AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

Commercial revolution set stage for economic modernization in form of capitalist development

Capitalist development made possible by mechanization of industry

Mechanization made possible by discoveries of Scientific Revolution

Agricultural changes create conditions necessary for industrialization

AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION

Introduction of new crops

Improvement of techniques & practices

Development of new machinery

Created conditions necessary for industrialization

AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION

Introduction of new crops

Rise of specialized farming

AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

turnips, legumes, clover, potato

• did not deplete soil

• increased food production

AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION

New Techniques & Methods

Four-Field System

• more efficient land use

New machines

• mechanized seed drill, iron plow

New breeding techniques

• increased milk & meat products

AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION

ENCLOSURE

consolidation of open lands by English landlords

caused discontentment among peasantry

but backed by force of law

Commercialization of agriculture

EARLY INDUSTRIALIZATION

Growth of labor pool

Expansion of cottage industry system

Rise of mass production

Mechanization

AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

EARLY INDUSTRIALIZATION

New Machines

spinning jenny

water frame

steam engine

Rise of coal & iron industries

AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE

Newcomen’s steam engineWatt’s steam engine

EARLY INDUSTRIALIZATION

Britain’s Dominance

development of business-minded private sector

strong govt. support

mastery of seas

abundance of natural resources-esp. coal & iron

AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL CHANGE