African American 1865-1970

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Lynching Deaths in the United States

•Movie set during period of military desegregation

President Harry Truman bans racial segregation in the military

•1948

Brown vs. Board of Ed 1954

1950s and 1960sMLK protests

peacefully

Types of Segregation

• De Jure– Racial separation by law– Pre 1954 decision

• De Facto – Racial separation by choice– Now…..

Pitt County Schools…segregated until early 1970s

Slavery in the South….

Who is in the tree ?

• What is holding the

man in the tree up?

-- what does coming “down” out of the tree mean?

54th Massachusetts

From the movie: GLORY

Reconstruction period 1865-1877

15th Amendment: right to vote cannot be denied because of skin color

1877-1960s

Public Schools: separate but UNEQUAL

Lynching …a tool of terror

When were JIM CROW laws in effect??

• Late 1800s to the 1960s in the South

What were Jim Crow Laws…

• “the whole intent of Jim Crow etiquette boiled down to one simple rule: blacks must demonstrate their inferiority to whites by actions, words, and manners.”

Jim Crow ….on the sidewalk

• It was understood that blacks would defer to whites and step off of sidewalks when whites passed

Jim Crow ….out to eat• Blacks could buy food from counters or

windows near the kitchen in restaurants, but were not allowed to eat in “white” restaurants with whites.

Jim Crow at the state fair

State and county fairs often had what were referred to as “colored day,” a day when blacks attended the fair.

Jim Crow…..on buses

• Sections of buses, trains, and other forms of public transportation were designated for blacks and whites

Jim Crow…..movies

• Blacks would buy tickets to movies and other shows through a separate window, enter through a separate door, and sit in the balcony.

Jim Crow….public facilities

• Water fountains, building entrances, and bathrooms had signs designating who could use certain facilities

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• Hospitals, if they treated blacks at all, had separate wards for blacks and whites

Plessey vs. Ferguson, 1896

• Court case said SEPARATE but EQUAL was LEGAL…..

• This made JIM CROW laws ….LEGAL

• Plessey case overturned in 1954 by Brown vs. Board of Education

cover

dedication page

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