air quality plan of regione piemonte abstract about heating of buildings adriano mussinatto regione...
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AIR QUALITY PLAN of REGIONE AIR QUALITY PLAN of REGIONE PIEMONTE PIEMONTE
abstract about heating of buildingsabstract about heating of buildings
Adriano MussinattoAdriano Mussinatto
REGIONE PIEMONTEREGIONE PIEMONTE
DIREZIONE AMBIENTEDIREZIONE AMBIENTE
Settore Risanamento Elettromagnetico, Acustico e Settore Risanamento Elettromagnetico, Acustico e AtmosfericoAtmosferico
D.Lgs. 351/99Air quality
LegislationLegislation
Dir. 96/62/CEQualità dell’aria
Dir. 2002/91/CERendimento energetico
degli edifici
L.R. 43/2000Regional
Air Quality Plan
D.Lgs. 192/05311/06, Dpr 59/09 e
Dm 26/6/2009
L.R. 13/2007d.g.r. 46-11968
del 4/8/2009
European Union
Italia (MS)
Regione Piemonte
Dir. 2002/91/CEEnergy performance
of buildingsDir. 2008/50/CE
Air quality
D.Lgs. 155/2010Air quality
Dir. 2010/31/CEEnergy performance of
buildings
This document contains the regional rules about energy efficiency of
buildings
Inpact of building heatingInpact of building heating
Regional Inventory of air emissionsegional Inventory of air emissions
During winter season, building heating is the element During winter season, building heating is the element which has the most impact on air quality of urban which has the most impact on air quality of urban centers, second only to traffic.centers, second only to traffic.
30 % PM1030 % PM10 17% NOx17% NOx
EnergyEnergy
Heat Heat = = 2.7252.725 ktep/y ktep/yElectricity = Electricity = 420420 ktep/y ktep/yCOCO22 emissions emissions ≈ ≈ 88 Mton/y Mton/y
Final uses of energy in Piemonte
To reach an To reach an important energy important energy
reduction reduction is is necessary “to work” necessary “to work”
on existing on existing buildings!buildings!
EnergyEnergy
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Migliaia
prima 1919 1919-1945 1946-1960 1961-1971 1972-1981 1982-1986 dopo 1986
numero abitazioni
In Piemonte the rebuilding rate of the In Piemonte the rebuilding rate of the total built volume is approximately total built volume is approximately
0,65%0,65% per year per year
In Regione Piemonte the average value of energy In Regione Piemonte the average value of energy requirement for heating buildings is approximatelyrequirement for heating buildings is approximately 150
kWh/m2 y
Number of building units
Performance of heating systemPerformance of heating system
The The minimum performance levelsminimum performance levels for new installations or for new installations or substitutions of existing boilers are the following:substitutions of existing boilers are the following:
EmissionEmission ≤≤ 80 mg NOx /kWh80 mg NOx /kWh (as NO (as NO22) = (22 mg/MJ)) = (22 mg/MJ)
≤≤ 10 mg PM /kWh10 mg PM /kWh = (2.8 mg/MJ) = (2.8 mg/MJ)
Efficiency Efficiency ηg = 93 + 2 Log(Pn)= 93 + 2 Log(Pn) (Pn = nominal heating (Pn = nominal heating power)power)
There is a special temporary rule about heating boilers feeded There is a special temporary rule about heating boilers feeded by gas oil until 2013:by gas oil until 2013:
Emission Emission ≤≤ 120 mg NOx /kWh120 mg NOx /kWh (as NO (as NO22) = (33 mg/MJ)) = (33 mg/MJ)
Incentives for installation of boilers with an Incentives for installation of boilers with an “NOx emission “NOx emission factor” ≤ 30 mg/kWh have been plannedfactor” ≤ 30 mg/kWh have been planned
Air emissions of biomass feeded Air emissions of biomass feeded boilersboilers
Fattori di emissione di PM
10
130
30
50
100
150
200
Gas naturale / GPL Gasolio Biomassa solida
PM
(m
g/k
Wh
)
Small boiler, stove, fireplace
Pn<35 kW 200 - 800 mg/kWh Boilers with
multicyclone
Boilers with fabric filter
NG / LPG Light oil Biomass(wood log, wood
chips)
Emission factors PM
Air emissions of biomass feeded Air emissions of biomass feeded boilersboilers
Fattori di emissione di NOx
915
10050
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Gas naturale / GPL Gasolio Biomassa solida
NO
x (
mg
/kW
h)
Small boilers, stoves,
fireplacesPn<35 kWt
Boilers with SNCR
Boilers without specific NOx
abatment system
NG / LPG Light oil Biomass(wood log, wood
chips)
Emission factors NOx
Air emissions of biomass feeded Air emissions of biomass feeded boilersboilers
Pn (kWt) Nominal efficiency
PM [mg/Nm3]
11% O2 dry basisaverage value per
hour
NOx [mg/Nm3]
11% O2 dry basis average value hour
35 ≤ Pn ≤ 3000
35 ≤ Pn ≤ 300 η ≥ 67+ 6log(Pn)
30 400
300 < Pn ≤ 3000 η ≥ 82 %
3000 ≤ Pn ≤ 6000 η ≥ 82 % 30 300
6000 ≤ Pn ≤ 20000 η ≥ 82 %3 0
10 (*)300
200(*)
(*) daily average value
Here below the Here below the minimum performance levelsminimum performance levels about biomass feeded boilersabout biomass feeded boilers
Adjustment of existing Adjustment of existing boilersboilers
Pot (kW) 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2014 2015
NG, LPG Pn < 35
NG, LPG 35 < Pn <= 300
NG, LPG 300 < Pn <= 1000
NG, LPG Pn > 1000
gas oil, biodiesel, biogas Pn < 35
gas oil, biodiesel, biogas 35 < Pn <= 1000
gas oil, biodiesel, biogas Pn > 1000
Heavy oil, bioliquid fuel, solid fuel Pn > 300
2012
The air emission limits to adjust the existing boilers The air emission limits to adjust the existing boilers are are the same fixed for new installations.the same fixed for new installations.
It’s possible to postpone energetic adjustment until It’s possible to postpone energetic adjustment until 1/9/2020.1/9/2020.
Adjustment of existing boilers Adjustment of existing boilers using firewood or solid biomassusing firewood or solid biomass
Pot (kW) 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2014 2015 2016
solid biomass - critical zones about air quality management 35 < Pn <= 500
solid biomass - critical zones about air quality management 500 < Pn <= 3000
solid biomass - critical zones about air quality management 3000 < Pn <= 6000
solid biomass - critical zones about air quality management 6000 < Pn <= 20000
solid biomass - critical zones about air quality management Pn > 20000
solid biomass 35 < Pn <= 500
solid biomass 500 < Pn <= 3000
solid biomass 3000 < Pn <= 6000
solid biomass 6000 < Pn <= 20000
solid biomass Pn > 20000
2012
The air emission limits to adjust the existing boilers The air emission limits to adjust the existing boilers are are the same fixed for new installations.the same fixed for new installations.
It’s possible to postpone energetic adjustment until It’s possible to postpone energetic adjustment until 1/9/20201/9/2020..
District heating
In next 10 years, In next 10 years, in Piemonte, a in Piemonte, a
strong strong development of development of district heating district heating
networksnetworks is is expected. expected.
Retrofit of existing Retrofit of existing buildingsbuildings
The The existing buildingsexisting buildings, in Regione Piemonte, have a , in Regione Piemonte, have a potential for energetic consumption reductionpotential for energetic consumption reduction of about of about 30%.30%.
Energetic requalification works, required to achieve this Energetic requalification works, required to achieve this objective, are caracterized by a objective, are caracterized by a pay-back periodpay-back period from from 4 4 to 10 yearsto 10 years..
It’s important It’s important to “shift” economical resourcesto “shift” economical resources from the from the purchase of fuels (normally fossil fuels) purchase of fuels (normally fossil fuels) to the purchase to the purchase of materials, technologies and consultancyof materials, technologies and consultancy that allows that allows our buildings our buildings to be less energy demandingto be less energy demanding and and more more
environmental friendly.environmental friendly.
It becomes strategic to arrange suitable financial toolsIt becomes strategic to arrange suitable financial tools allowing users to cope with the necessary investments allowing users to cope with the necessary investments and and taking the best advantage of the resources taking the best advantage of the resources “released” from energy savings“released” from energy savings obtained by obtained by requalification works.requalification works.
Retrofit of existing Retrofit of existing buildingsbuildings
Existing buidingsExisting buidings, with more than , with more than 5050 building units building units and a demand and a demand of primary energy greather than of primary energy greather than 200 kWh/m200 kWh/m22 per year;per year;
All other existing buildings, All other existing buildings, with awith a volume greather than 10.000 mvolume greather than 10.000 m33 and a demand of primary energy and a demand of primary energy greather than greather than 70 kWh/m70 kWh/m33 per per year;year;
This buidings must reduce their primary energy demand for heating of This buidings must reduce their primary energy demand for heating of at least at least 35%35% by 31/12/2016. by 31/12/2016.
Expected results on air emissions
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
t/y
CO/10 NMVOC NOx PM10 SO2
2005
2015
2020
-70.0%
-60.0%
-50.0%
-40.0%
-30.0%
-20.0%
-10.0%
0.0%
CO NMVOC NOx PM10 SO2
2015
2020
This scenario could be realistic only if the
use of solid biomass in small boilers, stove or fireplace won’t rise
significantly in the future, or if new
technologies will be developed to use this
type of renewable fuel
Thank youThank youfor your attention!for your attention!
risanamento.atmosferico@[email protected]