Agenda for Class 9/26/2013

• Introduce Microsoft’s SQL Server database management system.

• Use the lab to discuss how to CREATE, DROP and populate (INSERT) tables.

• Introduce SELECT statement.

• We will review the basic concepts together and create 1 table as a class. Then you will finish the rest of the lab at your own speed during class.

Accessing SQL Server

• Login to COB server (use your netID).• Accessing from COB labs:

– Execute Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio.

• Accessing from home:– Execute Remote Desktop Connection. – Login to server called sts.coba.unr.edu

• Use your netID as the User name and password.• When not in the COB labs, your netID for Windows

authentication is UNR\netID.

– Execute Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio.

Logging into the class server for SQL Server

• After executing SQL Server Management Studio, either directly when in the COB labs, or through remote desktop when not in the COB labs, you must login to our class server.– Server name is ISSQL\Students

• Use Windows authentication for all work on SQL Server.

SQL Server Management Studio

• Object Explorer• New Query editor• Options • File Tabs• Difference between database object and SQL code• Accessing files from the k: or u: drives• Saving SQL code to/from a separate file

5

• SQL statements start with a command, and then include few or many modifiers/extensions for the command.

• SQL statements are not case sensitive.• The data stored in a data base ARE case sensitive.• SQL statements can span more than one physical

line; it is a free form language.• SQL keywords cannot be abbreviated or split

across lines.

Guidelines for writing SQL

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• Keywords and/or main clauses are typically placed on separate lines.

• Tabs and indentation are used to enhance readability.

• Keywords are typically aligned in the first column.

• Keywords are usually capitalized.• Data are usually in lowercase or a combination of

uppercase and lowercase.• Comments are included sparingly, but usefully.

Much tradition in SQL code

Class Exercise Database

Referential integrity: Table constraint. When inserting data in the child table, checks to see whether a related row exists in the parent table.

Vendor

PK VendorID

VendorName FirstBuyDate

RawMaterial

PK MaterialID

Description UnitOfMeasure StandardPrice

VendorMaterial

PK,FK1 VendorIDPK,FK2 MaterialID

CurrentPrice

MaterialLocation

PK,FK1 VendorIDPK,FK1 MaterialIDPK LocationID

QuantityOnHand

provides is offered

is located

Let’s create a small table

• Click on the “new query” button. This is “task #1” on the exercise document.

• Type the following:

CREATE TABLE tblVendor(VendorID char(4) primary key, VendortName varchar(30), FirstBuyDate datetime);

• Click on the “Execute” button.

Deleting a table

• Cannot have more than one data object with the same name.

• Must delete data objects before re-creating them.

• SQL Statement is:

DROP TABLE tblVendor;

• Let’s try and drop the table named tblVendor. Keep the current query tab open, and open another “new query” tab. Drop the table. This is task #2 on the exercise.

• General information: Must delete objects in the order of referential integrity constraints.

Create a named constraint

• Constraints can be “named” in SQL for easier future reference. This is task #3 on the exercise.

CREATE TABLE tblVendor(VendorID char(4), VendorName varchar(30), FirstBuyDate datetime CONSTRAINT pkVendor PRIMARY KEY (vendorID));

• Constraint names may be referenced in the future if they need to be changed (altered).

• Easier to reference a name that you create, rather than one that SQL Server creates for you.

SQL INSERT Statement

• Used to “populate” a table with data.• Used to enter one row of data.• Character data and dates must be entered

surrounded by single quotes.• Dates can be entered using a variety of formats:

– ‘26-sep-2013’– ‘09/26/2013’– ‘09-26-2013’

Let’s put data into that table

• Click on the “new query” button.• Type the SQL statements on Task #4 on the exercise

document. Each command will produce one row in the table called “tblVendor”.

Let’s look at the data

• Click on the “new query” button.• The SQL statement below is task #5 on the

exercise document.

SELECT *FROM tblVendor;

Examples of Retrieving Data from a Table

SELECT * FROM tblVendor;

SELECT VendorID, VendorName

FROM tblVendorWHERE VendorID = ‘0062’;

The * means retrieve all columns.

The FROM statement, without a WHERE statement, means retrieve all rows.

Now create the other three tables in the sample ERD

Do tasks #6 through #10 on the exercise document.

Sharing tables with your team

• You are the owner of your database.• You have the right to GRANT access to your database.• There is a handout on the class website discussing how to

change permissions, and we will discuss it next class.• Best practice for right now:

– Create and populate the tables in each group member’s database. The data for HW#5-8 is relatively static, so it will lessen the complexity of the assignments if everyone has direct access to the tables.

– Each class member should get experience creating and populating tables in his/her own database, even when working as part of a team.