After 1812

The American victory over the British in the War of 1812:

1. Produced an American claim to the Oregon Territory

2. Increased migration of American settlers into Florida

The Monroe Doctrine• The American continents should not be considered for

future colonization by any European powers.

• Nations in the Western Hemisphere are republics by nature rather than monarchies.

• USA will stay out of European affairs

• The USA will see any attempt by European powers to force their system on any nation in the Western Hemisphere as a threat.

Westward Economics• Opportunity in the form of land to own and farm• Growth of railroads and canals helped the growth

of an industrial economy

Eli Whitney’s Invention• Cotton Gin led to the spread of the slavery-

based “cotton kingdom” in the Deep South.

Conflict in Texas• Migration into Texas led to an armed revolt against

Mexican rule and a famous battle at the Alamo.

• The Texans’ victory over Mexican forces brought Texas into the Union.

Warm-Up

• In the first half of the 1800’s, the initials “G.T.T.” appeared on houses and mail. Given the migrations of the times, what do you think that meant?

Mexican War

• Intervención Norteamericana en México (North American intervention in Mexico)

• Invasión Estadounidense de México (American Invasion of Mexico)

Mexican WarThe US victory in the Mexican War led to the

acquisition of an enormous territory that included the present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico.

Treaty of Guadeloupe-Hidalgo

• Ended the Mexican War, dictated by USA

• Gave the USA

for $15 Mil

Age of the Common Man

• Heightened emphasis on equality in the political process for adult white males

• The rise of interest group politics and sectional issues

• A changing style of campaigning

• Increased voter participation

Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson personified the “democratic

spirit” of the age by rewarding campaign supporters with public office (Spoils System).

MAP ACTIVITY

• 13 Colonies & Territories

• Louisiana Purchase

• Oregon Territory

• Mexican Cession

• Texas

• Florida

• Gadsden Purchase

• http://www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/educators/md1_power.html

Warm Up

• What do you think of when you hear the terms “common man”?

• Are you and your family part of the “common man”?

• Can you think of someone you know or know of who is not part of the “common man”?

Political Parties

• The Federalist Party disappears.

• Whigs and Know-Nothings, were organized in opposition to the Democratic Party.

Whigs

• Formed in opposition to Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party

• Whigs supported the supremacy of Congress over the Executive Branch

• Favored modernization and economic protectionism

Know-Nothings

• Empowered by popular fears that the country was being overwhelmed by Irish Catholic immigrants

• Tried to curb immigration

Impact on American IndiansAmerica’s “Manifest Destiny” to stretch from

Atlantic to Pacific provided political support for territorial expansion.

Battles with Natives• American Indians were repeatedly defeated

in violent conflicts with settlers and soldiers and forcibly removed from their ancestral homelands.

Indian Removal Act• Called for and signed into law by President

Jackson

• Was supposed to be voluntary, but was violently enforced

Trail of Tears• Native Americans were forced to march far

away from their homes (“Trail of Tears,” when several tribes were relocated from Atlantic Coast states to Oklahoma).

Review Questions

• Who was the president who ordered the removal of American Indians that resulted in the “Trail of Tears?”

• What is the present-day name of the area where most of the American Indians ended up?

• From where did most of the American Indians move?

Warm Up

• Take out the chart you completed last class/homework.

• Look over this chart and make some decisions

• Why did these compromises work/not work?

• Could anything have been changed to make these work?

Review Quiz

• 1. Two political parties emerged in the country in the late 1790s. The Anti-Federalists were led by Thomas Jefferson. The Federalists were led by

• A George Washington.• B Alexander Hamilton.• C John Marshall.• D James Madison.

• 2. The Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison is significant because it• A prohibited states from taxing the federal government.• B allowed for the annexation of the Louisiana Territory.• C authorized the Monroe Doctrine.• D established the power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional.

• 3. The Louisiana Purchase, purchased during the administration of Thomas Jefferson,• A annexed territory formerly held by Spain.• B was strongly opposed by Mexico.• C doubled the size of the United States.• D included land in present day Arizona.

• 4. The Articles of Confederation was unsuccessful as a government system because

• A It established a common currency.• B It established a balance of power between national and state

governments.• C It established a weak national government.• D It established state representation in the national legislature by

population.

• 5. The Three-Fifths Compromise was established to• A satisfy the concern of New England states.• B ensure representation for western territories.• C allow for representation of new immigrants.• D address the concern of southern states.

• 6. The author of the Bill of Rights and the “Virginia Plan” proposing a federal government with three branches was

• A Thomas Jefferson.• B George Washington.• C James Madison.• D Patrick Henry.•  • 7. The concepts used when drafting the Bill of Rights were derived from which of the following

documents?• A Virginia Declaration of Rights and Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom• B Magna Carta and Mayflower Compact• C Declaration of Independence and Common Sense• D Articles of Confederation and Proclamation of 1763

• 8. Which of the following groups opposed the Bill of Rights because it was believed the Constitution protected basic rights?

• A Patriots• B Anti-Federalists• C Loyalist• D Federalists

• 9. The Enlightenment philosopher, John Locke, influenced the American belief in self-government through his writing that

• A encouraged the British government to permit the American colonists to vote.

• B kings ruled through divine right.• C people need the elite to determine the best form of government.• D power resides in the people and they consent to a form of government.

• 10. The following English immigrant challenged the rule of the American colonies by the King of England in a pamphlet known as Common Sense.

• A Patrick Henry• B Thomas Paine• C Benjamin Franklin• D Paul Revere

• 11. The French and Indian War was the result of rivalry between• A France and Great Britain.• B France and Canada.• C France and Spain.• D France and the Native Americans (First Americans).•  • 12. The American Revolution began with a battle between British and colonial troops at• A Bunker Hill.• B Lexington and Concord.• C Saratoga.• D Boston and Yorktown.• 13. The contribution of the following country’s army and navy helped the colonists win

the American Revolution:• A Germany• B France• C Portugal• D Russia

• 14. Most individuals settling in Virginia were

• A relocated prisoners.

• B nobility seeking adventure.

• C seeking economic opportunities.

• D Christian missionaries.

• 15.

Which of the following groups settled New England?A PuritansB CavaliersC DutchD Germans