Aim: What happens when homeostasis is not maintained in the excretory system?

Do now: What could happen to an individual if

they undergo massive kidney failure? Be specific!

Let’s explore diseases of the excretory and urinary systems!

1. Gout- what is it?

!  High levels of nitrogenous wastes (urea) in the blood

!  Uric acid forms sharp crystals that produce severe pain in the joints

Symptoms

!  Pain in joints !  Fever

Treatment-maintain homeostasis!

!  Drinking a lot of water !  Medication to lower uric acid levels

2. Cirrhosis- what is it?

!  Liver disease caused by too much intake of alcohol

!  Causes scarring of liver cells because by-products of alcohol (fats) accumulate in the liver

!  The liver eventually shuts down and homeostasis can not be maintained

Symptoms

!  Weight loss !  Tiredness

Treatment- maintain homeostasis!

!  Stop drinking!! !  Medication !  Transplant of liver

3. Kidney stones- what are they?

!  Collection of solid materials that block the kidneys, urinary bladder or ureters

!  Solid materials include calcium!

Symptoms

!  Blood in urine !  Pain in sides

Treatments- homeostasis!

!  Wait for stones to pass through the urinary system

!  Medication to break down calcium deposits

4. Uremia- what is it?

!  Urea and other waste products are not filtered out of the blood

!  Cells become poisoned and urine is typically found in the blood

Treatments

!  Kidney transplant !  Antibiotics

5. Nephritis

!   Inflammation of the nephrons !  Caused by bacterial infection !  Could lead to kidney failure

Symptoms

!  Blood in urine !  Cloudy urine

Treatments

!  Antibiotics

6. Acne

!  Clogging of skin pores !  Caused by bacterial build up

ANALYSIS QUESTIONS: 1.  What is the function of the human excretory system? 2.  How do the kidneys function? 3.  What role do the nephrons play inside of the kidneys? 4.  What are some waste products that are filtered in the

kidneys? 5.  What substances are reabsorbed in the kidneys? Why

is this important for maintaining homeostasis? 6.  List and explain a disorder of the excretory system. 7.  Draw and label the excretory system. Be sure to

include the following: 1.  Kidneys

1.  Medulla 2.  Cortex 3.  Nephrons 4.  Collecting tubule

2.  Ureter 3.  Bladder 4.  Urethra