aircraft systems -...

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS

APU

Intentionally left blank

A318/A319/A320/A321FLIGHT CREW

OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS

82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-PLP-TOC P 1/2FCOM 11 DEC 13

DSC-49-10 DescriptionDSC-49-10-10 General

General.....................................................................................................................................................................A

DSC-49-10-20 Main ComponentsAPU ENGINE...........................................................................................................................................................AELECTRONIC CONTROL BOX.............................................................................................................................. BAIR INTAKE SYSTEM.............................................................................................................................................CSTARTER................................................................................................................................................................ DFUEL SYSTEM........................................................................................................................................................EOIL SYSTEM............................................................................................................................................................FINLET GUIDE VANES (IGV)...................................................................................................................................GAir Bleed System.....................................................................................................................................................HCONTROLS...............................................................................................................................................................IGROUND OPERATION SAFETY DEVICES........................................................................................................... J

DSC-49-20 Controls and IndicatorsOverhead Panel.......................................................................................................................................................AEXTERNAL CONTROLS......................................................................................................................................... BECAM APU Page.................................................................................................................................................... C

DSC-49-30 Warnings and CautionsWarnings and Cautions........................................................................................................................................... A

DSC-49-40 Electrical SupplyBUS EQUIPMENT LIST.......................................................................................................................................... A


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-PLP-TOC P 2/2FCOM 11 DEC 13


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

PRELIMINARY PAGES - SUMMARY OF HIGHLIGHTS

82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-PLP-SOH P 1/2FCOM 06 MAR 14

LocalizationTitle

TocIndex

ID Reason

DSC-49-10-10General

A 1 Effectivity update: The information no longer applies to MSN 0279,0395.

DSC-49-10-20Air Bleed System

H 1 Effectivity update: The information no longer applies to MSN 0279,0395.

DSC-49-20Overhead Panel

A 1 Effectivity update: The information no longer applies to MSN 0279,0395.

DSC-49-20ECAM APU Page

C 2 Effectivity update: The information no longer applies to MSN 0279,0395.


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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

PRELIMINARY PAGES - SUMMARY OF HIGHLIGHTS


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-PLP-SOH P 2/2FCOM 06 MAR 14


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

DESCRIPTION - GENERAL

82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-10-10 P 1/2FCOM A → 06 MAR 14

GENERALIdent.: DSC-49-10-10-00001527.0001001 / 03 FEB 11

1 Applicable to: MSN 0112, 0342

The Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) is a self-contained unit that makes the aircraft independent ofexternal pneumatic and electrical power supplies.On the ground‐ It supplies bleed air for starting the engines and for the air conditioning system‐ It supplies electrical power to the electrical system.During takeoff‐ It supplies bleed air for air conditioning, thus avoiding a reduction in engine thrust caused by the

use of engine bleed air for this purpose when optimum aircraft performance is required.In flight‐ It backs up the electrical system‐ It backs up the air conditioning‐ It can be used to start the engines.The APU may obtain power for starting from the aircraft's batteries or normal electrical system, orfrom ground service.APU starting is permitted throughout the normal flight envelope (Refer to LIM-49-20 Envelope).The ECAM displays APU parameters.


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DESCRIPTION - GENERAL

82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-10-10 P 2/2FCOM ← A 06 MAR 14

GENERALIdent.: DSC-49-10-10-00001527.0004001 / 03 FEB 11Applicable to: MSN 0189

GENERALThe Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) is a self-contained unit that makes the aircraft independent ofexternal pneumatic and electrical power supplies.On the ground‐ It supplies bleed air for starting the engines and for the air conditioning system‐ It supplies electrical power to the electrical system.During takeoff‐ It supplies bleed air for air conditioning, thus avoiding a reduction in engine thrust caused by the

use of engine bleed air for this purpose when optimum aircraft performance is required.In flight‐ It backs up the electrical system‐ It backs up the air conditioning‐ It can be used to start the engines.The APU may obtain power for starting from the aircraft's batteries or normal electrical system, orfrom ground service.APU starting is permitted throughout the normal flight envelope (Refer to LIM-49-20 Envelope).The ECAM displays APU parameters.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

DESCRIPTION - MAIN COMPONENTS

82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-10-20 P 1/4FCOM A to E 06 MAR 14

APU ENGINEIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001528.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The basic element of the APU is a single-shaft gas turbine that delivers mechanical shaft power fordriving the accessory gearbox (electrical generator, starter, etc.) and produces bleed air (enginestarting and pneumatic supply).

ELECTRONIC CONTROL BOXIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001529.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The Electronic Control Box (ECB) is a full-authority digital electronic controller that performs the bulkof the APU system logic for all modes of engine operation, such as :‐ Sequences the start and monitors it.‐ Monitors speed and temperature.‐ Monitors bleed air.‐ Sequences the shutdown.‐ Controls the automatic shutdown.

AIR INTAKE SYSTEMIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001530.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The air intake and an electrically operated flap allow external air to reach the compressor inlet.

STARTERIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001531.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The ECB controls the electric starter. The starter engages if the air intake is fully open and theMASTER SW and the START pushbutton are ON.

FUEL SYSTEMIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001532.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The left fuel feed line supplies the APU.The required pressure is normally available from tank pumps.If pressure is not available (batteries only or pumps off) the APU FUEL PUMP starts automatically.The ECB controls the fuel flow.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-10-20 P 2/4FCOM F to H 06 MAR 14

OIL SYSTEMIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001533.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The APU has an integral independent lubrication system (for lubrication and cooling).

INLET GUIDE VANES (IGV)Ident.: DSC-49-10-20-00001534.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The IGVs control bleed air flow, and a fuel-pressure-powered actuator positions the IGVs.The ECB controls the actuator in response to aircraft demand.

AIR BLEED SYSTEMIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001535.0001001 / 03 FEB 11


The air bleed system is fully automatic.The ECB sets APU speed to meet the demands on the air bleed system and in view of the groundand flight configuration.

BLEED DEMAND - GROUND/FLIGHT N %NIL 99

MAIN ENG START 101GROUNDAIR COND (1) 99/101

FLIGHT 101(1) The APU speed is : 99 % if the ambient temperature is below 25 °C.

101 % if the ambient temperature is above 30 °C.

AIR BLEED SYSTEMIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001535.0003001 / 03 FEB 11Applicable to: MSN 0189

The air bleed system is fully automatic.The ECB always sets the APU speed to 100 % except for air conditioning demand, if the ambienttemperature is between -18 °C and 35 °C. In this case, the ECB sets the APU speed to 99 %. For allother ambient temperatures (less than -18 °C or more than 35 °C), the ECB sets the APU speed to100 %.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-10-20 P 3/4FCOM I to J 06 MAR 14

CONTROLSIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001536.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The flight crew uses the controls on the APU panel for routine shutdown. For emergency shutdown :‐ the flight crew can push the APU FIRE handle, or‐ the ground crew can push the APU SHUT OFF pushbutton on the interphone panel under the

nose fuselage.

GROUND OPERATION SAFETY DEVICESIdent.: DSC-49-10-20-00001537.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

The APU may run without cockpit crew supervision when the aircraft is on the ground. In case of firein the APU compartment :‐ APU fire warnings operate in the cockpit.‐ A horn in the nose gear bay sounds.‐ The AVAIL light goes out.‐ The FAULT light in the MASTER SW lights up.‐ The APU shuts down.‐ The APU fire extinguisher discharges.


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82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-10-20 P 4/4FCOM 06 MAR 14


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CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 1/10FCOM A → 06 MAR 14

OVERHEAD PANELIdent.: DSC-49-20-00001538.0003001 / 19 JAN 11


(1) MASTER SW pb-swThis switch controls the electric power supply for the operation of the APU and its protectivefeatures. It also controls the starting and shutdown sequences.ON : The blue ON light comes on.

Electric power goes to the APU system; the ECB performs a power-up test.The APU air intake flap opens.The APU fuel isolation valve opens.If no fuel tank pump is running, the APU fuel pump operates.If the aircraft has ground power or main generator power, the APU page appearson the ECAM display.

OFF : Manual shutdown sequence.‐ The ON light on the MASTER SW pb-sw and the AVAIL light on the START pb,

go out.‐ If the aircraft was using APU bleed air, the APU keeps running at 75 % for a

cooling period of 60 to 120 s.‐ At 7 % the air inlet flap closes.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 2/10FCOM ← A → 06 MAR 14

FAULT lt : This amber light comes on, and a caution appears on ECAM, when an automaticAPU shutdown occurs, which happens in case of:

Fire (on ground only)Air inlet flap closedOverspeedNo accelerationSlow startEGT overtemperatureNo flameReverse flowLow oil pressureHigh oil temperatureDC power lost (BAT OFF when aircraft on batteries only)OvercurrentSensor failureIGV failureECB failure

(2) START pb-swON : Blue ON light comes on.

‐ When the flap is completely open, the APU starter is energized.‐ When N = 7 %, the ignition is turned ON.‐ When N = 50 %, the APU starter is de-energized.‐ When N = 95 %, the ignition is turned off and the ON light on the START pb

goes out.The APU may now supply bleed air and electrical power to the aircraftsystems.

‐ 15 s later, the APU page disappears from the ECAM display.

AVAIL lt : This green light comes on when N reaches 95 %.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 3/10FCOM ← A → 06 MAR 14

OVERHEAD PANELIdent.: DSC-49-20-00001538.0016001 / 19 JAN 11Applicable to: MSN 0189

(1) MASTER SW pbThis switch controls the electric power supply for APU operation, and its protective features. Italso controls the starting and shutdown sequences.ON : The blue ON light comes on.

Electric power goes to the APU system; the ECB performs a power-up test.The APU air intake flap opens.The APU fuel isolation valve opens.If no fuel tank pump is running, the APU fuel pump operates.If the aircraft has ground power or main generator power, the APU page appearson the ECAM display.

OFF : Manual shutdown sequence.‐ The ON light on the MASTER SW pb, and the AVAIL light on the START pb,

go off.‐ If the aircraft was using APU bleed air, the APU keeps running for a cooling

period of 60 s.‐ At 7 %, the air inlet flap closes.


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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 4/10FCOM ← A 06 MAR 14

FAULT lt : This amber light comes on, and a caution appears on ECAM, when an automaticAPU shutdown occurs, which happens in case of:

Fire (on ground only)Air inlet flap closedOverspeedNo accelerationNo speedEGT overtemperatureNo flameUnderspeedReverse flowLow oil pressureHigh oil temperatureDC power lost (BAT OFF when aircraft on batteries only)ECB failureLoss of overspeed protectionOil system shutdownInlet overheatClogged oil filterLoss of EGT thermocouples

Note: In the case of an automatic, non–emergency shutdown, the air inlet flap closes 15 minafter the APU speed is lower than 7 %. If an automatic, non-emergency shutdownhappens on ground, the 15 min countdown starts after liftoff.

(2) START pb-swON : Blue ON light comes on.

‐ When the flap is completely open, the starter is energized.‐ 1.5 s after the starter is energized, the ignition turns on.‐ When N = 60 %. The APU starter is de-energized. The ignition is turned off.‐ 2 s after N reached 95 %, or when N is above 99.5 %:

The ON light on the START pb goes out.The APU may now supply bleed air and electrical power to the aircraftsystems.

‐ 10 s later, the APU page disappears from the ECAM display.

AVAIL lt : This green light comes on when N is above 99.5 % or 2 s after N reaches 95 %.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 5/10FCOM B → 06 MAR 14

EXTERNAL CONTROLSIdent.: DSC-49-20-00001539.0001001 / 16 MAR 11


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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 6/10FCOM ← B 06 MAR 14

Applicable to: ALL


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 7/10FCOM C → 06 MAR 14

ECAM APU PAGEIdent.: DSC-49-20-00001540.0001001 / 22 MAY 12


(1) AVAILDisplayed in green when APU N is above 95 %.

(2) APU bleed air valve positionInline-Green : The APU bleed air valve is not closed.Crossline-Green : The APU bleed air valve is closed.Crossline-Amber : The APU bleed air valve is closed and the APU bleed is ON.XX-Amber : The APU bleed air valve status information is not available, or the

APU BLEED pb status is not available.

(3) APU bleed air pressureThis box displays the relative bleed air pressure in green.It shows an amber XX when the ADIRS2 is not available or selected OFF or the data from theECB are invalid or not transmitted.

(4) APU GEN line contactor indicationDisplayed in green when the APU GEN line contactor is closed.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 8/10FCOM ← C → 06 MAR 14

(5) APU GEN parametersIdentical to the APU GEN parameters on the ELEC page.

(6) FUEL LO PRDisplayed in amber if APU fuel pressure gets low.

(7) FLAP OPEN‐ Displayed in green when APU air intake flap is fully open.‐ Advisory if the flap is not fully closed 3 min after the MASTER sw has been turned OFF.

(8) APU N‐ Displays APU speed in green.‐ Becomes amber when N ≥ 102 %.‐ Becomes red when N ≥ 107 %.

(9) APU EGT

‐ Displays APU EGT in green.‐ Becomes amber when EGT ≥ EGT MAX See * -33 °C (steady during APU start, pulsing

when APU is running).‐ Becomes red when EGT ≥ EGT MAX See * (automatic shutdown begins).* ECB calculates EGT MAX and transmits it to the ECAM. It is a function of N during start,

and a function of ambient temperature when the APU is running.Maximum EGT during start: 1 038 °C.Maximum EGT with APU running: 690 to 725 °C depending on ambient temperature.

(10) LOW OIL LEVELAdvisory: Displayed if the ECB detects a low APU oil level when the aircraft is on the ground,and the APU is not running.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 9/10FCOM ← C → 06 MAR 14

ECAM APU PAGEIdent.: DSC-49-20-00001540.0020001 / 22 MAY 12Applicable to: MSN 0189

(1) AVAILDisplayed in green when APU N is above 95 %.

(2) APU bleed air valve positionInline-Green : The APU bleed air valve is not closed.Crossline-Green : The APU bleed air valve is closed.Crossline-Amber : The APU bleed air valve is closed and the APU bleed is ON.XX-Amber : The APU bleed air valve status information is not available, or the

APU BLEED pb status is not available.

(3) APU bleed air pressureThis box displays the relative bleed air pressure in green.It shows an amber XX when the ADIRS2 is not available or selected OFF or the data from theECB are invalid or not transmitted.

(4) APU GEN line contactor indicationDisplayed in green when the APU GEN line contactor is closed.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-20 P 10/10FCOM ← C 06 MAR 14

(5) APU GEN parametersIdentical to the APU GEN parameters on the ELEC page.

(6) FUEL LO PRDisplayed in amber if APU fuel pressure gets low.

(7) FLAP OPENDisplayed in green when APU air intake flap is fully open.

(8) APU N‐ Displays APU speed in green.‐ Becomes amber when N ≥ 102 %.‐ Becomes red when N ≥ 107 %.

(9) APU EGT

‐ Displays APU EGT in green.‐ Becomes amber when EGT ≥ EGT MAX See * -33 °C.‐ Becomes red when EGT ≥ EGT MAX See * (automatic shutdown begins).* ECB calculates EGT MAX and transmits it to the ECAM. It is a function of N during start,

and a function of ambient temperature when the APU is running.Maximum EGT during start: 1 090 °C.Maximum EGT with APU running: 675 °C.

(10) LOW OIL LEVELAdvisory: Displayed if the ECB detects a low APU oil level when the aircraft is on the ground,and the APU is not running.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS

82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-30 P 1/2FCOM A 11 DEC 13

WARNINGS AND CAUTIONSIdent.: DSC-49-30-00001541.0001001 / 19 JAN 11Applicable to: ALL

E/WD: FAILURE TITLEconditions

AURALWARNING

MASTERLIGHT

SD PAGECALLED

LOCALWARNING

FLTPHASEINHIB

AUTO SHUT DOWNautomatic shut down of APU for a reason otherthan a fire.EMER SHUT DOWNuse of APU shut off pushbutton on externalpower panel or APU FIRE pushbutton pushed.In case of APU fire on ground, the APU FIREwarning is triggered.

SINGLE CHIME MASTERCAUT APU

APUMASTER

SW FAULT lt

3, 4,5, 7, 8

MEMO DISPLAYAPU AVAIL appears in green when APU N is above 95 %.


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-30 P 2/2FCOM 11 DEC 13


OPERATING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY

82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-40 P 1/2FCOM A 07 OCT 11

BUS EQUIPMENT LISTIdent.: DSC-49-40-00001543.0001001 / 09 DEC 09Applicable to: ALL

NORM EMER ELEC

AC DC DCBAT

ACESS

DCESS HOT

ECB SUPPLY XSTARTER MOTOR X

Note: When the system is in electrical emergency configuration, battery contactors automaticallyclose for a maximum of 3 min when the APU MASTER SW is ON, except when the landinggear is down.When the aircraft is in flight, and when the system is in electrical emergency configuration,the APU start is inhibited for 45 s.


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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSAPU

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY


82U A318/A319/A320/A321 FLEET DSC-49-40 P 2/2FCOM 07 OCT 11

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