agenda item 11 (b) cx/rvdf 06/16/13 (part 1) october 2005 ... · cx/rvdf 06/16/13, part 1 2 3. the...
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* To be confirmed
Agenda Item 11 (b) CX/RVDF 06/16/13 (Part 1) October 2005
JOINT FAO/WHO FOOD STANDARDS PROGRAMME
CODEX COMMITTEE ON RESIDUES OF VETERINARY DRUGS IN FOODS Sixteenth Session
Cancun, Quintana Roo*, Mexico, 8 -12 May 2006
REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON RESIDUES OF VETERINARY DRUGS WITHOUT ADI/MRL
Document prepared by the European Community, with the assistance of Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, Thailand,
United States and IFAH
1. The 15th CCRVDF agreed to establish a Working Group to develop recommendations on how to deal with compounds without an ADI or MRL. To this end CL 2004/50-RVDF part C requested the following information from Codex members (reply by 28 February 2005):
a. all compounds with no Codex MRLs used at the national level for food producing animals, and compounds in use that raise health concerns,
b. compounds in use that create trade problems,
c. compounds recommended for inclusion in a prohibited use (negative) list, and the reason for the inclusion in that list, and
d. other tolerances or applications of an analytical limit of detection or determination.
Description and purpose of the task of the working group
2. The purpose of the working group was to address two issues which had been raised in earlier CCRVDF meetings:
- The trade difficulties arising from the residues of substances whose residues raise consumer health concerns due to their toxicity and which should therefore not be used as veterinary drugs (see e.g. ALINORM 03/31 para. 70, ALINORM 05/15).
- The availability of veterinary drugs for the treatment of food producing animals in those member countries that largely rely on the Codex safety evaluation (see e.g. ALINORM 03/31 para. 84) and to increase the number of veterinary drugs recommended as safe for use by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.
Moreover the working group was asked to consider the recommendations of the Joint FAO/WHO Technical Workshop on Residues of Veterinary Drugs without ADI/MRL (Bangkok, 24 – 26 August 2004) addressed to the Codex Alimentarius Commission.
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3. The 15th CCRVDF asked the Working Group to carry out the following tasks1:
- Establish two lists of compounds:
- all compounds used at the national level for which no Codex MRLs exist and
- all compounds of concern for health protection or trade issues;
- Establish criteria for prioritizing all listed compounds;
- Prioritise the listed compounds for future consideration;
- Develop recommendations on how to proceed with consideration of the priority list;
- Discuss the proposed recommendations with the JECFA Secretariat and consider how these relate to the outcomes of the JECFA consideration of the recommendations of the Bangkok FAO/WHO Technical Workshop;
- As necessary, consider other risk management options to address compounds for which an ADI cannot be set due to lack of data or where JECFA has concerns for the compound; and
- Develop a timetable for action on prioritized compound.
4. The goal is to prepare a paper for consideration of the 16th Session of the Committee through the ad hoc Working Group on Priorities.
Working Group Activities
5. Comments on CL 2004/50-RVDF were received from Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, the European Community, Sweden and the United States2. Additionally, the working group obtained the SPS notifications of Costa Rica and El Salvador as well as the information on prohibited compounds on the homepage of the New Zealand Food Safety Authority3.
6. The draft was revised based on comments received and a new document sent out on 13 May 2005 with a request for comments by 15 July 2005. This mailing was updated twice in order to include additional contributions from Australia and Costa Rica on 3 and 17 June 2005 respectively. The mailing contained a discussion document, asking 10 specific questions, and two annexes (a list of all veterinary drugs in use and a list of veterinary drugs prohibited in at least one Codex member).
7. Comments on the mailing of 13 May 2005 were received from Australia, Denmark, the Netherlands, Korea, Sweden, Thailand, the United Kingdom, the United States and IFAH.
8. The majority of working group members also wished to hold a physical meeting. Therefore, an informal meeting was convened on 15 September 2005 in Brussels.
9. The comments received on the 13 May 2005 mailing were included in a revised document that was circulated to working group members on 22 August 2005 for comments by 7 September 2005.
10. The working group also considered an SPS notification by Japan4 describing a national procedure to establish MRLs on the basis of evaluations performed outside of the national regulatory authority.
11. The comments received were considered in the 15 September 2005 informal meeting of the working group and the document was revised accordingly in the meeting. The revised document was circulated to working group members participating in the meeting on 16 September 2005 for comments by 23 September 2005. The updated document was circulated to all working group members on 29 September 2005 for comments by 19 October 2005. A revised document was sent to the Codex secretariat on 21 October 2005.
1 see report 15th CCRVDF/ALINORM 05/31 para. 175 2 See CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 2 (for information) 3 available at: http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/acvm/subject/vet/prohibited.htm 4 G/SPS/N/JPN/145 available at: http://docsonline.wto.org/
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Issues for consideration by the ad hoc Working Group on Priorities and the 16th CCRVDF
Veterinary drugs used at the national level for which no Codex MRLs exist
12. To identify the veterinary drugs used in food producing animals, it appears necessary to consider all substances (compounds) addressed in national/regional legislation.
13. It is reiterated that “veterinary drug” is defined in the 14th Codex Procedural Manual (p. 44) as “any substance applied or administered to any food producing animal, such as meat or milk producing animals, poultry, fish or bees, whether used for therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic purposes or for modification of physiological functions or behaviour”. For this reason the term ‘veterinary drug’ has been used in most cases, even though the terms ‘veterinary drug’, ‘substance’ or ‘compound’ may in this context be used synonymously.
14. The attached “List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals” (Annex I) has been assembled from the information mentioned above. The list is an attempt to identify those veterinary drugs used or likely to be used in food producing animals.
15. In compiling the list, it was postulated that veterinary drugs can be used for at least one purpose/species legally if they have been evaluated for use in food producing animals with the result that
- an MRL was set, or
- a decision was made that an MRL was not necessary.
In contrast if a compound is expressly prohibited in a member country or has been assigned an analytical performance limit (APL) only, it was presumed that there may be concern regarding the safety and/or misuse of the compound.
16. Moreover for completeness and transparency, veterinary drugs for which Codex MRLs exist have been included in Annex I.
Veterinary drugs of concern as regards consumer health protection or trade issues
17. The attached “List of Veterinary drugs of concern as regards consumer health protection or trade” (Annex II) has been assembled from the information mentioned above.
18. It lists those veterinary drugs that are either:
- entirely prohibited or not tolerated by at least one Codex member due to health concerns as they have a potential to create trade problems, or
- considered by working group members to present health concerns, and
- considered by working group members to present trade problems.
Where possible, the concern connected to the veterinary drug has been indicated.
19. It needs to be reiterated in relation to the last indent in para. 18 above that trade issues arise if legislation on the use of approved or permitted veterinary drugs differs between importing and exporting countries and, in particular, if the detection of residues of a veterinary drug leads to rejection of consignments at import that would be compliant in the country of origin. Differences in the legislation on the use of veterinary drugs may be linked to differences in:
- appreciation of the toxicity or other risks (e.g. pharmacological effects or development of antimicrobial resistance) of veterinary drugs,
- use patterns,
- rules on extra label/off label use,
- levels of consumer protection,
- societal values,
- enforcement rules,
- approaches to prevent unauthorised use,
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or combinations of the above.
20. Trade problems have also occurred where national MRLs are not identical to Codex MRLs, or to those of other Codex members.
21. In summary it needs to be stressed that it is only possible to assemble an indicative list of veterinary drugs creating trade problems. The list should be updated regularly.
Criteria for prioritizing all listed compounds/veterinary drugs for JECFA evaluation/re-evaluation
22. Bearing in mind that the protection of human health and ensuring fair practices in trade are major objectives of Codex, the prioritisation of veterinary drugs for further JCFA/re-evaluation should consider the following aspects: necessity for the treatment and prevention of disease in animals, agronomic impact, and data/evaluation availability. It is in this respect reiterated that protection of consumer health and ensuring fair practices in trade are main Codex objectives.
Consumer health protection
23. Veterinary drugs used in food producing animals, but completely prohibited by at least one Codex member for reasons related to consumer health, should be given priority using a risk based approach. Public health concerns may relate not only to the inherent toxicity of the drug and its effects on human gut flora, but also to the potential for misuse.
Trade concerns
24. Trade disruptions may occur when food safety decisions differ between countries leading to a number of problems including rejection of consignments due to the detection of residues, added compliance costs in the exporting country to meet the different requirements or complete cessation of trade. Priority should be given to evaluation of those veterinary drugs that have led to the rejection of consignments in the past.
Necessity for the treatment of animals
25. Priority should be given to the evaluation of veterinary drugs that are needed to avoid unnecessary suffering or disease in animals (i.e. morbidity and mortality). Moreover those veterinary drugs that are needed by Codex member that rely on the Codex safety evaluation should be given priority. Additionally the extent to which the substances are used for the treatment of animals should be considered.
Agronomic impact
26. The availability of veterinary drugs can have a profound impact on the agricultural economy of Codex members. In consequence, consideration should be given to the economic impact of the use or non-use of a veterinary drug and the extent of its use when weighing the risks against the benefits in risk management decisions, including the prioritisation of these drugs for further consideration.
Availability of data and/or evaluation
27. Priority should be given to the evaluation of veterinary drugs for which sufficient data are available to support a decision on their use in food producing animals. Annex I provides indications as to what substances have been evaluated in which country/region. Hence veterinary drugs already evaluated according to procedures similar to those employed by JECFA/CCRVDF at national/regional level should be given priority. Veterinary drugs can only be evaluated for use in food producing animals if sufficient data is available. Therefore, subject to the previous criteria being satisfied, priority should be given to the evaluations of drugs which have already been evaluated at national/regional level employing procedures similar to those used by JECFA/CCRVDF. However, where there is insufficient data to support the safe use of a particular substance in food producing animals, consideration could be given to a recommendation to not use the substance and the establishment of an appropriate analytical performance limit (APL) for the substance.
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Priority list of veterinary drugs for future consideration
28. On the basis of the criteria provided in paragraphs 24 through 27 above, veterinary drugs should be included in a priority list for future evaluation or re-evaluation by the JECFA. The list should present information on the respective veterinary drugs’ characteristics in relation to the above mentioned criteria. A first list of veterinary drugs that were suggested for such a priority list has been assembled (Annex III). The finalised priority list should identify:
- substances proposed to JECFA to consider whether it can be concluded that they should not be used in food producing animals due to concerns linked to their human health risk and
- substances proposed for JECFA evaluation/re-evaluation with the aim of enhancing the availability of veterinary drugs for the treatment of food producing animals.
29. The veterinary drugs listed in the current Annex III are a starting point for a Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA at the 16th CCRVDF. Annex III should be futher developed before and during the 16th CCRVDF meeting by all Codex members.
30. Veterinary drugs recommended for use on the draft priority list are proposed for inclusion into the existing list of veterinary drugs that have been evaluated by Codex (Status of Maximum Residue Limits for Veterinary Drugs in Food5) on a temporary basis and indicating the different basis for their inclusion.
31. Concerning veterinary drugs that should not be used in food producing animals, the fact that a substance is prohibited for use by one or more Codex members due to consumer health concerns can be used as a starting point for the identification of candidates for such a list. These veterinary drugs have been included in Annex III. However, this criterion alone is insufficient and unsatisfactory for a final Codex list. Additional considerations should be made for each veterinary drug in order to identify the criteria for recommending a ban.
32. It is evident that these criteria should be based on scientific considerations that address both toxicology (hazard) and residue (exposure) issues. They should nevertheless also allow for some flexibility in order allow the risk and the benefit evaluation of the use of a veterinary drug. Therefore, for those veterinary drugs for which an ADI or MRL cannot be established it is recommended that JECFA considers approaches that will provide an estimate of the risk posed to the human consumer through the use of each of these drugs in food producing animals. Such an approach will assist the CCRVDF in risk management decisions regarding the use of these veterinary drugs.
Discussion of the proposed recommendations with the JECFA Secretariat and consideration of the recommendations of the Bangkok FAO/WHO Technical Workshop
33. The Bangkok FAO/WHO Technical Workshop recommendations may be re-ordered and summarised as follows:
a. Veterinary drugs whose residues are generally recognized as highly toxic and which should not be used as veterinary drugs must be addressed by the Codex Alimentarius. CCRVDF should identify those veterinary drugs and develop a policy that aims to ensure that they are not used in food animal production. Such a policy should include the recommendation of analytical performance limits for the determination of residues of those veterinary drugs.
b. Codex should develop an approach and timetable to allow completion of the work on MRLs within 10 years for those substances which have been evaluated by national governments and are legally used in many countries but which have no Codex MRL.
c. As one approach to address the work on MRLs, Codex should consider temporary MRLs that are based on national/regional MRLs and their accompanying assessment reports that have been adopted using a procedure that applies risk assessment principles. Codex will need to address how to reconcile differences for veterinary drugs with more than one national/regional MRL. This list of temporary MRLs should be valid for a certain time period (to be determined by Codex). A temporary MRL on this list should subsequently be made permanent if
− no comments have been received that put the original risk assessment into question, or
5 provided as handout at the 15th CCRVDF and also available in database format at: http://faostat.fao.org/faostat/
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− JECFA was able to establish an ADI based on review of the underlying data and to propose an MRL.
Substances that do not meet either of these conditions should be moved to a list of veterinary drugs not to be used in food animals. If comments have been received that put the original risk assessment into question, the veterinary drug may be referred to JECFA for further evaluation.
d. For those substances for which it is not possible or practical to establish an ADI or MRL, Codex should work in conjunction with JECFA6 to consider alternative risk assessment tools such as :
− margin of exposure,
− threshold of toxicological concern,
− statistical approaches.
Using tools such as these, JECFA should develop an estimate of the risks associated with the anticipated exposure of consumers to residues of the veterinary drug in food. This procedure should, if possible, result in risk assessment that may be used by the CCRVDF in order to assist in risk management decisions by the CCRVDF and national regulatory authorities.
34. The recommendations above can be translated into the following project elements:
a. Identification of a priority list of veterinary drugs to be evaluated or re-evaluated by JECFA (proposal see above and Annex III).
− Agreement at the 16th CCRDVF approach to and on format of Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA.
− Agreement at the 17th CCRDVF (and as appropriate at later CCRDVF sessions) on the priority of veterinary drugs to be proposed to JECFA for evaluation or re-evaluation until all veterinary drugs in Annex I have been addressed.
− Agreement at the 17th CCRDVF (and as appropriate re-consideration at later CCRDVF sessions) on a procedure for the identification and provision of the necessary data as well as on an alternative risk assessment policy. This policy would have to describe how to proceed with veterinary drugs:
i. to be recommended for prohibition and to set criteria and agree on a procedure to establish control limits (possibly linked to other risk management options – see also para. 45 below) that facilitate international trade and
ii. that may acceptably be used in food producing animals. This would include a procedure to accept evaluations performed outside the Codex system as a temporary measure.
35. The detailed elaboration of an alternative risk assessment policy would fall under the scope of the Discussion Paper on Risk Management Methodologies, Including Risk Assessment Policies in the Codex Committee on Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods developed under the chairmanship of France7. The recommendations of the 2005 Bangkok FAO/WHO Technical Workshop regarding alternative approaches to risk assessment for veterinary drugs other than the establishment of an ADI and MRL should be considered by this working group.
36. One recommendation of the Bangkok meeting was that JECFA may be asked whether MRLs could be set for all food producing species in order to increase the availability of veterinary drugs for food producing animals. If this is not possible, JECFA could be asked for suggestions on how the scope of MRLs can be enlarged by extrapolation.
6 JECFA intends elaborate on these points at its next meeting in February 2006 in order to provide
recommendations to CCRVF on what is needed to implement such proposals 7 JECFA will consider this issue from a scientific perspective at its next meeting (personal communication from
the JECFA Secretariat to chairperson this working group)
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37. It was however noted that in addition to residue and metabolism data the setting of MRLs requires consideration of Good Practice in the Use of Veterinary Drugs8 that may not be available in all food producing species. JECFA can according to its current risk assessment policy only propose MRLs when relevant data are submitted because MRLs are derived from residue studies in the specific species and tissue in question. Extrapolations need to be based on some data. Hence JECFA can only respond to such a request if relevant data are publicly available or are submitted. Extrapolation to species other than those for which data are provided would have to follow an alternative risk assessment policy agreed by the CCRVDF.
38. Concerning the procedure to consider evaluations performed outside the Codex system as a temporary measure, it is proposed to implement a procedure suggested by the Joint FAO/WHO Technical Workshop on Residues of Substances without ADI/MRL in Food and similar to that suggested for implementation in Japan9: For veterinary drugs without Codex status (JECFA evaluation) results from outside the Codex system (i.e. of member countries) will be proposed for adoption. Codex will consider how to resolve differences when veterinary drugs have multiple ADIs or MRLs from national/regional authorities. The procedure would be based on the presumption that:
- Codex members apply their standards not only to domestic products but also to imports,
- the standards have been based on scientific considerations,
- the MRLs would be provisional.
39. A similar procedure could be applied for control limits (i.e. analytical performance limits -APL). They would also have to be linked to a basic toxicological evaluation and the agreement on parameters of appropriate analytical methods (agreed analytical performance limits). The latter may be further developed by the Ad hoc Working Group on Methods of Analysis and Sampling.
40. It may have to be clarified with the Codex Alimentarius Commission or the Executive Committee whether this is in line with the Working Principles for Risk Analysis for Application in the Framework of Codex Alimentarius10 and in particular para. 10 thereof which reads: “When there is evidence that a risk to human health exists but scientific data are insufficient or incomplete, the Codex Alimentarius Commission should not proceed to elaborate a standard but should consider elaborating a related text, such as a code of practice, provided that such a text would be supported by the available scientific evidence.”
41. A process following a similar approach as suggested by the present document has been initiated by CCPR as regards interim MRLs based on national legislation as a pilot project aimed at replacing more hazardous compounds with newer safer pesticides11.
42. The initial list of temporary/operative MRLs adopted in application of the alternative risk assessment procedure is to be valid for a certain time period only [e.g. 15 years]. Thereafter MRLs/Codex status should be adopted without time limitation, if either of the following conditions are met:
- no comments have been received from Codex members that put the original risk assessment into question, or
- JECFA considered the veterinary drug and was able to establish an ADI and to propose an MRL.
43. Veterinary drugs which do not fulfil either of these conditions should be moved to a list of veterinary drugs recommended as not to be used in food animals.
44. If JECFA considered the veterinary drug and was not able to establish an ADI and propose an MRL, JECFA should clearly identify the knowledge/data gaps including the risk associated with them and provide a risk assessment that estimates the risk to the consumer posed by residues of the veterinary drug in food.
8 GPVD is the official recommended or authorized usage including withdrawal periods, approved by national
authorities, of veterinary drugs under practical conditions (14th Codex Procedural Manual p. 45) 9 see SPS notification G/SPS/N/JPN/145 available at: http://docsonline.wto.org/ or
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/mrls/final/index.html) 10 see Codex Procedural Manual, page 101-107 at: ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/ProcManuals/Manual14e.pdf 11 see ALINORM 05/28/24 paras 189 - 203 available at: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/web/reports
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Other risk management options
45. Risk management options other than setting MRLs fall under the scope of national regulatory programmes. They should be taken up in the revision of the Codex Guidelines for the Establishment of a Regulatory Programme for Control of Veterinary Drugs Residues12. They may consist of, e.g., the following measures:
- Recommendation of complete prohibition of the use of veterinary drugs that have been shown as not being suitable for use in food producing animals by Codex members.
- Recommendation of restriction of the use of the veterinary drug to specific indications and/or production groups and/or species, including, e.g., prohibition of extra label/off label use by Codex members. Here it may also be considered whether the option chosen in the Codex MRL list for Clenbuterol is a viable solution: “Due to the potential abuse of this drug, the MRLs are recommended only when associated with a nationally approved therapeutic use, such as tocolysis or as an adjunct therapy in respiratory disease”.
Timetable for action on prioritized veterinary drugs
46. On the basis of the discussion above, the following proposal for a timetable is made:
16th CCRDVF
- agree on format of draft Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA
- identify issues that have to be addressed by:
- JECFA
- in new Risk Management Methodologies, Including Risk Assessment Policies in the Codex Committee on Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods (WG chaired by France)
- in the Codex Guidelines for the Establishment of a Regulatory Programme for Control of Veterinary Drugs Residues
17th CCRDVF
- adopt first priority list of veterinary drugs
- agree on outlines of an alternative risk assessment policy
- agree on approach based on APLs
JECFA meeting
- evaluate veterinary drugs on first priority list
- make proposals for further definition of the alternative risk assessment policy
18th CCRDVF
- adopt second priority list of veterinary drugs
- agree on an alternative risk assessment policy including criteria for veterinary drugs for whom the prohibition of use in food producing animals is recommended to Codex members
- adopt proposal for CAC for temporary MRLs/APLs on the basis of JECFA’s evaluation of the first priority list and set time limit for their validity
- adopt proposal for CAC for a list of veterinary drugs not to be used in food animals
JECFA meeting
- evaluate veterinary drugs on priority list
- make, if considered necessary by 17th CCRDVF, further proposals for futher definition of the alternative risk assessment policy
[X]th CCRDVF
- agree on MRLs/Codex status without time limitation and veterinary drug to be moved to the list of veterinary drugs recommended not to be not to be used in food animals.
12 (see report of 15th CCRVDF/ALINORM 05/28/31Paras 117-122)
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Annex I to CCRVDF Working Group document to develop recommendations on veterinary drugs without MRL or ADI
List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
Explanations:
This list has been assembled using information provided by working group members, available on the Internet and through SPS notifications.
MRLs have generally not been distinguished according to species. This has been done firstly, because this would have rendered the table incredibly complex and secondly because Codex members allow extra label/off label use of substances that have been evaluated for other species.
In Australia and New Zealand veterinary drugs and pesticides are covered by the same legislation.
In Canada ‘no MRL’ means no detectable residue by the recommended analtytical method or no MRL is required (e.g. endogenous substances).
Costa Rica allows use of compounds with Codex MRLs if not in Codex list accepts US MRLs, if no US, EU MRLs
In the European Union, veterinary drugs fall under two legal categories: veterinary medicinal products and feed additives. The use of antimicrobials as feed additives will be generally prohibited from 2006 onwards. The use of hormones for growth promotion is generally prohibited. ‘Restricted’ on other substances means no off-label use permitted for the substance.
The substance listing for Japan needs verification as the information has been taken from SPS notifications. Japan considers disinfectants veterinary drugs (these have however not been considered in this list)
In the United States ‘prohibited’ means prohibited from extra label use. ‘Permitted tolerance’ means a tolerance level other than an MRL or APL has been set for endogenous substances. Enrofloxacin is prohibited for use in poultry only.
Abbreviations APL = analytical performance limit MRL = maximum residue limit ADI = acceptable daily intake SPS = Agreement on the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures
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Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Abamectin
anthelminthic, antiprotozoan, insecticide
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Absinthium extract
herbal remedy permitted, no MRL
Acacia catechu permitted, no MRL
Acepromazine tranquilizer permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Acetyl cysteine mucolytic permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Acetaminophen permitted, no MRL
Acetanilide permitted,no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Acetylamino-5-nitrothiazole (2-)
permitted, MRL
Acetylisovaleryl-tylosin,
antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted
Acetylmethionine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Acetylsalicylic acid
vitamine permitted,no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Acetylsalicylic acid DL-lysine
permitted, no MRL
Adenosine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Adonis vernalis permitted, no MRL
Adrenocortical extract
permitted, no MRL
Aesculus hippocastanum
permitted, no MRL
Agnus castus permitted, no MRL
Ailanthus altissima
permitted, no MRL
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Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Aklomide anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted permitted, MRL
Alanine alfacalcidol
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Albendazole (oxide)
anthelminthic antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Alfaprostol permitted, no MRL
Allantoin permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Allium cepa permitted, no MRL
Aloes, Aloe vera gel and whole leaf extract of Aloe vera, Aloes Barbados and Capae
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Alpha-cypermethrin
insecticide yes, MRL + JECFA, CCRVDF Step 6
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Alphamethrin insecticide permitted, no MRL
Altrenogest hormone permitted, MRL
permitted.MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Aluminium distearate
permitted, no MRL
Aluminium hydroxide
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Aluminium hydroxide acetate
permitted, no MRL
Aluminium monostearate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Aluminium phosphate
permitted, no MRL
Aluminium salicylate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
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Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Aluminium silicate
permitted, no MRL
Aluminium tristearate
permitted, no MRL
Amikacin sulfate permitted, no MRL
Aminoethanol [2-aminoethanol] (ethanolamine)
permitted, no MRL
Aminoethanol glucoronate (2-Aminoethanol glucoronate)
permitted, no MRL
Aminoethyl dihydro-genphosphate [2-Aminoethyl dihydrogenphosphate]
permitted, no MRL
Amitraz insecticide
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Ammonium chloride
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Ammonium lauryl sulphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Ammonium sulfate
permitted, no MRL
Amoxicillin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Ampicillin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Amprolium antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted,MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Anacolin permitted, no MRL
Androstone hormone permitted, no MRL
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Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Angelicae radix aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Anisi aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Anisi stellati fructus standardised extracts and preparations thereof
permitted, no MRL
Antipyrine permitted, no MRL
Apocynum cannabinum
permitted, no MRL
Apramycin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL, ovine, porcine, chicken, rabbits:, permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Apricot fragrance permitted, no MRL
Aqua levici permitted, no MRL
Arecoline hydrobrimide
permitted, no MRL
Arginine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Aristrolochia spp and preparations thereof
prohibited
permitted, no MRL
Arnicae montana permitted, no MRL
Arnicae radix permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
14
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Arsanilic acid/arsenic
permitted,MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
prohibited
permitted, MRL
Artemisia abrotanum
permitted, no MRL
Asparginine permitted, no MRL
Aspartic acid permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Aspergillus oryzae
permitted, no MRL
Aspoxicillin antibiotic permitted Atherol permitted,
no MRL
Atipamezol permitted, no MRL
Atropa belladonna
permitted, no MRL
Atropine muscarinic blocking agent
permitted,no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Azagly-nafarelin permitted, no MRL
Avilamycin antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
Avoparcin antimicrobial permitted, MRL
prohibited
permitted, no MRL
Azamethiphos permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Azaparone/azaperone
tranquilizer yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted,no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Azaperol APL Bacitracin antimicrobial permitted,
MRL permitted,no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL(milk), no MRL (meat)
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Balsamum peruvianum
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
15
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Baquiloprim antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted
Barium selenate permitted, no MRL
Beclomethasone dipropionate
permitted, no MRL
Bellis perennis permitted, no MRL
Benzalkonium chloride
permitted,no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Benzocaine permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Benzyl alcohol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Benzyl benzoate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Benzylpenicillin (see also Procain-Benzylp.)
antibiotic yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted,MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Benzyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
permitted, no MRL
Beta sympathomimetic agents (β-agonists) other than clenbuterol
β-agonist prohibited
NZ: prohibited
Betaine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Betaine glucoronat
permitted, no MRL
Betamethasone steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted
Bicozamycin antibiotic permitted Biotin permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL
Bithionol anthelminthic antiprotozoan
permitted
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
16
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Bismuth subcarbonate
permitted, no MRL
Bismuth subgallate
permitted, no MRL
Bismuth subnitrate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Bismuth subsalicylate
permitted, no MRL
Bituminosulfonates ammonium and sodium salts
permitted, no MRL
Boldo folium permitted, no MRL
Boric acid and borates
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Bovine somatotropin
hormone yes, MRL not specified
permitted prohibited for animals welfare reasons
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Brombuterol APL Bromhexine permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL
Bromide sodium salt
permitted, no MRL
Bromofenofos anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted
Bronopol antimicrobial permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Brotizolam sedative, hypnotic
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Buquinolate antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Buserelin hormone (lhrh)-agonist
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Butafosfan phosphorus replacement
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Butane [n- permitted,
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
17
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Butane] no MRL Butanol [n-Butanol]
permitted, no MRL
Butorphanol tartrate
permitted, no MRL
Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Butylscopolaminium bromide
permitted, no MRL
Caffeine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium acetate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium aspartate permitted, no MRL
Calcium benzoate permitted, no MRL
Calcium borogluconate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium carbonate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium chloride permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium citrate permitted, no MRL
Calcium glucoheptonate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium glucolactate
permitted, no MRL
Calcium gluconate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium gluconogluco-heptonate
permitted, no MRL
Calcium glutamate
permitted, no MRL
Calcium glycerophosphate
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
18
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Calcium hydroxide
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium hypophosphite
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium maleate permitted, no MRL
Calcium oxide permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium pantothenate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium phosphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium polyphosphates
permitted, no MRL
Calcium propionate alcium silicate
permitted, no MRL
Calcium stearate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Calcium sulphate permitted, no MRL
Calendula officinalis
permitted, no MRL
Calendulae flos permitted, no MRL
Camphor permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Camphora permitted, no MRL
Capsici fructus permitted, no MRL
Carazolol production aid yes, MRL APL permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Carbadox yes, but JECFA recommended withdrawa
proposing regulatory amendment to ban
permitted prohibited
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
19
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
l Carbasalate calcium
permitted, no MRL
Carbendazim APL Carbetamide permitted,
MRL
Carbetocin hormone permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Carbomycin antibiotic permitted, tolerance zero
Cardamom extract
permitted, no MRL
Cardiospermum halicacabum
permitted, no MRL
Carlinae radix permitted, no MRL
Carnitine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Carprofen nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
permitted, MRL
permitted
Carvi aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Caryophylli aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Cefacetrile antibiotic permitted permitted, MRL (milk), permitted, no MRL (meat)
permitted, no MRL
Cefalexin antibiotic permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
20
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Cefalonium antibiotic permitted, milk, MRL(milk), permitted, no MRL (meat)
permitted permitted, no MRL
Cefapirin antibiotic permitted,MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Cefazolin antibiotic permitted, milk, MRL(milk), permitted, no MRL(meat)
permitted permitted, no MRL
Cefoperazone antibiotic permitted permitted, MRL (milk), permitted, no MRL (meat)
permitted permitted, no MRL
Cefquinome antibiotic permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Ceftiofur antibiotic yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted,MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL pigs, poultry sheep: permitted, no MRL
Cefuroxime antibiotic yes, MRL, JECFA milk
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
Centellae asiaticae extractum
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
21
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Cephalonium antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cephapirin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Cetostearyl alcohol
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cetrimide permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Chloramphenicol JECFA could no safe limit
prohibited APL
prohibited
prohibited APL
prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
Chlorhexidine disinfectant permitted, MRL
permitted,no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Chlormadinone/ Chlormadinone acetate
hormone APL permitted, MRL
permitted
Chlorobutanol permitted,no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Chlorocresol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Chloroform prohibited
permitted, no MRL
prohibited
Chlorphenamine permitted, no MRL
Chlorpirifos: permitted permitted, MRL
Chlorpromazine JECFA APL prohibited
prohibited
Chlortetracycline yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted,MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Choline permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Chrysanthemi cinerarifolii flos
permitted, no MRL
Chymotrypsin permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
22
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Cimaterol APL Cimicifugae racemosae rhizoma
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cinchonae cortex standardised extracts and preparations thereof
permitted, no MRL
Cinnamomi cassiae aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Cinnamomi cassiae cortex standardised extracts and preparations thereof
permitted, no MRL
Cinnamomi ceylanici aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Cinnamomi ceylanici cortex standardised extracts and preparations thereof
permitted, no MRL
Ciprofloxacin antimicrobial prohibited
permitted, no MRL
Citri aetheroleum permitted, no MRL
Citronellae aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Citrulline permitted, no MRL
Clavulanic acid antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
23
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Clazuril antiprotozoan permitted, no MRL
Clenbuterol, Clenbuterol hydrochloride/ Hydroxymethylclenbuterol
tocolytic, adjunct therapeutic in respiratory disease, production aid
yes, MRL prohibited APL Hydroxymethylclenbuterol
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted
Clenpenterol APL Clopidol antimicrobial,
anthelminthic,antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Cloprostenol [r rs-cloprostenol]
permitted,no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Clorsulon anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Closan permitted, MRL
Closantel anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Cloxacillin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Cobalt carbonate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cobalt dichloride permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cobalt gluconate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cobalt oxide permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cobalt sulphate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cobalt trioxide permitted, no MRL
Coco alkyl dimethyl betaines
permitted, no MRL
Colchicine prohibited
prohibited
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
24
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Colistimethate sodium (colistin sodium methane sulfonate)
antimicrobial permitted, no MRL
Colistin antimicrobial permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Condurango cortex standardised extracts and preparations thereof
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Convallaria majalis
permitted, no MRL
Copper chloride permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Copper gluconate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Copper heptanoate
permitted, no MRL
Copper methionate
permitted, no MRL
Copper oxide permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Copper sulphate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Coriandri aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Corticotrophin permitted, no MRL
Coumafos insecticide permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted
Crataegus permitted, no MRL
Crostebol (Clostebol?)
hormone permitted
Cupressi aetheroleums
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
25
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Cyfluthrin yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cyhalothrin yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Cypermethrin (see also alpha cypermethrin)
insecticide yes, MRL JECFA, CCRVDF Step 6
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cyromazine permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Cysteine permitted, no MRL
Cytidine permitted, no MRL
Danofloxacin antimicrobial yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Dapsone prohibited
permitted, no MRL
prohibited
Decoquinate antimicrobial, anthelminthic,antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Deltamethrin (Thalomethrin)
insecticide yes, MRL permitted, MRL
APL permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Dembrexine permitted, no MRL
Denaverine hydrochloride
permitted, no MRL
Deslorelin acetate permitted, no MRL
Destomycin A antibiotic permitted Detomidine permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL
Dexamethasone steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
JECFA permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Dexpanthenol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
26
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Diazinon permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Dibutylsuccinate insect repellent
permitted
Dichlorvos permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Diclazuril anthelminthic,antiprotozoan
yes, MRL, (JECFA recommended modifications)
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Diclofenac permitted permitted, MRL
Dicloxacillin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Dicopper oxide permitted, no MRL
Dicyclanil insect growth regulator
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted
Dienestrol APL Diethyl phthalate permitted,
no MRL
Diethyl sebacate permitted, no MRL
Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
permitted, no MRL
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
JECFA prohibited
permitted prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
Difloxacin anitmicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted
Diflubenzuron permitted, MRL
Digitalis purpurea
permitted, no MRL
Dihydro-streptomycin
antibiotic yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
27
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Diiodo-L-thyrosine [3 5-Diiodo-L-thyrosine]
permitted, no MRL
Dimanganese trioxide
permitted, no MRL
Dimethicone permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Dimethyl acetamide
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Dimethyl phthalate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Dimethyl sulfoxyde
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Dimetridazole (5-nitroimadazole)
permitted, MRL
prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
Diminazene anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, MRL
Dinitolmide antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted
Dinitro-benzamide (3,5-)
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Dinoprost hormone permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Dinoprost tromethamine
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Diprophylline permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Dipyrone APL permitted Dipyrone metabolites
APL
Doramectin anthelminthic, antiprotozoan, insecticide
yes, MRL + JECFA, CCRVDF Step 6
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
28
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Doxapram permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Doxycycline antibiotic permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
D-Phe6-luteinizing hormone releasing hormone
permitted, no MRL
Echinacea permitted, no MRL
Echinacea purpurea
permitted, no MRL
Efrotomycin antibiotic permitted Emamectin anthelminthic,
antiprotozoan, insecticide
permitted, MRL
Enilconazole permitted, no MRL
Enramacycin antibiotic permitted Enrofloxacin antimicrobial JECFA permitted,
MRL permitted,
MRL permitted,
no MRL permitted,
MRL prohibited for poultry
Epinephrine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Eprinomectin anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Ergometrine maleate
permitted permitted, no MRL
Erythromycin antibiotic JECFA permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Estradiol (17β-), Estradiol and related esters
hormone yes, MRL not specified
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance
Etamiphylline camsylate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
29
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Etamsylate permitted, no MRL
Ethanol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Ethion permitted Ethopabate antimicrobial,
anthelminthic, antprotozoa
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Ethyl lactate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Ethyl oleate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Ethylenediamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid and salts (EDTA)
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Etiproston tromethamine
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Etyprostontromethiamine
hormone permitted
Eucalypti aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Eucalyptol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Eucalyptus globulus
permitted, no MRL
Euphrasia officinalis
permitted, no MRL
Famphur insecticide permitted permitted, MRL
Febantel (see also fenbendazole, oxfendazole)
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Fenbendazole (see also febantel, oxfendazole)
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
30
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Fenchlorphos insecticide permitted Fenpipramide hydrochloride
permitted, no MRL
Fenprostalene hormone permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Fenvalerate insecticide permitted Fertirelin acetate permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL
Flavophospholipol
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Florfenicol anitmicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Fluazuron yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted MRL
Flubendazole anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Flugestone acetate
hormone permitted, MRL
Flumequine anitmicrobial yes, MRL, JECFA, CCRVDF Step 6
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Flumethrin insecticide permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL honey: permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Flunixin, Flunixin meglumine
anitmicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Fluvalinate insecticide, acaricide
permitted
Foeniculi aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Folic acid permitted, no MRL
Follicle Stimulating
hormone permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
31
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Hormone (natural FSH from all species and their synthetic analogues) Formaldehyde permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL
Formic acid permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Fosfomycin antibiotic permitted Frangulae cortex standardised extracts and preparations thereof
permitted, no MRL
Furaltadone bound metabolite (AMOZ)
APL APL
Furazolidone JECFA prohibited
prohibited, APL
prohibited
prohibited
Furazolidone bound metabolite (AOZ)
APL APL
Furosemide permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Gentamicin, Gentamicin sulfate
antibiotic
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Gentianae radix standardised extracts and preparations thereof
permitted, no MRL
Ginkgo biloba permitted, no MRL
Ginseng permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
32
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Glutamic acid permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Glutamine permitted, no MRL
Glutaraldehyde permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Glycalpyramide anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted
Glycerol formal permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Glycine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Glycopeptides prohibited
Gonadotrophin releasing hormone
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Gonadotropin, Gonadorelin hydrochloride or diacetate tetrahydrate [Gonadotrophins (LH, FSH) releasing hormone, GnRH]
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Guaiacol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Guanosine permitted, no MRL
Halofuginone, Halofuginone hydrobromide
anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Haloperidol APL Haloxon anthelminthic,
antiprotozoan permitted permitted,
MRL
Hamamelis virginiana
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
33
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Harpagophytum procumbens
permitted, no MRL
Harunga madagascariens (1:100)
permitted, no MRL
Heparin and salts permitted, no MRL
Heptaminol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Hesperidin permitted, no MRL
Hesperidin methyl chalcone
permitted, no MRL
Hexestrol APL Hexetidin permitted,
no MRL
Hippocastini semen
permitted, no MRL
Histidine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (natural HCG and its synthetic analogues)
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Human menopausal urinary gonadotrophin
permitted, no MRL
Humic acid and its sodium salt
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Hyaluronic acid permitted, no MRL
Hydrochloric acid
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Hydrochlorothiazide
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
34
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Hydrocortisone steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Hydrogen peroxide
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Hydroxyethylsalicylat
permitted, no MRL
Hydroxyquinoline [8-hydroxyquinoline]
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Hygromycin, Hygromycin B
antibiotic
permitted, no MRL
permitted prohibited
permitted, tolerance zero
Hyperici oleum permitted, no MRL
Hypericum perforatum
permitted, no MRL
Imidocarb anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted prohibited
Inosine permitted, no MRL
Inositol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Iodine and iodine inorganic compounds including: Sodium and potassium – iodide Sodium and potassium – iodat
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Iodine organic compounds
permitted, no MRL
Iodoform permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
35
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Iodophor antiprotozoan permitted, no MRL
Ipronidazole (5-nitroimadazole)
antiprotozoan prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
Iron ammonium citrate
permitted, no MRL
Iron dextran permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Iron dichloride permitted, no MRL
Iron glucoheptonate
permitted, no MRL
Iron sulphate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Isobutane permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Isoeugenol anaesthetic
permitted
Isoflurane permitted, no MRL
Isoleucine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Isometamidium anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted MRL
Isopropanol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Isoxsuprine APL permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Ivermectin anthelminthic, antiprotozoan, insecticide
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Jecoris oleum permitted, no MRL
Josamycin antibiotic permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
Juniperi fructus permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
36
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Kanamycin antibiotic JECFA permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Ketamine permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Ketanserin tartrate
permitted, no MRL
Ketoprofen permitted, MRL
permitted,MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Kitasamycin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Lachnanthes tinctoria
permitted, no MRL
Lactic acid permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Laidlomycin antibiotic permitted, MRL
Lanolin permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Lasalocid (sodium)
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Lauri folium aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Lauri fructus permitted, no MRL
Lavandola aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Lecirelin permitted, no MRL
Lespedeza capita permitted, no MRL
Leucine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Levamisole, Levamisole hydrochloride
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Levomethadon permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
37
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Levothyroxine permitted, no MRL
Lidocaine hydrochloride
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Lincomycin antibiotic yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL chicken: permitted, no MRL
Linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acids
permitted, no MRL
Lini oleum permitted, no MRL
Lobaria pulmonaria
permitted, no MRL
Lobeline permitted, no MRL
Luprostiol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Luteinizing Hormone (natural LH from all species and their synthetic analogues)
pemitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Lysine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Lysozyme anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted
Mabuterol APL Maduramicin, Maduramicin ammonium
antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Magnesium permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium acetate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
38
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Magnesium aluminium silicate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium asparate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium carbonate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium chloride
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium citrate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium gluconate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium glutamate
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium glycerophosphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium hydroxide
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium hypophosphite
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium orotate
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium oxide permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium phosphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium stearate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium sulphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Magnesium trisilicate
permitted, no MRL
Majorana herba permitted, no MRL
Malachite green (leucomalachite green)
APL permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
39
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Malic acid permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Manganese carbonate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Manganese chloride
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Manganese gluconate
permitted, no MRL
Manganese glycerophosphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Manganese oxide permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Manganese pidolate
permitted, no MRL
Manganese ribonucleate
permitted, no MRL
Manganese sulphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Mannitol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Marbofloxacin antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Matricaria recutita
permitted, no MRL
Matricariae flos [Chamomilla]
permitted, no MRL
Mebendazole anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
APL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Mecillinam (Mecillinum?)
antibiotic permitted, no MRL
permitted
Medicago sativa permitted, no MRL
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL APL
permitted, no MRL
Megestrol acetate APL Melatonin permitted,
no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
40
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Melengestrol acetate
hormone JECFA CCRVDF Step 6
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Melissae aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Melissae folium permitted, no MRL
Meloxicam non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Menadione [vitamin K 3]
permitted, no MRL
Menbutone antidiarrheal permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Menthae arventis aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Menthae piperitae aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Menthol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Mepivacaine permitted, no MRL
Mercaptamine hydrochloride
permitted, no MRL
Mercaptobenzimidazole (2-)
antiprotozoan APL
Metamizole permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Methionine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Methyl-benzoquate
anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted
Methyl-nicotinate permitted, no MRL
Methyl-salicylate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
41
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Methyl-2-thiouracil (4(6)-)
APL
Methy-lbenzoate permitted, no MRL
Methyl-paraben permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Methyl-prednisolone
steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Methyl-pyrrolidone [1-Methyl-pyrrolidone]
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Metoclorpramide antiemetic
permitted
Metoserpate hydrochloride
tranquilizer permitted permitted, MRL
Metronidazole (5-nitroimadazole)
antiprotozoan JECFA prohibited2
prohibited
permitted, no MRL
prohibited prohibited1
Millefolii herba permitted, no MRL
Miloxacin antimicrobial permitted Mineral hydrocarbons low to high viscosity including microcrystalline waxes approximately C10-C60; aliphatic branched aliphatic and salicyclic compounds
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
42
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Mirosamycin antibiotic permitted Monensin, Monesin sodium
antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL Chicken, goat: permitted, no MRL
Monothioglycerol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Montanide permitted, no MRL
Morantel, Morantel tartrate
anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
milk: permitted, no MRL
Moxidectin anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Myglyol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Myristicae aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Nafcillin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Nalidixic acid antimicrobial permitted Nanaforcin antibiotic permitted Naphthalophos permitted,
MRL
Narasin antibiotic, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Natamycin antibiotic permitted, no MRL
Neomycin (including framycetin)
antibiotic yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Neostigmine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Nequinate anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted permitted, MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
43
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Netobimin permitted, MRL
Nicarbazin antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Nickel gluconate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Nickel sulphate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Nicoboxil permitted, no MRL
Nitarsone anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted
Nitrobin, panazon permitted, MRL
Nitrofurans prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
Nitrofurantoin bound metabolite (AHD)
APL APL
Nitrofurazone (see also nitofurans)
JECFA prohibited
prohibited (see Nitrofurans)
permitted, no MRL
prohibited
Nitrofurazone bound metabolite (SEM)
APL APL
Nitroimadazoles (Other than dimetridazole Ipronidazole)
antiprotozoan prohibited
Metronidazole = prohibited
prohibited prohibited
Nitroxinil anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Nonivamide permitted, no MRL
Norfloxacin antimicrobial permitted permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
44
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Norgestomet hormone permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Nortestosterone (19-), Nortestosterone (19-epi-)
hormone APL prohibited (hormone)
Nosiheptide antibiotic permitted Novobiocin antibiotic JECFA permitted,
MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL meat: permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Nystatin JECFA permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Ofloxacin antimicrobial permitted Okoubaka aubrevillei
permitted, no MRL
Olaquindox permitted, MRL
APL (measured as m-QCA)
prohibited
permitted, MRL
Oleandomycin antibiotic JECFA permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Oleyloleat permitted, no MRL
Omeprazole permitted, no MRL
Orbifloxacin antimicrobial permitted Organochlorines prohibite
d
Orgotein permitted, no MRL
Ormetoprim antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Ornitine permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
45
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Orotic acid permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Oxacillin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Oxalic acid permitted, no MRL
Oxfendazole (see also febantel, fenbendazole)
anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Oxibendazole anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted
Oxidation products of terebinthinae oleum
permitted, no MRL
Oxolinic acid JECFA permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Oxyclozanide anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Oxytetracycline antibiotic
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Oxytocin permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Pancreatin permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Papain permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Papaverine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Paracetamol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Parconazole permitted, no MRL
Paromomycin antibiotic, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted
Penethamate antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
46
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Penicillin G antibiotic
yes, MRL benzylpenicillin, procaine
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL partly tolerance zero (pig, poultry)
Pepsin permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Peracetic acid permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Permethrin insecticide JECFA permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Phenol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Phenoxymethyl-penicillin
antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted
Phenyl-2-thiouracil (4(6)-
APL
Phenylalanine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Phenylbutazone APL permitted permitted, no MRL
prohibited
Phloroglucinol permitted, no MRL
Phoxim yes, MRL permitted permitted, MRL chicken: permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Phytolacca americana
permitted, no MRL
Phytomenadione [vitamin K1]
permitted, no MRL
Piperazine permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Piperazine dihydrochloride (chicken meat)
anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
47
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Piperonyl butoxide
insecticide synergist
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Pyrimethamin permitted prohibited
Pirlimycin antibiotic
JECFA, CCRVDF Step 6
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Polaxalene permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Policresulene permitted, no MRL
Poloxamer permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Polyethylene glycol stearates with 8-40 oxyethylene units
permitted, no MRL
Polyethylene glycol-15-hydroxystearate
permitted, no MRL
Polyethylene glycol-7-glyceryl-cocoate
permitted, no MRL
Polyethylene glycols (molecular weight 200 to 10.000)
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Polymyxin B antibiotic JECFA permitted, MRL
permitted
Polyoxyl castor oil with 30 to 40 oxyethylene units
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
48
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Polyoxyl hydrogenated castor oil with 40 to 60 oxyethylene units (fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester)
permitted, no MRL
Polysorbate 80 permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Polysulphated glycosaminoglycan
permitted, no MRL
Polyvinylpyrrolidine – iodine
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Porcine somatotropins
JECFA CCRVDF Step 6
permitted, no MRL
Potassium bromide
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Potassium DL-aspartate
permitted, no MRL
Potassium glucuronate
permitted, no MRL
Potassium glycerophosphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Potassium nitrate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Potassium selenate
permitted, no MRL
Praziquantel anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Prednisolone steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
49
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Prethcamide permitted, no MRL
Prifinium anticholonergic drug
permitted
Procain-(Benzyl)penicillin
antibiotic
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted
Procaine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Progesterone hormone yes, MRL not specified
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL restricted (hormone)
permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Proline permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Promacyl insecticide permitted Propane permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL
Propetamphos insecticide permitted Propionylpromazine
JECFA APL
Propoxur nsecticide permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
Propyl-2-thiouracil (4(6)-n-)
APL
Propylene glycol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Propylparaben permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Prunus laurocerasus
permitted, no MRL
Pyrantel embonate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Pyrantel tartrate permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
50
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Pyrethrum extract permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Pyrimethamine antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, no MRL
permitted
Pyrrolidone [2-pyrrolidone]
permitted, no MRL
Quatresin permitted, no MRL
Quercus cortex permitted, no MRL
Quillaia saponins permitted, no MRL
Ractopamine β-agonist (JECFA CCRVDF Step 6
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
prohibited (beta-agonist)
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Rafoxanide anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted
R-cloprostenol permitted, no MRL
Rhei radix permitted, no MRL
Ricini oleum permitted, no MRL
Rifaximin antibiotic permitted, milk, MRL, meat no MRL
permitted
Ritodrine APL Robenidine (hydrochloride)
antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted,MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Romifidine permitted, no MRL
Ronidazole (5-nitroimadazole)
antiprotozoan JECFA prohibited
prohibited
permitted, no MRL
prohibited
prohibited1
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
51
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Rosmarini aetheroleum
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Rosmarini folium permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Roxarsone production aid permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Ruscus aculeatus permitted, no MRL
Ruta graveolens permitted, no MRL
Salbutamol β-agonist
APL
Salicylic acid permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Salinomycin (sodium)
antibiotic, anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted prohibited
Salviae folium permitted, no MRL
Sambuci flos permitted, no MRL
Sarafloxacin antimicrobial yes, MRL APL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Selenicerus grandiflorus
permitted permitted, no MRL
Selenium permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Semduramycin, Semduramicin (sodium)
antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Serenoa repens permitted, no MRL
Serine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Serotonin permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
52
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Silybum marianum
permitted, no MRL
Sinapis semen permitted, no MRL
Sodium 2-methyl-2-phenoxypropanoate
permitted, no MRL
Sodium acetylsalicylate
permitted, no MRL
Sodium benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
permitted, no MRL
Sodium boroformiate
permitted, no MRL
Sodium butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
permitted, no MRL
Sodium cetostearyl sulphate
permitted, no MRL
Sodium chloride permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium chlorite pemitted,no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium chromoglycate
permitted, no MRL
Sodium cacodylate
permitted
Sodium dichloroisocyanu-rate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium formaldehydesul-phoxylate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium glycerophosphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
53
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Sodium hypophosphite
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium laurylsulphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium nifrustyrenate
antimicrobial permitted
Sodium propionate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium pyrosulphite
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium salicylate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium selenate permitted, no MRL
Sodium selenite permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium stearate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sodium sulfabromo-methazine
permitted, MRL
Sodium sulfa-chloropyrazine monohydrate
permitted, MRL
Sodium thiosulphate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Solidago virgaurea Somatosalm
permitted, no MRL
Sorbitan sesquioleate
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sorbitan trioleate permitted, no MRL
Spectinomycin antibiotic
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Spiramycin antibiotic yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
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Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Stilbenes diethylstilbestrol (DES)
JECFA prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
prohibited
Streptomycin (see also Dihydrostreptom.)
antibiotic yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
prohibited
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Strychni semen [Nux vomica]
permitted, no MRL
Strychnine permitted, no MRL
prohibited
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Sulfabenzamide antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted
Sulfabromomethazine sodium
antimicrobial permitted
Sulfacetamide antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Sulfachloro-pyrazine sodium monohydrate
antimicrobial permitted, MRL
Sulfachloropyridazine
antimicrobial permitted, MRL
prohibited
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, tolerance zero
Sulfadiazine, Sulphadiazine
antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Sulfadimethoxine antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Sulfadimidine antimicrobial yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permited, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Sulfadoxine antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
Sulfaethoxypyridazine
antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Sulfaguanidine antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
55
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Sulfamerazine antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, MRL
permitted trout, tolerance zero
Sulfamethazine (sulfadimidine)
antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Sulfamet(h)oxazol(e)
antimicrobial permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
Sulfamethoxyoyridazine
antimicrobial permitted
Sulfamoildapsone antimicrobial permitted Sulfamonomethoxine
antimicrobial permitted permitted, MRL
Sulfanilamide antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, no MRL
Sulfanitran antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, tolerance zero
Sulfapyridine antimicrobial permitted,MRL
permitted
Sulfaquinoxaline antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Sulfathiazole antimicrobial permitted, MRL
prohibited
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Sulfatroxazole, Sulphatroxazole
antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted
Sulfisozole antimicrobial permitted Sulfoguaiacol antimicrobial permitted,
no MRL
Sulfomyxin antimicrobial permitted, tolerance zero
Sulfonamide group all substances (’sulfas’)
antimicrobial permitted permitted, MRL
permitted
Sulphur permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
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Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Symphyti radix permitted, no MRL
Syzygium cumini permitted, no MRL
Tanninum permitted, no MRL
Tapazole APL Tartaric acid [L-tartaric acid] and mono- and di-basic salt of sodium potassium and calcium
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Taufluvalinate permitted, no MRL
Teflubenzuron insecticide permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted
Temephos insecticide permitted Terdecamycin antibiotic permitted Terebinthinae aetheroleum rectificatum
permitted, no MRL
Terebinthinae laricina
permitted, no MRL
Terpin hydrate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Testosterone (epi-), Testosterone and its esters
hormone yes, MRL not specified
permitted, no MRL specified
permitted prohibited (hormone)
permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Tetracaine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Tetrachlorvinphos
permitted permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
57
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Tetracycline, (see also chlortetracyclien,oxytetracyline)
antibiotic yes, MRL singly or in combination
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL sum
Theobromine permitted, no MRL
Theophylline permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Thiabendazole anthelminthic, fungicide
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Thiamphenicol antimicrobial yes, MRL JECFA
permitted, MRL
APL permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Thiamylal permitted, no MRL
Thiomersal permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Thiopental sodium
permitted, no MRL
Thiotic acid permitted, no MRL
Thiouracil (2-) APL Threonine permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL
Thuja occidentalis
permitted, no MRL
Thymi etheroleum
permitted, no MRL
Thymidine permitted, no MRL
Thymol permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Thyrostatic substances
prohibited
prohibited
Tiamulin antibiotic
permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Tiaprost permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
58
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Tiliae flos permitted, no MRL
Tilmicosin antibiotic yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Tiludronic acid disodium salt
permitted, no MRL
Timerfonate permitted, no MRL
Tiopronin hepatotonic permitted Toldimphos permitted,
no MRL permitted,
no MRL
Tolfenamic acid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
permitted, MRL
permitted
Toltrazuril anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted, MRL, bovine, permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Tolubuterol APL Tosylchloramide sodium
permitted, no MRL
Tragacanth permitted, no MRL
Trenbolone (acetate), Trenbolone (ß-)
hormone yes, MRL permitted, no MRL
permitted prohibited
permitted, no MRL
Tribromsalan anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
permitted
Triamcinolon permitted permitted, no MRL
Trichlormethiazide
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Tricaine methane sulphonate
permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Trichlorfon yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
59
Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Triclabendazole anthelminthic, antiprotozoan
yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
Tricopyr (herbicide?)
permitted, MRL
Trimethoprim antimicrobial permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Trimethylphloroglucinol
permitted, no MRL
Tripelennamine (hydrochloride)
antihistamine permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
permitted, MRL
Trypsin permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Tryptophan permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Tulathromycin antibiotic
permitted, MRL
Turnera diffusa permitted, no MRL
Tylosin antibiotic
JECFA permitted, MRL
permitted permitted, MRL)
permitted permitted, MRL
Tyrosin amino acid permitted, no MRL
Urea permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Urginea maritima permitted, no MRL
Uridine permitted, no MRL
Urticae herba permitted, no MRL
Valine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Valnemulin antibiotic permitted, MRL
permitted
Vancomycin antibiotic prohibited
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
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Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Vedaprofen non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
permitted, MRL
permitted
Vetrabutine hydrochloride
permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vincamine permitted, no MRL
Virginiamycin antibiotic permitted, no MRL
permitted prohibited
permitted, MRL
permitted, MRL
Virola sebifera (1:100)
permitted, no MRL
Viscum album permitted, no MRL
Vitamin A vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vitamin B1 vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vitamin B12 vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vitamin B2 vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vitamin B3 vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vitamin B5 vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vitamin B6 vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vitamin D vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Vitamin E vitamine permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Wool alcohols permitted, no MRL
Xylazine, Xylazine hydrochloride
tranquilizer JECFA permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted permitted, no MRL
Zearalanone APL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex I List of veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
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Veterinary drug Major application
Codex/ JECFA
Australia Canada Costa Rica
EU Japan Korea New Zealand
US Other Other Other
Zeranol yes, MRL permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
permitted prohibited hormone
permitted permitted, MRL
permitted, no MRL
Zinc acetate permitted, no MRL
Zinc aspartate permitted, no MRL
Zinc chloride permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Zinc gluconate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Zinc oleate permitted, no MRL
Zinc oxide permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Zinc stearate permitted, no MRL
Zinc sulphate permitted, no MRL
permitted, no MRL
Zinc-bacitracin antimicrobial permitted, MRL
Zoalene (dinitoluamide)
permitted, MRL
MRL permitted, MRL
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex II List of Veterinary drugs of concern as regards consumer health protection or trade
62
Annex II to CCRVDF Working Group document to develop recommendations on veterinary drugs without MRL or ADI
List of Veterinary drugs of concern as regards consumer health protection or trade Explanations:
This list has been assembled using information provided by working group members, available on the Internet and through SPS notifications.
Concern means that the substances have not been expressly prohibited but are not authorised and there is a concern for misuse and residues of these substances in food will be legally pursued.
Canada bans the use of 5-nitroimadazoles in general.
In the European Union, veterinary drugs fall under two legal categories: veterinary medicinal products and feed additives. The use of antimicrobials as feed additives will be generally prohibited from 2006 onwards. The use of hormones for growth promotion is generally prohibited. Antimicrobials and hormones may however been authorised for other purposes.
In the United States ‘prohibited’ means prohibited from extra label use.
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex II List of Veterinary drugs of concern as regards consumer health protection or trade
63
prohibited in Veterinary drug Concern
Canada European Community
United States
Costa Rica/ El Salvador
New Zealand
Aristrolochia spp and preparations thereof
concern for nephrotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity
prohibited
Arsanilic acid cumulative poison prohibited Beta sympathomimetic agents (beta-agonists) other than ractopamine
concern
Beta sympathomimetic agents (beta-agonists) other than clenbuterol (and in the EU Isoxsuprine)
acute food poisoning tachycardia prohibited prohibited
Carbadox concern for genotoxicity and carcinogenicity
concern proposing a regulatory amendment to ban
prohibited (former authorisation as feed additive withdrawn)
Chloramphenicol concern for aplastic anaemia, carcinogenicity
prohibited prohibited prohibited prohibited prohibited
Chloroform concern for mutagenicity and carcinogenicity in connection with lack of data
prohibited prohibited
Chlorpromazine concern for behavioural changes even due to small dose in connection with lack of data
concern prohibited prohibited
Clenbuterol acute food poisoning tachycardia prohibited Colchicine concern for genotoxicity and mutagenicity
in connection with lack of data prohibited prohibited
Dapsone concern for reproductive and teratogenic effects in connection with lack of data
prohibited prohibited
Dimetridazole (5-nitroimadazole)
concern for systemic toxicity and carcinogenicity
prohibited prohibited prohibited prohibited
Furazolidone (5-nitrofuran) concern for carcinogenicity prohibited prohibited prohibited
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex II List of Veterinary drugs of concern as regards consumer health protection or trade
64
prohibited in Veterinary drug Concern Canada European
Community United States
Costa Rica/ El Salvador
New Zealand
Glycopeptides concern for induction of antimicrobial resistance subsequent to the veterinary use and transfer of the resistance characteristics to the human consumer, resulting in an inability to treat a resistant disease in the human consumer
concern prohibited
Hormonal growth promoters endocrine, developmental, immunological, neurobiological, immunotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic effects
prohibited
Ipronidazole (5-nitroimadazole)
concern for systemic toxicity and carcinogenicity
prohibited prohibited prohibited
Malachite green concern for carcinogenicity concern Metronidazole (5-nitroimadazole)
concern for mutagenicity in connection with lack of data
prohibited prohibited prohibited prohibited
Nitrofurans/ Nitrofurazone concern for carcinogenicity. prohibited prohibited prohibited prohibited Olaquindox concern for genotoxicity and
carcinogenicity prohibited
(former authorisation as feed additive withdrawn)
Organoclorines prohibited Other nitroimadazoles (than Dimetridazole Ipronidazole)
concern for systemic toxicity, carcinogenicity.
prohibited Metronidazole prohibited prohibited
Phenylbutazone Concern for carcinogenicity, blood dyscrasias and hypersensitivity reactions.
concern prohibited
Ronidazole (5-nitroimadazole)
concern for mutagenicity in connection with lack of data
prohibited prohibited prohibited prohibited
Stilbenes, diethylstilbestrol (DES) concern for developmental toxicity and carcinogenicity
prohibited prohibited prohibited prohibited prohibited
Strychnine strong poison prohibited Sulfathiazole prohibited Thyrostatic substances concern for carcinogenicity concern prohibited prohibited Vancomycine concern for induction of antimicrobial
resistance concern prohibited
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex III: Starting point for a Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA at the 16th CCRVDF
65
Annex III: Starting point for a Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA at the 16th CCRVDF
Explanations: Substances marked in yellow/grey shade have already been evaluated by JECFA The contry code indicates who suggested the veterinary drug
indicates that this evaluation did not result in an MRL recommendation
The following veterinary drugs have been suggested for the priority list, but not considered for the reasons cited below:
Avermectins: several avermectins have already evaluated by Codex (i.e. ivermectin, doramectin, moxidectin, abamectin, eprinomectin) Benzimidazoles: several benzimidazoles have already evaluated by Codex (i.e. fenbendazole, albendazole, oxfendazole, flubenadzole, thiabendazole, triclabendazole) Clenbuterol: has already been evaluated by JECFA/CCRDVF and has a recently reviewed Codex status Hormonal growth promoters: Trenbolone acetate, Zeranol, Progesterone, Esterdiol-17ß and Testosterone have a Codex status, Progesterone, Esterdiol-17ß, Testosterone have moreover been recently been evaluated by JECFA/CCRDVF; Melengestrol acetate is currently at step 5 of the Codex step procedure. Pirlimycin: is at step 5 of the Codex procedure Sulfadimidine: Codex MRLs exist Tetracycline: Codex MRLs exist Tilmicosin: Codex MRLs exist Abbriviations ADI = acceptable daily intake Country Codes AU = Australia CAN = Canada CR = Costa Rica DE = Germany KR = Korea NL = The Netherland SE = Sweden TH = Thailand UK = United Kingdom US = United States
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex III: Starting point for a Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA at the 16th CCRVDF
2
veterinary drug
status consumer health protection concerns
trade concerns necessity for the treatment/prevention of disease in animals
agronomic impact
data/evaluation availability
other risk management considerations
Altrenogest (AU) use widely used Amitraz (CR) use trade problems Amoxicillin (CR) use trade problems Ampicillin (SE) use important
antimicrobial
Avilamicin (CR) use trade problems Bacitracin (CR) use trade problems Carbadox (SE) ban Cefoperazon (CR) use trade problems Cefuroxime (CAN)
Evaluated: 62nd JECFA use insufficient toxicity data on
unidentified residues in milk, metabolism in milk, inadequate depletion study (cows)
Cephalosporins (KR) use widely used Chloramphenicol (NL, DE, US, KR)
Evaluated: 42nd and 62nd JECFA)
ban concern for aplastic anaemia, carcinogenicity, and inability to establish an ADI or MRL
numerous rejected consignments worldwide
Chlorpromazine (CAN) Evaluated: 38th JECFA
use long persistence of substance in humans, small doses may cause behavioural change
insufficient toxicity data
Cloxacillin (KR) use widely used Colistin (KR) use Dexamethasone (CAN)
Evaluated: 50th JECFA use ADI (0.015 µg/kg), no MRLs
inadequate analytical method
Dinitolmide (AU) use widely used Danofloxacin (KR) use induction of
antimicrobial resistance
widely used
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex III: Starting point for a Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA at the 16th CCRVDF
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veterinary drug
status consumer health protection concerns
trade concerns necessity for the treatment/prevention of disease in animals
agronomic impact
data/evaluation availability
other risk management considerations
Enrofloxacin (TH, KR, CR) Evaluated: 48th JECFA
use induction of antimicrobial resistance
trade problems wide range of use in poultry and pigs
important data missing
Erythromycin (TH) Evaluated: 12th JECFA
use induction of antimicrobial resistance
Ethion (AU) use widely used Flavofosfolipol (CR) use trade problems Flunixin (SE) use important anti-
inflammatory and analgesic drug
Flunixin Meglumin (CR) use trade problems Fosfomycin (CR) use trade problems Glycopeptides (KR) - vancomycin, - teicoplanin
ban induction of antimicrobial resistance
Iso-eugenol (AU) use widely used Josamycin (CR) use trade problems Kanamycin (KR)
Evaluated: 12th JECFA use widely used important data on toxicology
missing
Kitasamycin (CR) (AU) use trade problems widely used Maduramycin (CR) use trade problems Malachite green (NL, DE, SE) ban concern for
carcinogenicity numerous rejected consignments worldwide
Malathion (AU) use widely used Mebendazol (CR) use trade problems Metamizol (SE) use important for the
treatment of severe pain in pig, cattle and equidae
Monensin (CR) use trade problems Narasin (CR) use trade problems
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex III: Starting point for a Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA at the 16th CCRVDF
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veterinary drug
status consumer health protection concerns
trade concerns necessity for the treatment/prevention of disease in animals
agronomic impact
data/evaluation availability
other risk management considerations
Nitrofurans (NL, UK, DE, US, KR) - furazolidone - nitrofurazone - Evaluated: 40th JECFA
ban concern for carcinogenicity
numerous rejected consignments worldwide
insufficient residue data
Nitroimidazoles (e.g. Ronidazole, Evaluated: 34th, 42th JECFA Ipronidazole, Dimetridazole, Evaluated: 34th JECFA Metronidazole (UK, D, US, SE)) Evaluated: 34th JECFA
ban concern for systemic toxicity and carcinogenicity
important data on toxicology missing
Novobiocin (CAN) Evaluated: 12th JECFA
use no detectable residues in food by recommended methods?
MRLs
Nystatin (CAN) Evaluated: 12th JECFA
use no detectable residues in food by recommended methods ?
MRLs
Olaquindox (KR, AU) ? concern for genotoxicity and carcinogenicity
Oleandomycin (CAN) Evaluated: 38th JECFA
use induction of antimicrobial resistance
no detectable residues in food by recommended methods
MRLs
Oxitocin (CR) use trade problems Oxolinic Acid (SE)
Evaluated: 43th JECFA use important
antimicrobial for fish farming
toxicology studies did not meet requirements
Penicillins (UK) - Benzyl penicillin - procaine penicillin (Penicillin
G)
use
Permethrin (SE) Evaluated: 54 th JECFA
use important for the treatment of ectoparasites
important data on toxicology missing
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex III: Starting point for a Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA at the 16th CCRVDF
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veterinary drug
status consumer health protection concerns
trade concerns necessity for the treatment/prevention of disease in animals
agronomic impact
data/evaluation availability
other risk management considerations
Phenylbutazone (SE) ban Concern for carcinogenicity, blood dyscrasias and hypersensitivity reactions.
Polymyxcin B (CAN) Evaluated: 12th JECFA
use induction of antimicrobial resistance
no detectable residues in food by recommended methods
MRLs
Propionylpromazine (CAN) Evaluated: 12th JECFA
use concern on high level of residues at injection site
insufficient toxicity data, insufficient residue data
measures concerning injections site residues
Pyrimethamin (KR) ban Robenidin (CR) use trade problems Roxarsone (SE) ban Salinomycin (CR) use trade problems Semiduramyin (CR) use trade problems Spinosad (AU) use widely used Stilbenes, Diethylstilbestrol (DES) (NL, UK, US)
Evaluated: 5th JECFA
ban concern for developmental toxicity and carcinogenicity
Sulphonamides other than Sulfadimidine (UK, SE, KR, AU)
use used extensively in many countries for treatment of bacterial infections
Temephos (AU) use widely used Thiamphenicol (CAN)
Evaluated: 52nd, 58th JECFA
use ADI = 5µg/kg insufficient depletion studies inadequate methods of analysis
Thyrostatic substances use concern for carcinogenicity
Tiamulin (CR) use trade problems Triflumuron. (AU) use widely used Trimethoprim (KR) use widely used
CX/RVDF 06/16/13, Part 1 Annex III: Starting point for a Priority List of Veterinary Drugs Requiring Evaluation or Re-evaluation by JECFA at the 16th CCRVDF
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veterinary drug
status consumer health protection concerns
trade concerns necessity for the treatment/prevention of disease in animals
agronomic impact
data/evaluation availability
other risk management considerations
Tylosin (TH, SE) Evaluated: 38th JECFA
use used extensively for treatment of bacterial infections cattle and pigs
insufficient toxicity and microbiological data
Xylazine (CAN) Evaluated: 38th JECFA
use insufficient toxicity data, inadequate data on metabolism, residue date not sufficient to identify marker residue, inadequate depletion studies