air quality and dust assessment, proposed quarry …

DustScan Dust Monitoring and Dust Consultancy Services Incorporating Alex Grant AirQ

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Fax: (44) 1608 810227 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.DustScan.co.uk DustScan is a registered trademark and a trading name of DustScan Ltd.

Company registered in England. No. 5028538

AIR QUALITY AND DUST ASSESSMENT, PROPOSED

QUARRY EXTENSION, MANCETTER QUARRY

FOR

LAFARGE TARMAC

DustScan Ltd

September 2014

Air Quality and Dust Assessment Proposed quarry extension, Mancetter Quarry For: Lafarge Tarmac DustScan Ltd

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CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 4

2 SCOPE OF THE ASSESSMENT ............................................................................... 4

3 SITE SETTING AND CURRENT OPERATIONS ....................................................... 5

4 PROPOSED OPERATIONS ...................................................................................... 5

5 REGULATORY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT ............................................... 6

5.1 Standards and controls ................................................................................................... 6

5.2 National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS) ............................................................................. 6

5.2.1 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) ................................................................................................................. 8

5.2.2 Fine particulate matter (PM10) ..................................................................................................... 8

5.3 Dust definitions, generation and propagation ............................................................... 9

5.3.1 Visible ‘nuisance’ dust ...............................................................................................................10

5.4 Dust sources .................................................................................................................. 10

5.5 Dust receptors ............................................................................................................... 11

5.6 Weather .......................................................................................................................... 13

6 AIR QUALITY AND DUST ASSESSMENT ............................................................. 15

6.1 PM10 impact assessment and significance .................................................................. 15

6.2 PM10 assessment ........................................................................................................... 16

6.3 Dust assessment ........................................................................................................... 17

6.3.1 Dust impact assessment ...........................................................................................................18

6.3.1.1 Dust risk assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) ...........................................................19

6.3.1.2 Dust risk assessment for wind-blown dust (wind speeds above 10 knots) ...............................21

7 DUST MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION ............................................................. 21

7.1.1 Soil stripping, storage and reinstatement ..................................................................................22 7.1.2 Overburden removal, storage and reinstatement ......................................................................22

7.1.3 Drilling and blasting ...................................................................................................................22

7.1.4 Mineral extraction ......................................................................................................................22

7.1.5 Mineral processing (crushing and screening) ............................................................................23

7.1.6 Mobile plant and on-site haul roads...........................................................................................23 7.1.7 Recycled Asphalt Product (RAP) Processing ............................................................................23


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7.1.8 Wind-whip from bare ground and exposed surfaces (including stockpiles) ..............................24

7.2 Dust management .......................................................................................................... 24

7.2.1 General ......................................................................................................................................24

7.2.2 Visible dust emissions ...............................................................................................................24 7.2.3 Weather .....................................................................................................................................24

7.2.4 Complaints procedure ...............................................................................................................25

7.3 Review ............................................................................................................................ 25

8 RESIDUAL EFFECTS ............................................................................................. 25

8.1 Residual PM10 assessment ............................................................................................ 25

8.2 Residual dust risk assessment ..................................................................................... 25

8.2.1 Residual dust risk assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) ............................................26

8.2.2 Residual dust risk assessment for wind-blown dust (winds above 10 knots) ...........................26

9 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY ................................................................................ 27 TABLES Table 1: Sensitivity of the area to dust soiling effects on people and property (from IAQM, 2014)

Table 2: Principal dust ‘receptor’ locations, Mancetter Quarry extension

Table 3: Summary of wind speeds and associated potential for dust propagation (after AEA Technology, 2010)

Table 4: Wind frequency (all months and summer months) by direction, Coleshill, 2001 – 2010 for all wind speeds (associated with fugitive dust) and winds above 10 knots (associated with wind-blown dust)

Table 5: Estimated background ambient PM10 concentrations (AC) for the grid squares in which the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry is located

Table 6: Summary of dust impact assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) for all months and summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 7: Summary of dust impact assessment for wind-blown dust (winds above 10 knots), for all months and summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 8: Summary of residual dust impact assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) for all months and summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 9: Summary of residual dust impact assessment for wind-blown dust (winds above 10 knots), for all months and summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 10: Dust impact assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds), all months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 11: Dust impact assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds), summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 12: Dust impact assessment for wind-blown dust (wind speeds >10 knots), all months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 13: Dust impact assessment for wind-blown dust (wind speeds >10 knots), summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry


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Table 14: Dust impact assessment (with mitigation) for fugitive dust (all wind speeds), all months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 15: Dust impact assessment (with mitigation) for fugitive dust (all wind speeds), summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 16: Dust impact assessment (with mitigation) for wind-blown dust (wind speeds >10 knots), all months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 17: Dust impact assessment (with mitigation) for wind-blown dust (wind speeds >10 knots), summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

FIGURES Figure 1: Air quality assessment flow chart (from Planning Practice Guidance) Figure 2: Wind rose (annual), Coleshill (2001 – 2010)

Figure 3: Wind rose, summer months (June – August), Coleshill (2001 – 2010)

Figure 4: Likelihood of wind-blown dust impact in relation to wind frequency

Figure 5: Potential magnitude of dust impacts in relation to distance and screening

Figure 6: Dust impact risk criteria in relation to potential magnitude of impact and likelihood due to frequency of winds

DRAWINGS Drawing No. 1: Site locality, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Drawing No. 2: Current situation and block phasing for proposed extension, Mancetter Quarry

PLATES Plate 1: Mancetter Quarry, looking south from Purley Chase Lane

Plate 2: Mancetter Quarry, looking north-east from near Oldbury Farm

APPENDICES


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1 INTRODUCTION Lafarge Tarmac (LT) extract and process diorite into crushed aggregate and coated roadstone at Mancetter Quarry, near Atherstone, Warwickshire. The quarry is a nationally-important resource of mineral that is ideally suited for use in asphalt for road surfacing. The consented reserves at the quarry have an estimated life of five to six years at the current output of between 300,000 and 400,000 tonnes per annum (tpa). The site also operates a Recycled Asphalt Product (RAP) facility, producing some 30,000 tpa. A lateral extension to the quarry workings is proposed at similar levels of output to provide a further six to seven years’ production, together with a comprehensive restoration scheme. DustScan Ltd was instructed by David Jarvis Associates on behalf of LT to undertake a dust and air quality assessment for submission with the planning application for the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry. This report comprises an assessment of impacts on local air quality and of particulate matter (dust) from the proposed operation, and includes recommendations for mitigation and an assessment of residual effects.

2 SCOPE OF THE ASSESSMENT This report was prepared with reference to current minerals industry best practice guidance, including the National Planning Policy Framework and associated Planning Practice Guidance relating to Air Qualitya and recent guidance regarding dust assessment produced by the Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM)b. The following activities were carried out for the assessment:

• Site visit to the existing workings and application site; • Walkover of the surrounding area; • Review of standards and controls; and • Recommendations for dust mitigation and management.

As set out in the request for Scoping Opinion the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry would not result in any increase in total output from the quarry. Importantly, it is not proposed to alter the operation of the two existing roadstone coating plants, which lie within the quarry, and there would be no change to the scale of operations on site or to number or type of vehicles exporting materials from the site. Consequently, this assessment concentrates on potential air quality and dust impacts arising from mineral extraction and restoration associated with the proposed quarry extension, including the RAP operation, which takes place largely on a campaign basis within the Purley Quarry section of Mancetter Quarry.

a http://planningguidance.planningportal.gov.uk/blog/guidance/air-quality/ b Guidance on the assessment of dust from demolition and construction (IAQM 2014). Although produced largely for demolition and construction sites, this guidance includes procedures that are applicable to many site types, including minerals sites

http://planningguidance.planningportal.gov.uk/blog/guidance/air-quality/


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3 SITE SETTING AND CURRENT OPERATIONS As shown in Drawing No. 1, the proposed quarry extension is located to the south and west of the existing Oldbury Quarry section of Mancetter Quarry. The application site lies in an elevated position about 1.5 km southwest of Mancetter and just to the north of Oldbury. As shown in Plate 1 and Plate 2 the immediate site setting is essentially rural and as also shown in Drawing No. 1 there are several farms and residential dwellings in the locality. There are substantial areas of mature woodland in the locality, especially to the south-east and north-west of the existing quarry. Mancetter Quarry comprises a diorite sill which dips towards the southwest and is overlain by shales and sandy clay soils. Mineral extraction is by drilling and blasting. The broken rock is transported by dump truck to the plant area, which is located to the north of the quarry void, where it is tipped onto a covered surge pile and is then crushed and screened into graded aggregates. The processing plant is contained within a series of clad structures. Two roadstone coating plants are located adjacent to the processing plant. Processed aggregates are stockpiled in the open on land to the east of the quarry void. Internal transport is by dump truck. Road transport is loaded from the stockpiles by front-end loader and then leaves the site via Purley Chase Lane, Pipers Lane and the B4114 Coleshill Road. Empty transport accesses the site via Quarry Lane from the B4111 Nuneaton Road. The application area extends to 106.4 ha although this comprises 76.5 ha for the existing quarry and 29.9 ha for the extension area. In addition, as shown in Drawing No. 2 the quarry extension would be carried out over a series of phases and there would be a significant area of landform restoration particularly to the south and west of the mineral extraction area. Approximately 30,000 tpa Recycled Asphalt Product (RAP) is produced largely on a campaign basis. RAP processing is carried out in a small area within Purley Quarry using plant brought in and operated by outside contractors. Some RAP screening is carried out on an ad hoc basis using mobile plant operated by LT in a small area just to the west of the main plant area.

4 PROPOSED OPERATIONS Full details of the proposed quarry extension are set out elsewhere, but in summary the quarry workings would be extended towards the west and southwest of the current (Oldbury Quarry) area in four phases, as outlined in Drawing No. 2. Soils and overburden would be stripped sequentially and used to construct permanent screening landforms around the southern, western and northern sides of the proposed extension area. The shales would be broken using a dozer and ripper, loaded by hydraulic excavator and transported using articulated dump trucks. Mineral extraction in the extension area would continue as at present, with the rates and methods of mineral processing also unchanged. The quarry would ultimately be restored to woodland, agriculture (largely grassland), wetland and open water. Although some public rights of way would be diverted or


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closed during the quarry extension programme these would be reinstated to provide a good level of public access across the restored landforms.

5 REGULATORY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT Some quarry processes are regulated under environmental legislation. PGN 3/08(12)c states that some mineral processing activities, such as crushing, grinding, screening and grading are prescribed under LAPC/LAPPC (Local Air Pollution Control/Local Air Pollution Prevention and Control) in relation to emissions of particulate matter (dust) but, as stated in PGN 3/08(12), are “…not normally likely to result in the release into air of particulate matter except in a quantity which is trivial…”. The roadstone coating plants are separately controlled by Environment Agency Permit and the RAP facility currently operates under a separate exemption from the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010. From above, emissions relating to the roadstone coating operations are not considered further in this report.

5.1 Standards and controls The principal guidance in respect of the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry is the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), which is supported by new Planning Practice Guidance (PPG)d. The NPPF states that when determining planning applications, local authorities should ensure that there are no unacceptable adverse impacts, including those on the natural environment or human health, and should take into account the cumulative effect of multiple impacts from individual sites and/or from a number of sites in the locality. Good practice on dust control is set out in various publications, including PGN 3/08(12) which sets out at Section 5 a summary of best available techniques for dust control at minerals sites.

5.2 National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS) The Air Quality Regulations (AQR) prescribe National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS) objectives to be achieved for a range of pollutants. These include nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which is usually associated with exhaust emissions from traffic, and fine particulate matter (PM10), which can arise from many sources including traffic but also from industrial activities such as quarrying. The PPG sets out a Site Assessment Flow Chart (reproduced at Figure 1) to determine the potential impact of proposed developments in relation to the Air Quality Objectives (AQO).

c Process Guidance Note (PGN) 3/08(12) Statutory guidance for quarry processes d http://planningguidance.planningportal.gov.uk/

http://planningguidance.planningportal.gov.uk/


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Figure 1: Air quality assessment flow chart (from Planning Practice Guidance) Consequently, where residential properties or other sensitive land uses are within 1 km of the actual source of emission (e.g. mineral processing) the potential for PM10 emissions to cause a breach of AQO should be assessed. Where PM10 emissions from site activities are unlikely to cause a breach of AQO the site should apply good practice measures in dust management to avoid causing dust annoyance, such as set out in PGN 3/08(12). Under AQR, local authorities are required to review the existing and projected airborne concentrations of these pollutants and compare them with the AQO. If an exceedence of any AQO appears likely, an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) is to be designated with the aim of achieving the objective by the due date. The local authority responsible for assessing air quality in the locality of Mancetter Quarry is North Warwickshire Borough Council (NWBC). In its 2010 Air Quality


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Progress Report NWBC stated that it has one AQMA at an isolated farmhouse near the convergence of the M42 and M6 motorways for a breach of the NO2 annual objective due to traffic emissions. This, however, is understood to have been recently revokede.

5.2.1 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) The AQO for NO2 is currently 200 µg/m3 (microgrammes per cubic metre) for the hourly mean, not to be exceeded 18 times per year and 40 µg/m3 for the annual mean. NO2 is largely associated with exhaust emissions, especially Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) traffic, and current guidancef suggests that a change in traffic movements of 200 HGV movements per day can be an indicative trigger level for when the operational traffic of a development could have a significant effect on air quality. In effect, NO2 could be scoped out of the EIA if vehicle movements were below this indicative threshold. In addition NO2 can be associated with exhaust emissions from Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM). Recent guidance for the construction industry states that these are unlikely to make a significant impact on local air quality, and in the vast majority of cases will not need to be quantitatively assessedg. As set out above there would be no change to either the number of HGV movements or quarry operations thus, on the basis that NO2 emissions from the proposed extension would be largely associated with HGV traffic and NRMM but would be at levels below which might have a significant impact on local air quality, NO2 is not considered further in this report.

5.2.2 Fine particulate matter (PM10) The AQO for PM10 is currently 50 µg/m3 for the 24-hour mean, not to be exceeded 35 times per year and 40 µg/m3 for the annual mean. In its 2009 Updating and Screening Assessment NWBC stated that the monitored concentration levels for PM10 were well below the annual mean objective level and monitoring ceased in Feb 2008 as it was considered unnecessary. From above, PM10 can be associated with HGV and NRMM exhaust emissions but, as with NO2, can be scoped out of this assessment if there were a change of less than 200 HGV movements per day and no change to quarry operations. Therefore, from above, PM10 associated with HGV and NRMM exhaust emissions is not considered further in this report. PM10 can, however, arise from a wide range of sources other than traffic at minerals sites thus the potential impacts of PM10 arising from the non-traffic related aspects of the proposed operation require further consideration. With regard to PM10 emissions from the proposed quarry extension, one approach is that the potential impacts on AQO can be determined by comparing the total predicted environmental concentration (PEC) of PM10 estimated to arise from the proposed

e pers. comm., 6 June 2014 f Environmental Protection UK (EPUK) 2012 Development Control: Planning for Air Quality (2010 Update) g IAQM (2014) Guidance on the assessment of dust from demolition and construction


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operations with the annual mean objective. The PEC can be determined by combining the existing background ambient concentration (AC) and the expected process contribution (PC). The AC for PM10 can be determined from publicly available monitoring data or, where this is not representative, site-specific monitoring data. For the purposes of this report the publicly-available data are considered representative; these include the NWBC 2009 Updating and Screening Assessment and the Defra national annual estimated average background concentrations, which are determined for every local authority in the UK at 1 × 1 km grid square resolutionh. The PC for the proposed operation, the consequent PEC and resultant impacts on the AQO for PM10 arising from the proposed quarry extension are considered further below.

5.3 Dust definitions, generation and propagation ‘Dust’ is generally regarded as particulate matter up to 75 µm (micron) diameter and can be considered in two categories. Fine dust, essentially particles up to 10 µm, is commonly referred to as PM10 and, as set out above, PM10 is measured to agreed standards and forms part of AQO. Coarser dust (essentially particles greater than 10 µm) is generally regarded as ‘nuisance dust’ and can be associated with annoyance, although there are no official standards (such as AQO) for dust annoyancei. Although it is a widespread environmental phenomenon, dust is also generated through many human activities. This includes at minerals sites and surface mines, also by heavy industry, waste management, construction and demolition, agriculture (especially arable farming) and road transport. Dust is generally produced by mechanical action on materials and is carried by moving air when there is sufficient energy in the airstream. More energy is required for dust to become airborne than for it to remain suspended. Dust is removed through gravitational settling (sedimentation), washout (for example during rainfall or by wetting) and by impaction on surfaces (e.g. on vegetative screening). Dust can be re-suspended where conditions allow, such as from bare ground. Dust emissions from a minerals site, its propagation and potential impacts can be considered in terms of ‘source-pathway-receptor’ relationships. Dust can arise from a variety of processes and locations within a site and can be difficult to quantify. The common pathway for dust propagation is by air. Dust propagation depends on particle size, wind energy and disturbance activities. Large dust particles generally travel shorter distances than small particles. It is often considered that particles greater than 30 µm will largely deposit within 100 metres of sources, those between 10 – 30 µm to travel up to 250 – 500 metres and particles less than 10 µm to travel up to 1 km from sources.

h http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/review-and-assessment/tools/background-maps.html i Note that the expression ‘nuisance dust’ refers here to ‘generally visible particulate matter’ rather than specifically and in a legal sense to statutory nuisance, as defined in Section 79 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990.

http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/review-and-assessment/tools/background-maps.html


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5.3.1 Visible ‘nuisance’ dust ‘Nuisance’ dust is more readily described than defined as it relates to the visual impact of short-lived dust clouds and the long-term soiling of surfaces. It is commonly measured by directional and depositional sampling. Directional dust flux is the horizontal passage of dust past a point, usually driven by the wind, and dust deposition is the vertical passage of dust to a surface, driven by deposition velocity. In the absence of standards a range of methods has been developed to assess visible dust. The two principal approaches are based either on measurement of the mass of settled dust or the assessment of change in the properties of a surface such as its loss of reflectance or discolouration (‘soiling’) on a glass microscope slide or adhesive ‘sticky pad’. ‘Custom and practice’ thresholds for dust annoyance are commonly applied to these methods and minerals industry guidance recommends that site-specific thresholds should be agreed between the site operator and the regulator, as these will be appropriate for both the site and its surroundingsj. For a hard rock quarry, experience indicates that nuisance effects of dust arising from hard rock quarries may extend up to 500 m from the source although, as noted in various guidance documents, residents’ concerns are most likely to be experienced within 100 m of the dust source, or sources.

5.4 Dust sources The quantity and size range of dust likely to be generated at a minerals site depends on the type of material being worked and the processes applied. Friable materials such as coal or chalk can disaggregate easily to produce dust, but dust can also be produced from drilling and blasting hard rock such as granite or from disturbing dry sand or gravel. PGN 3/08 (12) states that dust emissions can arise from a range of processes at minerals sites. Arup Environmental (1995)k set out flowcharts to evaluate the potential for dust emissions to arise from hard rock quarries (reproduced at Appendix 1) and the AEA Good Practice Guide sets out a table of dust source types and characteristics for minerals sites (Appendix 2). There is a potential for dust emissions to occur at various stages of the operation, but these can generally be controlled by good practice. Potential sources or site activities likely to give rise to dust at Mancetter Quarry are:

• Soil stripping, storage and reinstatement; • Overburden removal, storage and reinstatement; • Drilling and blasting; • Mineral extraction; • Mineral processing; • RAP processing; • Mobile plant (both on-site and off-site vehicle movements); and

j AEA Technology (2010). Management, mitigation and monitoring of nuisance dust and PM10 emissions arising from the extractive industries: an overview k Arup Environmental (1995) The Environmental Effects of Dust from Surface Mineral Workings


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• Wind scouring of exposed surfaces and stockpiles. The potential dust sources at Mancetter Quarry are considered further below, with recommended control measures (Section 7, Dust Mitigation).

5.5 Dust receptors Dust receptors can be within or beyond the quarry boundaries. Whilst dust generation within a minerals site is primarily of concern to its operator, staff and visitors, dust can propagate beyond the site boundary to affect people and properties beyond, unless adequate control measures are in place. It is important to recognise that there may be other dust sources in the vicinity of a quarry (such as road traffic or arable farmland). Recent guidance for demolition and construction sitesl can be adapted to consider the ‘sensitivity’ of a locality to dust (reproduced at Table 1). In general, High sensitivity receptors are those who can reasonably expect a high level of amenity (such as dwellings), Medium sensitivity receptors would expect a moderate level of amenity (such as places of work) and Low sensitivity receptors would not expect a high level of amenity (such as farmland). Table 1: Sensitivity of the area to dust soiling effects on people and property (from IAQM, 2014)

The principal dust receptors in the vicinity of the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry are set out in Table 2 below, together with the minimum distance (in metres) to the existing site boundary, the distance to the extension area, the principal direction (or directions) to the receptor to the phase of quarry workings and the level of vegetative screening present.

l IAQM (2014) Guidance on the assessment of dust from demolition and construction


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Table 2: Principal dust ‘receptor’ locations, Mancetter Quarry extension

The distances shown in Table 2 are understood to be the minimum between any potential receptor and the given stage of site operations thus can be considered to represent a ‘worst case’ evaluation. From Table 1, most, if not all, receptors in Table 2 might be considered to have High sensitivity to dust. The sensitivity of the locality to dust, however, can be considered to

Location Easting Northing Site localityDirection/s to

site localityMinimum

distance (m) Screening1

1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury 431200 294534Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 295 High

The Sycamores, Oldbury 431275 294586Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 285 High

Oldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury 431306 294522

Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 360 High

1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury 431200 294534 Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 225 High

The Sycamores, Oldbury 431275 294586 Phase 1 restoration N 185 High

Oldbury Bungalow, Oldbury 431445 294633 Phase 1 restoration NNW 200 HighOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury 431367 294600 Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 190 HighOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury 431306 294522 Phase 1 restoration N 250 HighOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane 430295 295273

Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 450 High

Chase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane 430345 295499

Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 140 High

High View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane 430122 295215

Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 210 High

Purley Chase, Purley Chase Lane 430523 295613Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 315 High

Oldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane 430295 295273

Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 70 High

Chase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane 430345 295499

Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 420 High


Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 395 High

High View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane 430122 295215

Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 395 High


Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 315 High

Green Hills, Quarry Lane 431231 296064Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 100 High

Quarry Farm, Quarry Lane 431347 296045Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 50 Moderate

Stoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises 431558 295944

Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 200 High

Purley Chase, Purley Chase Lane 430523 295613 RAP processing NNE 315 High

Purley Chase, Purley Chase Lane 430523 295613 RAP screening E 225 HighChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane 430345 295499 RAP screening E 475 High

Notes:1 Assessment of screening is made from the level of vegetative (or other) screening between the potential source/s and receptor/s


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be Low, on the basis that although there are several potential receptors within 500 m of the proposed quarry extension (or current operations) most are beyond 50 m. With regard to ecological receptors, it is considered that where dust deposition levels are kept to those at which there is no perceptible nuisance to humans they can be expected to be below those at which ecological receptors would be affectedm.

5.6 Weather Weather conditions can have a significant effect on the potential for dust propagation from a minerals site. Of particular importance are wind speed (and direction) and precipitation. Dust can be carried from a source towards receptors (such as nearby homes and other businesses) according to the strength and direction of wind. Precipitation is recognised to suppress dust and 0.2 mm of antecedent rainfall is considered sufficient to suppress windblown dust for a number of hours. A wind rose for Coleshill (the nearest available reporting station to Mancetter Quarry), approximately 13 km to the south-west of the site) for all winds (for 2001 – 2010) is presented at Figure 2.

Figure 2: Wind rose (annual), Coleshill (2001 – 2010)

m Highways Agency (2007) Design Manual for Roads and Bridges (DMRB) Volume 11, Section 3, Annex F)


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Because there can be an increased risk of dust propagation in dry conditions, the wind rose for the summer months for the same period is presented at Figure 3.

Figure 3: Wind rose, summer months (June – August), Coleshill (2001 – 2010) For reference, 1 knot roughly approximates 0.5 m/s. Table 3 is a summary of wind speeds and associated potential for dust propagation, derived from relevant guidance. Table 3: Summary of wind speeds and associated potential for dust propagation (after AEA Technology, 2010)

From Table 3, wind speed (and direction) can be considered to indicate the likelihood of dust propagation by direction. For this assessment, wind-borne dust emissions have been considered in terms of ‘fugitive’ dust and ‘wind-blown’ dust. Fugitive dust emissions can occur at all wind speeds, including at low wind speeds, when fine particles are disturbed and released by physical activities such as excavating, loading, tipping and transport. Winds of more than around 10 knots (above 5 – 6 m/s) across loose fine materials (such as stockpiles or bare ground) can cause wind-blown dust emissions.

Wind speed (m/s) DescriptionBelow 0.5 essentially calm, very low potential for dust movement0.5 – 2 low wind speeds, low potential for dust movement2 – 6 ‘average’ wind speeds, moderate potential for dust movement6 – 10 high wind speeds, reasonable potential for dust movementAbove 10 very high wind speeds, significant potential for dust movement


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The frequency of winds at Coleshill by direction for all wind speeds (i.e. winds associated with fugitive dust emissions) and for wind speeds over 10 knots (i.e. winds associated with wind-blown dust emissions) for all months of the year and for the summer months is shown in Table 4. Table 4: Wind frequency (all months and summer months) by direction, Coleshill, 2001 – 2010 for all wind speeds (associated with fugitive dust) and winds above 10 knots (associated with wind-blown dust)

6 AIR QUALITY AND DUST ASSESSMENT

6.1 PM10 impact assessment and significance Recent guidance sets out procedures for assessing the potential impacts of proposed developments on local air quality indicators such as PM10

n. This guidance seeks to provide advice on describing potential impacts on air quality from developments and assessing their significance. Whilst primarily designed for residential and mixed-use developments some of the principles outlined in this guidance can be applied to the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry. The magnitude of potential impacts on local air quality arising from the proposed extension can be described in relation to the potential change in pollutant concentrations that might be caused at an off-site receptor by the proposed development. Definitions of impact magnitude for changes in pollutant concentration are reproduced in Appendix 3. The recommended definitions for changes in annual PM10 concentrations are set out in Table A1 and the definitions for changes in the number of days above 50 µg/m3 are set out in Table A2.

n Environmental Protection UK, 2010: Development Control: Planning For Air Quality (2010 Update)

All speeds (fugitive dust)

Winds > 10 knots (wind-blown dust)

All speeds (fugitive dust)

Winds > 10 knots (wind-blown dust)

N 8.5% 0.5% 7.5% 0.5%NNE 6.0% 0.5% 4.5% 0.0%ENE 5.0% 0.5% 3.5% 0.0%

E 3.0% 0.0% 3.0% 0.0%ESE 3.5% 0.5% 3.0% 0.0%SSE 7.5% 1.0% 6.5% 0.5%

S 16.5% 3.5% 15.5% 2.5%SSW 15.0% 4.0% 15.5% 2.0%

WSW 9.5% 1.0% 10.5% 0.0%W 7.5% 2.0% 8.0% 1.0%

WNW 9.0% 1.0% 11.5% 1.0%NNW 8.5% 1.0% 10.0% 1.0%

Calms/no data 0.5% n/a 0.0% n/aAll directions 100% 15.5% 99.0% 8.5%

All months Summer months


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Descriptors for associated air quality impacts, based on the concentration changes in Table A1 and Table A2, are set out in Table A3 and Table A4. From this, the overall significance of the potential air quality impacts can be determined. Factors to judge overall significance are set out in Table A5 and a flow chart to assess significance of air quality impacts of a development proposal is reproduced at Figure A1.

6.2 PM10 assessment As set out above, the potential impacts on AQO for the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry can be determined by comparing the total predicted environmental concentration (PEC) of PM10 estimated to arise from the proposed operations with the annual mean objective; the PEC is the sum of the existing background ambient concentration (AC) and the expected process contribution (PC). For this assessment, the AC has been determined from the Defra national annual estimated average background concentrations largely on the basis that exceedences of the PM10 objectives are considered unlikely at any location within NWBC. The Defra estimated PM10 concentrations for 2010 (the Defra baseline year), 2014 and 2020 for the grid squares nearest to the proposed quarry extension are set out in Table 5. Table 5: Estimated background ambient PM10 concentrations (AC) for the grid squares in which the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry is located

Table 5 shows that the 2014 predicted PM10 background concentration in the vicinity of Mancetter Quarry would be approximately 40 % of the annual mean objective (40 µg/m3), predicted to fall to around 37% of that level by 2020. Estimation of the PC from the proposed operations is problematic in that the processes involved would not be continuous at any one location (as might be the case for an industrial flue stack, for example). At the Mancetter Quarry extension, a range of activities can be anticipated which, as set out above, might generate dust, but the levels of dust will vary and are difficult to accurately predict. However, available guidance and publications point to means by which a reasonable assessment might be undertaken. Firstly, PM10 levels fall with distance from a source. As shown in Previous Technical Guidance for Local Air Quality Management (LAQM)o, Figure A2 sets out the modelled fall-off in PM10 concentrations with distance around a ‘worst case’ coal

o DEFRA, 2003. Local Air Quality Management Technical Guidance LAQM.TG (03) (replaced by LAQM.TG (09))

2010 2014 2020

430500 296500 15.09 14.42 13.65

431500 296500 15.49 14.76 13.96

430500 295500 17.77 17.36 16.95

431500 295500 15.54 14.92 14.20

15.97 15.36 14.69Average

PM10 concentration (μg/m3)Grid reference (easting, northing)


17

handling plant, showing that PM10 concentrations fall rapidly with distance and can be considered to approach background levels within 200 m of a source. Secondly, by way of example from a sand quarry, monitoring data for Crown Farm Quarry, near Northwich, Cheshire indicated that any increases in PM10 due to the quarry were small and, as the baseline PM10 concentrations were already low, there were unlikely to be any breaches of NAQS objectivesp. For that site (producing approximately 200,000 tonnes per year), the average increase in PM10 concentrations over background levels attributable to the quarry, at a location immediately downwind of the operational area, were accepted to be in the order of 2.3 µg/m3. From this, it appears reasonable to consider that for a very cautious, ‘worst-case’ estimate, any increase in PM10 concentrations over background levels immediately downwind of the operational area and attributable to the quarry extension (i.e. the PC) should be no more than 2.3 µg/m3 (and probably less). From above, the AC (i.e. the Defra estimated background PM10 concentration for 2010) is 15.97 µg/m3, therefore indicating that at worst, the PEC for the quarry extension might be around 18.3 µg/m3 immediately downwind of any operational area of the site. Concentrations would be expected to fall proportionally with distance in accordance with Figure A2. From Table A1, the magnitude of an estimated daily change in PM10 concentrations at any receptor location between 2 – 3 µg/m3 can be described as ‘Medium’. From Table A3, where the expected magnitude of change in PM10 concentrations is Medium and where the absolute concentrations with the scheme are below 30 µg/m3, the change in annual mean concentrations can be described as ‘Negligible’. With regard to the 24-hour PM10 threshold, Figure A3 shows the relationship between the number of 24-hour exceedences of the 50 µg/m3 AQO per year and the annual mean PM10 concentration. Therefore, if the annual mean PM10 concentration were around 18.3 µg/m3, Figure A3 shows that, at worst, the proposed quarry extension might lead to around 1 – 2 exceedences of the 50 µg/m3 AQO per year. From Table A2, the magnitude of an estimated change in the number of days exceeding the 50 µg/m3 AQO at any receptor location from 1 – 2 days can be described as ‘Small’. From Table A4, where the expected change in the number of days exceeding the 50 µg/m3 AQO is Small and where there would be less than 26 days above the 50 µg/m3 AQO, the change in the number of days exceeding the 50 µg/m3 AQO can also be described as ‘Negligible’. Consequently, the proposed quarry extension at Mancetter Quarry would have essentially no impact on the AQO for PM10 for NWBC.

6.3 Dust assessment The potential for annoyance impacts to occur through ‘nuisance’ dust from the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry have been assessed in terms of a site-specific desk-top dust impact assessment.

p Planning Inspectorate Reference APP/Q2371/A/07/2035175/NWF


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6.3.1 Dust impact assessment From above, the potential for dust annoyance impacts to occur as a result of the proposed quarry and land restoration operations at and around the proposed quarry extension can be considered in relation to wind speed and direction, distance and the level of screening between the potential source of dust and receptors. The risk of adverse impacts due to dust can be estimated by combining the magnitude of the impact and the probability of that impact occurring. The methodology applied below has been developed from established guidanceq. As set out above, there is a close relationship between wind speed and dust propagation, and the direction of dust propagation will therefore vary accordingly. From this, the potential for dust propagation towards off-site receptors from a minerals site can be determined in relation to wind speed and direction. Factors indicating the likelihood of dust impact in relation to wind frequency are set out in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Likelihood of wind-blown dust impact in relation to wind frequency As noted above, the level of screening and distance between a potential dust source and receptor can be anticipated to affect the potential for dust propagation towards a potential receptor. Criteria to assess the potential for dust propagation in relation to the level of screening and distance are set out in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Potential magnitude of dust impacts in relation to distance and screening The potential for adverse annoyance impacts due to dust at an off-site receptor can therefore be assessed from the likelihood of dust propagation by wind (from Figure 4) and the magnitude of potential impact, based on distance from the source and the level of screening (Figure 5). Criteria to describe the risk of potential impacts from dust in relation to the factors in Figure 4 and Figure 5 are set out in Figure 6.

q A Guide to Risk Assessment and Risk Management for Environmental Protection, DoE, 1995

Frequency of winds Likelihood of impact

<3% negligible

3 – 10% low

11 – 20% medium

>20% high

Screening 0 – 50m 50 – 100m 100 – 250m >250m

None or ineffective (large or frequent gaps)

severe severe moderate mild

Partially screened (some gaps) severe moderate mild negligible

Fully screened (high thick hedges or woodland)

moderate mild negligible negligible

Source – Receptor Distance


19

Figure 6: Dust impact risk criteria in relation to potential magnitude of impact and likelihood due to frequency of winds From above, the potential for adverse impacts from dust arising from the proposed quarry extension can be assessed from the layout of the site (including its planned phasing), the distance/s and direction/s to potential off-site receptors, and the wind speed and direction, in relation to the relevant criteria. For this assessment, the potential for dust impacts to occur at the receptors in the locality of the site (as set out in Table 2) has been determined in relation to the criteria in Figure 4 – Figure 6 for fugitive dust (i.e. for all wind speeds) for all winds, and for ‘dry’ winds, and also for wind-blown dust (i.e. winds over 10 knots), again for all winds and ‘dry’ winds. The outcome of the dust assessments for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) are set out in Table 10 for all winds and Table 11 for summer winds. This aspect of the assessment is summarised in Table 6. The outcome of the assessments for wind-blown dust (i.e. wind speeds above 10 knots) are set out in Table 12 (all winds) and Table 13 (summer winds); these are summarised in Table 7. Table 10 – Table 13 are found after the main text of this report. The assessments in Table 10 – Table 13 should be read from left to right with reference to the criteria in Figure 4 – Figure 6. Therefore, Table 10 – Table 13 show that the likelihood of potential impact has been determined in relation to Figure 4 for those aspects of the proposed quarry extension within 500 m of off-site receptors, relative to the direction/s to the operation and the frequency of winds from those direction/s. Table 10 – Table 13 show that the magnitude of potential impact has been determined with regard to Figure 5 from the distance between the receptor/s and the proposed quarry extension and the level of screening between them. Finally, the risk of dust impacts are shown in Table 10 – Table 13 (and reproduced in Table 6 and Table 7). The risk of dust impacts has been determined from the likelihood and magnitude of potential impact that have been calculated, in relation to Figure 6.

6.3.1.1 Dust risk assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) As set out above, fugitive dust can occur at all wind speeds, including low wind speeds, from disturbance activities such as tipping and loading (in dry conditions), so the possibility that dust impacts could occur at the identified off-site receptor locations when site operations are ongoing in close proximity to the nearest site boundary should be considered.

Severe Moderate Mild Negligible

High high high medium / low near zero

Medium high medium low near zero

Low high / medium medium / low low near zero

Negligiblehigh / medium /

lowmedium / low low near zeroLi

kelih

ood

of im

pact

Magnitude of impact


20

Table 6 is a summary of the dust assessment for fugitive dust that is set out in Table 10 and Table 11 (after the main text). As noted above, the distance/s between any potential receptor and site operations is understood to be the minimum possible, thus the dust ‘risk’ determined below represents a ‘worst case’ evaluation for each receptor. Table 6: Summary of dust impact assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) for all months and summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 10 and Table 11, and Table 6, show that there would be essentially no risk of adverse dust impacts from the nearest aspects of the proposed quarry extension at all potential receptors except at Quarry Farm, where there is a High risk from dust impacts arising from the plant site and site entrance for all winds and summer winds; there is a Medium-low risk at Oldbury Farm for all winds and summer winds, during Phase 2 stripping and the subsequent restoration of that section of the site. From Table 2 (and Drawing No. 2), Quarry Farm is adjacent to the site entrance and only benefits from a moderate level of screening. Oldbury Farm is near the north-western extent of the Western Landform Restoration; as set out elsewhere, this section of the site would be restored from Phase 2 onwards. As set out above, fugitive dust can occur in all wind conditions (even low speeds) and, at Quarry Farm, may therefore arise from passing quarry traffic. At Oldbury Farm, dust could arise from physical activities such as tipping and overburden placement, so considerable care must be taken when such activities take place at the north-western boundary of the Phase 2 stripping and restoration, especially in dry conditions. Appropriate mitigation measures for processes likely to generate fugitive dust are set out in Section 7 below.

Location Site locality All months Summer months1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Medium-low Medium-lowChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration Near zero Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance Near zero Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance High HighStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening Near zero Near zero

Notes:

Risk of potential impact1

1 Risk of potential impact based on magnitude and likelihood


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6.3.1.2 Dust risk assessment for wind-blown dust (wind speeds above 10 knots) As also set out above, wind-blown dust can occur from bare ground (in dry conditions) so the possibility that dust impacts could occur at off-site receptor locations in certain circumstances during higher wind speeds should also be considered. Table 7 is a summary of the dust assessment for wind-blown dust (i.e. winds over 10 knots); the assessment is set out in full in Table 12 (for all winds) and in Table 13 for ‘summer’ winds. Table 7: Summary of dust impact assessment for wind-blown dust (winds above 10 knots), for all months and summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

In general, the assessed risk of adverse impacts due to wind-blown dust for all winds is very similar to that for fugitive dust in that there is a Near Zero risk at most receptors. Also, as shown in Table 12 and Table 13, and Table 7, there is a High risk of impacts from wind-blown dust for all winds and for summer winds at Quarry Farm and a Medium-Low risk for all categories of winds at Oldbury Farm, again during the Phase 2 stripping and the subsequent restoration. As set out above, wind-blown dust can be raised from dry exposed surfaces when winds are typically above 10 knots. Appropriate mitigation measures to reduce the risk of wind-blown dust from exposed surfaces at this site are set out in Section 7.

7 DUST MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION The proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry would be operated in accordance with LT’s Environmental Management System (EMS) for the existing quarry, which is

Location Site locality All months Summer months1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Medium-low Medium-lowChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration Near zero Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance Near zero Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance High HighStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening Near zero Near zero



Notes:


22

accredited to ISO 14001. The control of dust emissions, including the current dust management scheme, forms an integral part of the EMS. Specific dust sources associated with the proposed quarry extension, and recommended mitigation and management methods, are set out below.

7.1.1 Soil stripping, storage and reinstatement There is potential for high levels of fugitive and wind-blown dust emissions from soil stripping, storage and reinstatement although these are generally short-term, transient operations. Unacceptable dust emissions from soil stripping, storage and reinstatement can be controlled by minimising working of soil in very dry, windy conditions, by reducing drop heights at material transfer points and controlling vehicle speeds.

7.1.2 Overburden removal, storage and reinstatement There is a potential for moderate to high levels of dust emission during overburden handling, storage and replacement, although overburden can usually be worked at higher moisture contents than soils thus reducing the risk of unacceptable dust emissions.

7.1.3 Drilling and blasting There is a high potential for dust emissions from drilling and blasting, particularly when these operations take place at higher levels of a quarry. Drilling and blasting is carried out by an external contractor on an approximately twice-monthly basis. The drilling rigs used by the contractor are modern self-propelled units which are equipped with cyclones and filtration systems to minimise dust emissions. The blasting operations are designed to minimise excessive breakage, fly rock, noise and vibration and this will also reduce dust emissions. At lower levels, therefore, dust emissions from blasting would be short-lived and tend to be retained within the quarry void. Given the distance between the mineral extraction areas and the site boundary, drilling and blasting in the quarry void is unlikely to result in significant dust emissions beyond the quarry boundary.

7.1.4 Mineral extraction There is a moderate risk of fugitive dust emissions from mineral extraction but, as with drilling and blasting, given the distance between the mineral extraction areas and the site boundary, mineral extraction is also unlikely to result in significant dust emissions beyond the quarry boundary. Dust emissions from exposed surfaces can, however, be minimised by wetting down with the existing water bowser (retained at the site) if necessary, especially in periods of dry, windy weather.


23

7.1.5 Mineral processing (crushing and screening) There is a moderate risk of fugitive dust emissions from crushing and screening plant although unacceptable emissions can usually be controlled by ensuring that dust control measures on the plant are properly operational. There is a high risk of dust emissions from open conveyors, at transfer points and at conveyor discharge points onto stockpiles. Water sprays are fitted to conveyor transfer points with dust extraction and local exhaust ventilation (LEV) fitted to process plant to control dust emissions. The use of water sprays at the screens and at transfer points reduces the amount of airborne dust arising from mineral processing at the plant site.

7.1.6 Mobile plant and on-site haul roads There is a high risk of dust emissions from transport on unpaved roads unless appropriate mitigation measures are applied. Dust may be generated from downward-blowing exhausts and cooling fans, so only mobile plant that avoids such risks with upward or sideways exhausts should be used. All site haulage should keep to designated haul routes. Vehicles leaving the site should be sheeted and be checked for loose deposits that could fall onto the public highway. Any spillages should be cleared as quickly as possible by appropriate means to prevent unnecessary track-out onto the public highway. A tractor and bowser is used for damping down roads around the plant area and quarry. Unmade access roads should be kept in good repair and vehicle speed limits should be determined by the Quarry Manager according to the site and weather conditions pertaining at the time. There is a 15 mph speed limit on the site access road and at the plant site. Quarry plant regularly crosses Purley Chase Lane and a powered road sweeper is used daily to clean roads and reduce the potential for track-out onto the public highway. Most of the area accessed by HGV traffic is hard surfaced and cleaned daily.

7.1.7 Recycled Asphalt Product (RAP) Processing RAP is largely processed on a campaign basis by an external contractor using mobile crushing and screening plant although some screening is carried out by LT. There is a moderate risk of fugitive dust emissions from mobile crushing and screening plant although unacceptable emissions can usually be controlled by ensuring that fitted dust control measures are operational. As with mineral processing there is a high risk of dust emissions from open conveyors, transfer points and at conveyor discharge points onto stockpiles. The campaign RAP operations take place in a compact and sheltered part of Purley Quarry and the LT RAP screening takes place as required at a sheltered location to the west of the main plant area.


24

Consequently, provided that care is taken to control emissions arising from RAP processing in dry, windy weather, unacceptable dust impacts from this aspect of operations at Mancetter Quarry are unlikely.

7.1.8 Wind-whip from bare ground and exposed surfaces (including stockpiles) There is a moderate risk of wind-blown dust propagation from dry surface layers of stripped surfaces, freshly-constructed soil storage bunds prior to seeding and from bare ground. Dust emissions from exposed surfaces can be minimised by wetting down with a water bowser as necessary, especially in periods of dry, windy weather. Where practicable, stockpiles should be managed to maintain a smooth profile to minimise the spreading of loose materials and should be disturbed as little as possible to encourage the formation and stabilisation of a surface crust. Where possible, conveyor discharge heights should be adjusted to minimise drop heights. It might be necessary to wet down stockpiled mineral to reduce the risk of wind-blow from exposed surfaces.

7.2 Dust management

7.2.1 General As noted above, Mancetter Quarry operates in accordance with LT’s Environmental Management System (EMS), which is accredited to ISO 14001. The EMS would also apply to the quarry extension. As part of the EMS, site dust control measures are monitored by daily inspections.

7.2.2 Visible dust emissions Should visible dust be generated, the source/s of the dust should be identified and the necessary corrective action should be taken. Each event, its cause and the action taken should be recorded in the site logbook. If necessary, to avoid nuisance impacts at off-site receptors, site operations causing visible dust emissions across the site boundary towards a sensitive receptor should be reduced or suspended until the emissions can be controlled. Site personnel should be empowered to take appropriate action whenever visible dust emissions are observed, or appear likely to occur, as a result of any operation or process on the site.

7.2.3 Weather During dry windy conditions, if any operations are identified as causing or likely to cause visible dust emissions across site boundaries, or if abnormal emissions are observed within the site, site operations should be halted or modified until effective remedial actions can be taken and/or the weather conditions giving rise to the emissions have moderated.


25

7.2.4 Complaints procedure No dust complaints have been recorded at Mancetter Quarry by either the site operator or NWBC. The quarry participates in a local liaison group where local residents’ concerns are addressed. In the event of a complaint from a member of the public regarding dust emissions from the site, a record should be kept and made available to the Minerals Planning Authority (MPA) as required. All complaints should be investigated as soon as possible and the complainant kept informed throughout the investigation. The MPA should be informed promptly that a complaint has been received and be kept informed of the results of any subsequent investigation.

7.3 Review The recommended dust mitigation and management measures above essentially come together to form a Dust Management Plan (DMP) which should be reviewed and revised as required during the working life of the site until restoration is complete.

8 RESIDUAL EFFECTS Residual effects are essentially those impacts that cannot reasonably be mitigated. From above, appropriate dust mitigation and management measures have been identified and set out for the proposed quarry extension. Such measures are generally accepted by regulatory bodies and the surface minerals industry as providing effective control against the impacts of airborne dust.

8.1 Residual PM10 assessment For PM10, from the background concentrations and the nature of the operations proposed, after mitigation there is very little potential for site operations to cause a breach of either the 24-hour or annual objectives for PM10.

8.2 Residual dust risk assessment For visible dust emissions, the magnitude of potential impacts arising from the proposed development was assessed in relation to an established methodology, whereby the magnitude of impact was determined in relation to distance between source and receptor and the level of screening present. The adoption of mitigation measures as set out above can be anticipated to result in a reduction by at least one level in the magnitude of the impacts at each receptor. On this basis, ‘severe’ impacts become ‘moderate’, ‘moderate’ impacts become ‘mild’ and ‘mild’ impacts become ‘negligible’, resulting in consequently lowered risks.


26

8.2.1 Residual dust risk assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) Table 8 is a summary of the assessment for residual risk for fugitive dust; the complete assessments are set out in Table 14 and Table 15 after the main text of this report. Table 8: Summary of residual dust impact assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds) for all months and summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Table 8, and Table 14 and Table 15 show that the assessed residual risk of dust impacts due to fugitive dust is generally very low, with a Medium-low risk only at Quarry Farm due to its proximity to the site entrance. Consequently, particular care should be taken in very dry and dusty conditions to minimise the risk of adverse dust impacts at Quarry Farm by ensuring that the site access road is kept as clean as possible and that vehicle speeds are kept within the 15 mph site speed limit.

8.2.2 Residual dust risk assessment for wind-blown dust (winds above 10 knots) The residual dust risk assessment for wind-blown dust (i.e. winds over 10 knots) is summarised in Table 9 and set out in full in Table 16 (for all the year) and in Table 17 (after the main text) for summer winds.

Location Site locality All months Summer months1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration Near zero Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance Near zero Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance Medium-low Medium-lowStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening Near zero Near zero


Notes: 1 Risk of potential impact based on magnitude and likelihood, with mitigation


27

Table 9: Summary of residual dust impact assessment for wind-blown dust (winds above 10 knots), for all months and summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry

Consequently, Table 9, and Table 16 and Table 17 show that after mitigation there is essentially no risk from adverse dust impacts at all off-site receptors except Quarry Farm arising from wind-blown dust associated with the proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry. After mitigation, there is a Medium-low risk for wind-blown dust during all months of the year and for the summer months, when conditions are likely to be drier and the likelihood of dust propagation is higher. Therefore, as with fugitive dust, particular care should be taken in very dry and dusty conditions to minimise the risk of adverse dust impacts at Quarry Farm by ensuring that the site access road is kept as clean as possible and that vehicle speeds are kept within the 15 mph site speed limit.

9 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY Lafarge Tarmac are seeking to extend the operational life of Mancetter Quarry for a further six to seven years beyond the currently estimated five to six years at current rates of production. Mancetter Quarry is an important source of mineral for roadstone and the quarry operates two asphalt plants for road surfacing. Neither the rate of production nor the nature of operations would be changed as a result of this development. The asphalt plants are regulated separately and the assessment did not consider emissions from them.

Location Site locality All months Summer months1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction Near zero Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction Near zero Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration Near zero Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration Near zero Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance Near zero Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance Medium-low Medium-lowStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing Near zero Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening Near zero Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening Near zero Near zero

1 Risk of potential impact based on magnitude and likelihood, with mitigation


Notes:


28

After completion of operations the quarry would be restored to a variety of uses including woodland, grassland and wetland, with public access via existing and restored rights of way. The assessment considered the potential impacts on the Air Quality Objectives (AQO) and ‘nuisance’ dust arising from the proposed quarry extension, and from Recycled Asphalt Product (RAP) processing, which also takes place at Mancetter Quarry. The assessment also considered the impacts of exhaust emissions from Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV) and other vehicles associated with the quarry extension. The assessment found that there would be essentially no adverse impacts on AQO arising from the proposed extension. With regard to dust impacts on nearby receptors, the quarry is generally well screened by woodland and most are unlikely to be affected by dust arising from the proposed operations. Without mitigation, impacts are possible at Quarry Farm due to traffic using the site access road and at Oldbury Farm due to materials handling during Phase 3 of site restoration. The site operates in accordance with an Environmental Management Scheme (EMS) accredited to ISO 14001, and mitigation measures were set out for specific activities likely to be associated with dust emissions arising as a result of the proposed extension. With mitigation, however, impacts are unlikely at Oldbury Farm but there remains, as with current operations, a moderate level of risk for nuisance impacts at Quarry Farm. As set out in this report, particular care should be taken in very dry and dusty conditions to minimise the risk of adverse dust impacts at Quarry Farm by ensuring that the site access road is kept as clean as possible and that vehicle speeds are kept within the 15 mph site speed limit.

DustScan Ltd September 2014

DRAFT Air Quality and Dust Assessment Proposed quarry extension, Mancetter Quarry For: Lafarge Tarmac DustScan Ltd

TABLES Table 10: Dust impact assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds), all months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry


Location Site locality Direction Frequency of

winds (%) Likelihood Distance (m) Screening Magnitude Risk1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 17.5 Medium 295 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 17.5 Medium 285 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 17.5 Medium 360 High Negligible Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 14.5 Medium 225 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 8.5 Low 185 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW 8.5 Low 200 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 17.0 Medium 190 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 8.5 Low 250 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 11.0 Medium 450 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 24.0 High 140 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 19.0 Medium 210 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 31.5 High 315 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 41.5 High 70 High Mild Medium-lowChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 24.0 High 420 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 6.5 Low 395 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 6.5 Low 395 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 11.0 Medium 315 High Negligible Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 45.5 High 100 High Negligible Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 58.0 High 50 Moderate Moderate HighStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 41.0 High 200 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing NNE 6.0 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 3.0 Low 225 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 3.0 Low 475 High Negligible Near zero


Likelihood of potential impact1 Magnitude of potential impact2

Notes: 1 Likelihood of occurrence based on frequency of winds over given direction/s2 Magnitude of potential impact based on level of screening and distance


Table 11: Dust impact assessment for fugitive dust (all wind speeds), summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry



winds (%) Likelihood Distance (m) Screening Magnitude Risk1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 21.5 High 295 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 21.5 High 285 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 21.5 High 360 High Negligible Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 12.0 Medium 225 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 7.5 Low 185 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW 10.0 Low 200 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 17.5 Medium 190 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 7.5 Low 250 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 9.5 Low 450 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 22.0 High 140 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 16.0 Medium 210 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 31.0 High 315 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 36.0 High 70 High Mild Medium-lowChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 22.0 High 420 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 6.0 Low 395 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 6.0 Low 395 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 9.5 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 43.5 High 100 High Negligible Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 63.0 High 50 Moderate Moderate HighStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 45.5 High 200 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing NNE 4.5 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 3.0 Low 225 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 3.0 Low 475 High Negligible Near zero

Notes: 1 Likelihood of occurrence based on frequency of winds over given direction/s2 Magnitude of potential impact based on level of screening and distance3 Risk of potential impact based on magnitude and likelihood



Table 12: Dust impact assessment for wind-blown dust (wind speeds >10 knots), all months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry



winds (%) Likelihood Distance (m) Screening Magnitude Risk1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 295 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 285 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 360 High Negligible Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 1.0 Negligible 225 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 0.5 Negligible 185 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW 1.0 Negligible 200 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 1.5 Negligible 190 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 0.5 Negligible 250 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 1.5 Negligible 450 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 4.5 Low 140 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 2.0 Negligible 210 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 7.5 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 6.0 Low 70 High Mild Medium-lowChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 4.5 Low 420 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 0.5 Negligible 395 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 0.5 Negligible 395 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 1.5 Negligible 315 High Negligible Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 9.0 Low 100 High Negligible Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 9.5 Low 50 Moderate Moderate HighStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 8.0 Low 200 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing NNE 0.5 Negligible 315 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 0.0 Negligible 225 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 0.0 Negligible 475 High Negligible Near zero

2 Magnitude of potential impact based on level of screening and distance, with mitigation3 Risk of potential impact based on magnitude and likelihood, after mitigation


Notes: 1 Likelihood of occurrence based on frequency of winds over given direction/s


Table 13: Dust impact assessment for wind-blown dust (wind speeds >10 knots), summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry



winds (%) Likelihood Distance (m) Screening Magnitude Risk1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 295 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 285 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 360 High Negligible Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 0.5 Negligible 225 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 0.5 Negligible 185 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW 1.0 Negligible 200 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 1.5 Negligible 190 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 0.5 Negligible 250 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 0.5 Negligible 450 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 3.0 Low 140 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 0.5 Negligible 210 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 4.5 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 3.0 Low 70 High Mild Medium-lowChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 3.0 Low 420 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 0.0 Negligible 395 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 0.0 Negligible 395 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 0.5 Negligible 315 High Negligible Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 5.0 Low 100 High Negligible Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 5.5 Low 50 Moderate Moderate HighStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 4.0 Low 200 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing NNE 0.0 Negligible 315 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 0.0 Negligible 225 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 0.0 Negligible 475 High Negligible Near zero

Notes: 1 Likelihood of occurrence based on frequency of winds over given direction/s2 Magnitude of potential impact based on level of screening and distance, with mitigation3 Risk of potential impact based on magnitude and likelihood, after mitigation



Table 14: Dust impact assessment (with mitigation) for fugitive dust (all wind speeds), all months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry



winds (%) Likelihood Distance (m) Screening Magnitude Risk1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 17.5 Medium 295 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 17.5 Medium 285 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 17.5 Medium 360 High Negligible Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 14.5 Medium 225 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 8.5 Low 185 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW 8.5 Low 200 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 17.0 Medium 190 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 8.5 Low 250 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 11.0 Medium 450 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 24.0 High 140 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 19.0 Medium 210 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 31.5 High 315 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 41.5 High 70 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 24.0 High 420 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 6.5 Low 395 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 6.5 Low 395 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 11.0 Medium 315 High Negligible Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 45.5 High 100 High Negligible Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 58.0 High 50 Moderate Mild Medium-lowStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 41.0 High 200 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing NNE 6.0 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 3.0 Low 225 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 3.0 Low 475 High Negligible Near zero

3 Risk of potential impact based on magnitude and likelihood, after mitigation


Notes: 1 Likelihood of occurrence based on frequency of winds over given direction/s2 Magnitude of potential impact based on level of screening and distance, with mitigation


Table 15: Dust impact assessment (with mitigation) for fugitive dust (all wind speeds), summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry



winds (%) Likelihood Distance (m) Screening Magnitude Risk1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 21.5 High 295 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 21.5 High 285 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 21.5 High 360 High Negligible Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 12.0 Medium 225 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 7.5 Low 185 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW 10.0 Low 200 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 17.5 Medium 190 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 7.5 Low 250 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 9.5 Low 450 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 22.0 High 140 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 16.0 Medium 210 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 31.0 High 315 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 36.0 High 70 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 22.0 High 420 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 6.0 Low 395 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 6.0 Low 395 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 9.5 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 43.5 High 100 High Negligible Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 63.0 High 50 Moderate Mild Medium-lowStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 45.5 High 200 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing NNE 4.5 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 3.0 Low 225 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 3.0 Low 475 High Negligible Near zero




Table 16: Dust impact assessment (with mitigation) for wind-blown dust (wind speeds >10 knots), all months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry



winds (%) Likelihood Distance (m) Screening Magnitude Risk1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 295 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 285 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 360 High Negligible Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 1.0 Negligible 225 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 0.5 Negligible 185 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW 1.0 Negligible 200 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 1.5 Negligible 190 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 0.5 Negligible 250 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 1.5 Negligible 450 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 4.5 Low 140 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 2.0 Negligible 210 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 7.5 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 6.0 Low 70 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 4.5 Low 420 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 0.5 Negligible 395 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 0.5 Negligible 395 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 1.5 Negligible 315 High Negligible Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 9.0 Low 100 High Negligible Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 9.5 Low 50 Moderate Mild Medium-lowStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 8.0 Low 200 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing NNE 0.5 Negligible 315 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 0.0 Negligible 225 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 0.0 Negligible 475 High Negligible Near zero

3 Risk of potential impact based on magnitude and likelihood, after mitigation


Notes: 1 Likelihood of occurrence based on frequency of winds over given direction/s2 Magnitude of potential impact based on level of screening and distance, with mitigation


Table 17: Dust impact assessment (with mitigation) for wind-blown dust (wind speeds >10 knots), summer months, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry



winds (%) Likelihood Distance (m) Screening Magnitude Risk1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 295 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 285 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 stripping & mineral extraction WNW - NNW 2.0 Negligible 360 High Negligible Near zero1 & 2 The Lodge, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N - NNE 0.5 Negligible 225 High Negligible Near zeroThe Sycamores, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 0.5 Negligible 185 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Bungalow, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW 1.0 Negligible 200 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Hall Gardens and The Mews, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration NNW - N 1.5 Negligible 190 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Grange & Grange Cottage, Oldbury Phase 1 restoration N 0.5 Negligible 250 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 mineral extraction ESE - SSE 0.5 Negligible 450 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration SSE - S 3.0 Low 140 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration ENE - SSE 0.5 Negligible 210 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration S - SSW 4.5 Low 315 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 2 stripping & restoration NNE - S 3.0 Low 70 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction SSE - S 3.0 Low 420 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 mineral extraction E - ESE 0.0 Negligible 395 High Negligible Near zeroHigh View & Delamere, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration E - SSE 0.0 Negligible 395 High Negligible Near zeroOldbury Farm, Purley Chase Lane Phase 3 & 4 stripping and restoration ESE - SSE 0.5 Negligible 315 High Negligible Near zeroGreen Hills, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance E - SSW 5.0 Low 100 High Negligible Near zeroQuarry Farm, Quarry Lane Plant site and site entrance SSW - N 5.5 Low 50 Moderate Mild Medium-lowStoneleigh Quarry Farm, The Premises Plant site and site entrance SSW - WNW 4.0 Low 200 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP processing NNE 0.0 Negligible 315 High Negligible Near zeroPurley Chase, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 0.0 Negligible 225 High Negligible Near zeroChase Cottage & Keepers Cottage, Purley Chase Lane RAP screening E 0.0 Negligible 475 High Negligible Near zero




DRAWINGS Drawing No. 1: Site locality, proposed extension to Mancetter Quarry


Drawing No. 2: Current situation and block phasing for proposed extension, Mancetter Quarry


PLATES

Plate 1: Mancetter Quarry, looking south from Purley Chase Lane

Plate 2: Mancetter Quarry, looking north-east from near Oldbury Farm


APPENDIX 1 Extracts from The Environmental Effects of Dust from Surface Mineral Workings (Arup Environmental, 1995)


APPENDIX 2 Dust source types and characteristics (from AEA Good Practice Guide, 2010)


APPENDIX 3 Extracts from Development Control: Planning For Air Quality (2010 Update) (Environmental Protection UK, 2010) Table A1: Definition of impact magnitude for changes in annual mean NO2 and PM10 concentration (for England, Wales and Northern Ireland)

Table A2: Definition of impact magnitude for changes in number of days with PM10 concentration greater than 50 µg m-3 (for England, Wales and Northern Ireland)

Table A3: Air quality impact descriptors for changes to annual mean NO2 concentrations at a receptor (also applicable to annual mean PM10 concentrations in England, Wales and Northern Ireland)


Table A4: Air quality impact descriptors for changes to number of days with PM10 concentration greater than 50 µg m-3 at a receptor (for England, Wales and Northern Ireland)

Table A5: Factors to judge overall significance in air quality assessment


Figure A1: Steps for Local Authority to assess overall significance of air quality impacts of a development proposal


APPENDIX 4 Extracts from Local Air Quality Management Technical Guidance LAQM.TG (03) (superseded by LAQM.TG (09))

Figure A2: Modelled fall-off in concentrations of PM10 with distance from sources, normalised to 1 at 10 m from source

Figure A3: Relationship between the number of 24-hour exceedences of 50 µg/m3 and the annual mean concentration, derived from UK Automatic Network Sites 1997 – 2001

air quality and dust assessment, proposed quarry …

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