air quality management at urban regional and … · uni en 14902-2005. measurements of metals in...
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AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES 4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
WHERE…
Monitoring sites
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
Rural site
Rural site
Lower Valley
Plaine of Aosta
Aosta urban area
Industrial Area
Plouves
Supermaket
Dora
Air ambient monitoring sites Roof deposimeter Stack emissions
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
STACK EMISSIONS
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
DIFFUSE EMISSIONS
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
EAF
TO THE
STACK
GASES
(Ar. O2)
TO THE
STACK
AOD
EAF = Electric Arc Furnace
AOD = Argon Oxygen Decarburization
Electric steelmaking emissions can be distinguished in primary and secondary emissions
Primary emissions are derived from operations carried out at high temperatures as melting of scrap (in EAF) and refining of molten steel (in AOD)
PRIMARY
COLLECTION SYSTEM
PRIMARY
COLLECTION SYSTEM
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
SECONDARY COLLECTION SYSTEM
SCRAP, LIME, COAL
SLAG
MOLTEN STEEL
TO THE STACK
DUST, FUMES
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
Secondary emissions are derived from production steps such as:
furnace charging
de-slagging
liquid steel transfers
handling of additives
DIFFUSE EMISSIONS
DEPOSIMETER
GASES (Ar. O2)
AOD
ROOF OF THE BUILDING
EAF
FABRIC FILTER
FABRIC FILTER
FABRIC FILTER
Off-gases extraction system of Aosta steel mill
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
SECONDARY HOODS
DIFFUSE EMISSIONS MONITORING BY DEPOSITION SAMPLING
DEPOSIMETER
ROOF OF THE STEEL MILL BUILDING
SUPERMARKET SITE
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
STACK EMISSIONS • 90% of the dust comes from melting and
refining processes (container is closed) • at high temperature (>1600°C) Zn and Fe
are volatilized and oxidized • Particles size distribution: 85% is < 10 µm • ~100% of dust emissions is collected and
treated by fabric filters
DIFFUSE EMISSIONS • Furnace charging, tapping of molten
steel, deslagging (container is opened) • Layer of slag in the surface of melt • Emission of coarse particles with slag
composition • Diffuse emissions are not collected and
treated
Stack emissions consist mainly of PM10 particles composed mainly
by zinc and iron oxydes
Diffuse emissions consist mainly of coarse particles with the same
composition of the slag
The environmental monitorings were conducted by ARPA Valle d’Aosta (Regional Agency of Environmental Protection) and are referred to the years from 2008 until 2011. . The temporal coverage of the series extended to 100% of the considered years.
Stack and diffuse emissions data were carried out within the integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC) permit in the same years.
PM10 and metals determinations in ambient air quality monitoring have been performed according to the EU Directive 2004/107/EC and UNI EN 14902-2005.
Measurements of metals in stack emissions have been carried out according to the UNI EN 13284-1 method.
Monitoring of total depositions has been conducted following the Italian laws and regulations (National Institute of Health, 2006) according to EU Directive 2004/107/EC. Total depositions are determined as sum of dry and wet fractions collected by passive exposure of a HDPE bottle/cylindrical funnel system with standardised dimensions, for one month exposure time. The deposited samples are filtrated, then both the particulate matter collected on filter and the filtrate are processed and carried out according to UNI EN 14902-2005 method.
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
PM10
Distribution of metals content (% on weight) in Stack Emissions and PM10 with respect to the sum of Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn and Fe (divided by 5 for a better reading)
DEPOSITIONS
Distribution of metals content (% on weight) in depositions with respect to the sum of Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn and Fe (divided by 5 for a better reading)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Cr Ni Mn Fe/5 Zn
Stack Emissions
PM10 Industrial
Area
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Cr Ni Mn Fe/5 Zn
Roof Building Steel Mill
Industrial Area
Supermarket Deposition
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Cr Ni Mn Fe/5 Zn
Roof Building Steel Mill Slag Composition
Comparison between metal slag composition and the fingerprint of depositions of the roof of the steel mill building
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
PM10 Depositions
0
5
10
15
20
25
Cr Ni Pb
ng
/m3
Aosta
Plaine of Aosta
Lower Valley
Rural Area
0
50
100
150
200
250
Cr Ni Pb Zn
(µg m
-2d
-1)
Aosta
Plaine of Aosta
Lower Valley
Rural Area
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Mila
no
Bre
scia
Bo
lzano
Ve
rona
Ve
nezia
Pa
dova
Udin
e
Pa
rma
Pe
rugia
Rom
a
To
rin
o
Aosta
– U
rban A
rea
Aosta
– I
ndustr
ial A
rea
ng/m
³
Aosta industrial area
Aosta Urban Area
LIMIT VALUE dir. 2008/50/EC
Other italian cities
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
4,51
9,3 8,5 9,9
4,19 0,03
4,3 5
11
2,3
22
5
68
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
µg
m-2
d-1
STANDARD LEVEL GERMANY (TA LUFT)
223
Chemical characterization of metal content of stack and diffuse emissions of the steel mill allowed to determine two different fingerprints referable to primary and secondary emissions of steelmaking processes respectively
Fine particles (PM10) disperse uniformly along the urban area and the Plaine of Aosta
Cr and Ni content in PM10 in these areas are determined by steel mill primary emissions, and result significantly higher respect to other Italian cities.
Conversely, in the Lower Valley, metals levels in PM10 are comparable with rural areas.
Coarse particles from diffuse emissions determine critical levels of deposition of Cr and Ni in urban area, comparable with levels measured near metal processing plants and higher with respect to TALuft – Germany standard values.
Devis Panont – Claudia Tarricone AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT at URBAN REGIONAL and GLOBAL SCALES -4° International and IUAPPA Regional Conference,
10-13 September 2012 Istanbul-Turkey
Taking into account these results, appropriate management and technical measures should be applied to prevent diffuse emissions and to reduce stack emissions from steelmaking process.