Air pollution is caused by emissions of particulate matter and harmful gases.the most common air pollutants are:

Suspended particulatesSulphur dioxide (SO2)Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)Carbon monoxide (CO)OzoneLead (Pb)hydrocarbons

Air pollutants from natural sources-The volcano produce sulphur dioxide.

Biological process also produce air pollution

e.g.Digestion in cow produce large amount of methane.

Air pollutants from human activities

-The main cause is the burning of fossil fuels by motor vehicle, industries and power stations.

Air pollution is a concern of everybody since it may cause discomfort and adverse health effects. Children, elderly and those who have heart or lung problems suffer the most when the air around then is polluted.

• The most stringent vehicle fuel and emission standards.

• Looking for clean alternatives to diesel vehicle

• Vehicle emission are the major source of air pollution.

• Preparatory work is undertaken to introduce a more advanced vehicle smoke.

• To present their vehicles for testing at designated centers.

• The specified process control program has achieved an 80% reduction in pollution emissions by industry.

• The number of complaints against dark smoke emission from industrial sources has been reduced by about 30%

• The sulphur dioxide level in industrial areas have4 been reduced significantly and maintained at level well below the Air Quality Objective target

• Nuisances arising from open burning activities have been reduced

Pollution effect sourceBlack smoke 1.nuisance 1.vehicle 2.visibility 2.industry impairment 3.buses 3.soiling 4.restaurants 4.cause the 5.power cancer station

Pollution effect sourceCarbon 1.visual 1.vehiclemonoxide impairment 2.industry 2.reduce metal 3.power function and station poor learning 4.aircraft ability 3.people suffer from heart and circulatory problems dizziness and fainting

Pollution effect sources Sulphur dioxide, 1.Cause irritation 1.Vehicles nitrogen dioxide to lung and 2.Power eyes and station environment 3.Marine problems vessels 2.Dissolve in rain, make acid rain

Carbon dioxide: From smoke and

exhaust fume. Carbon

dioxide on the earth’s

surface traps heat

From the sun: A thicker layer of carbon

dioxide increase the

temperature in the earth. The is called GREENHOUSE EFFECT.

A) Control of Emissions from Stationary

Sources• Improved smoke emission standards;

• introduction of cleaner industrial fuel with lower sulphur content;

• control of dust emissions from construction activities.

B) Control of Emissions from Motor Vehicles

• stringent vehicle emission and fuel standards;

• strengthened emission inspection;

• strengthened enforcement against smoky vehicles;

• and education and publicity.

On the road Make maximum use of mass public transport

avoid travel by car

Benefits- Reduces the emissions of nitrogen oxides and particulates from road vehicles

Maintain your car engine

keep your car engine properly tuned.

Benefits- Saves fuel, money and air pollution.

At home

Switch off domestic appliances

turn off fans, air-conditioners lights, etc. when not required

Benefits- Saves energy, money and air pollution from power stations

Industry

Use low solvent degreasers

use low solvent degreasers in the cleaning of oils, grease, or from metal during metal finishing process.

Benefits- Reduces the emissions of volatile organic compounds which helps reduce the formation of ozone.