in a 2
years, maximum 3years.
If a entrepreneurs /cultivator go for poly house for nursery
production of high yielding vegetable plants in an area where
large scale vegetable cultivation is done, in such condition he can
get back his investment within 2 years
RETURN ON INVESTMENT
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FINANCIAL COST
Summary Statement
Sources of Capital
Owners' and other investments 2,500,000.00
Total Source of Funds 2,500,000.00
Startup Expenses
Buildings/real estate 2,500,000.00
Capital equipment 0.00
Administration expenses 106,000.00
Opening inventory 174,000.00
Total Startup Expenses 2,780,000.00
Sustainable Agricultural Project
Polyhouse required for 1 acre
Investment 2,500,000.00
Other investor 0.00
Total Investment 2,500,000.00
Startup Expenses
Buildings/Real Estate
Purchase 0.00
Construction 2,500,000.00Remodeling 0.00
Other 0.00
Total Buildings/Real Estate 2,500,000.00
Capital Equipment List
Fixtures 0.00
Machinery 0.00
Other 0.00
Total Capital Equipment 0.00
1 Qtr Admin Expenses
Labor Related Cost (2 individuals @ 15000 x 3) 45,000.00
Pesticide & Fertilizer 25,000.00
Agricultural Services (3 visit per month@ 2500X 3X 3) 22,500.00
Utility Cost 0.00
Water (150 per day x 30 x 3) 13,500.00
Total Admin Expenses 106,000.00
Opening Inventory
Cucumber Seed ( 4 months production) 70,000.00
14000 x 5
Capsicum Seed ( 3 months production) 104,000.00
13000 x 8
Total Inventory 174,000.00
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CONTINUED
Income Expense Statement
2014
REVENUE Sale of Cucumber
Plants/Acre (nos) 14000
Selling Price 11.00
Sales 154,000.00
Sales of Capsicum
Plants/Acre (nos) 13000Selling Price 41.50
Sales 539,500.00
Gross Profit 693,500.00
EXPENSES Seed Cucumber
Number of Seeds 14,000.00
Rate of Seed 5.00
Total cost of Seeds 70,000.00
See Capsicum
Number of Seeds 13,000.00
Rate of Seed 8.00
Total cost of Seeds 104,000.00
Water Charges
Per month cost 1,600.00
Months 12Total Cost of Water 19,200.00
Instecticide& Pesticides
75,000.00
Agricultural Services
Visit cost 2,500.00
per month visit 2
Months 12
Total Cost of Agricultural Services 60,000.00
Transportation
Total Cost (0.5/kg) 25,000.00
Labor related Cost
1 individuals @7500 X 12 90,000.00
Packaging
Cucumber
Total Kilograms 50000
Cartons required per 20 kg 2500
Capcicum
Total Kilograms 50000
Cartons required per 20 kg 2500
Rate per Carton 15.00Total Cost 75,000.00
Maintenance 15,000.00
Replacement of Plastics 50,000.00
(every three years )
Other Misc overheads 0.00
Total Expenses 558,200.00
INCOME 135,300.00
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Vanilla is a tropical orchid, cultivated for its pleasant flavor, which
is one of the costliest spices in the international market
Vanilla could be grown even on small plo ts of land and the initial
investment required is small. Today, India stands sixth among the
world's eight vanilla-exporting nations
VANILLA OPTION
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FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Cultivation of Vanilla in Polyhouse - Model Project
Unit Area 1 acre
Spacing between supporting pillars 8' x 6'
No. of plants trailing on one pole 2
Total plant population 2400
Item wise cost capitalized
Year I Year II Year III Total
Qty Rate
Land Development
Land clearing/ levelling etc 10,000.00 10,000.00
Construction of Polyhouse
Shade net (50% shade)- sqm 4200 19.00 79,800.00 79,800.00
Stone pillars (12', 8",4") 200 220.00 44,000.00 44,000.00
Charges for fixing of pillars 200 20.00 4,000.00 4,000.00
Charges for erection of shade net-sqm 4000 3.00 12,000.00 12,000.00
Irrigation structures
Irrigation equipments 30,000.00 30,000.00
Misc equipments 5,000.00 5,000.00
Erection of support system
Stone pillars (7',4",4") 1200 65.00 78,000.00 78,000.00
GI wire for trailing of vines 10,000.00
Erection charges 1200 10.00 12,000.00 12,000.00
Cost of planting materials 2400 60.00 144,000.00 144,000.00
Cost of cultivation till bearing stage
Cost of FYM (tons) 15 1,000.00 15,000.00 15,000.00
Vermi-compost 10 4,000.00 40,000.00 40,000.00
Top dressing 5,000.00 5,000.00 10,000.00
Foliar spray 5,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 25,000.00
Cost of irrigation(Rs 1500 per month) 16,500.00 16,500.00 16,500.00 49,500.00
Labour charges 20,400.00 22,200.00 28,200.00 70,800.00
Total capital cost 515,700.00 53,700.00 59,700.00 629,100.00
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Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Application of manure's & fertiliser/ PP chemicals;training /pruning of vines 40 40 40
Artificial pollination 30 100
Harvesting, grading etc. 30
Total labour days (No.) 40 70 170
Labour charges @ Rs 60 /manday (Rs.) 2,400.00 4,200.00 10,200.00
Permanent labourer - 1 no. @Rs 1500/month 18,000.00 18,000.00 18,000.00
Total
20,400.00
22,200.00
28,200.00
LABOR COST
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Financial Analysis (Vanilla)
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6
Total Cost capitalized (Rs) 515,700.00 53,700.00 59,700.00 65,000.00 65,000.00 65,000.00
No of plants per unit area 2400
Rate per kg of green beans (Rs) 500.00
Economics
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6Income
Yield of fresh beans per vine
(kg) 0.25 0.5 0.75 1
Total yield per acre (kg) 600 1200 1800 2400
Income (Rs) @ 500/kg 300,000.00 600,000.00 900,000.00 1,200,000.00
Maintenance Expenses (Rs) 65,000.00 65,000.00 65,000.00
Net Income (Rs) 300,000.00 535,000.00 835,000.00 1,135,000.00
IRR & B C Ratio
Cost
Capital cost (Rs) 515,700.00 53,700.00 59,700.00
Recurring expenditure (Rs) 65,000.00 65,000.00 65,000.00
Total expenditure (Rs) 515,700.00 53,700.00 59,700.00 65,000.00 65,000.00 65,000.00
Benefit (Rs) 0.00 0.00 300,000.00 600,000.00 900,000.00 1,200,000.00
Net benefit
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515,700.00
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53,700.00
240,300.00
535,000.00
835,000.00
1,135,000.00
CONTINUED
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NATIONAL CENTRE OF ORGANI C FARMING
19, Hapur Road, Near CBI Academy, Ghaziabad -201002 (UP)
Tel. 0120-2764212 Fax 0120-2764901
www.dacnet.nic.in/ncof e-mail:[email protected]
Mr. Y. L. Jagdale , SMS(Horticulture)
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Shardanagar, Malegaon colony, Baramati,
Tal- Baramati , Dist- Pune (Maharashtra) , Pin -413115.
Mob. 9923071265, Off. - 02112/255207/27
E-mail jagdaley@adtbaramati .co m Web www.kvkbaramati .com
Shrushti Hitech & Agriculture Development
Vishwa Empire Office No .47 ,Baramati ,Dist-Pune Maharashtra .Pin-413102
[email protected] / shrushti [email protected] 09403967696,
09890769945
TRAINING PROVIDERS FOR POLYHOUSE
TECHNOLOGY
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]