aisle
DESCRIPTION
aisle. altar. apse. atrium. baptistry. campanile. chevron. choir. Trefoil, quatrefoil, cinqfoil. clerestory. Fan V aulting Bath Abbey Sherborne Abbey. Flying buttress Notre Dame, Paris Westminster Cathedral. Jamb F igures Notre Dame, Paris, Chartres Cathedral,. lancets. mausoleum. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
aisle
![Page 2: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
altar
![Page 3: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
apse
![Page 4: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
atrium
![Page 5: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
baptistry
![Page 6: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
campanile
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chevron
![Page 8: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
choir
![Page 9: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Trefoil, quatrefoil, cinqfoil
![Page 10: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
clerestory
![Page 11: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Fan VaultingBath Abbey
Sherborne Abbey
![Page 12: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Flying buttressNotre Dame, Paris
Westminster Cathedral
![Page 13: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Jamb FiguresNotre Dame, Paris,Chartres Cathedral,
![Page 14: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
lancets
![Page 15: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
mausoleum
![Page 16: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
portal
![Page 17: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Rose window
![Page 18: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
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Rib vaulting
![Page 20: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
RefectoryChurch of St Paul in
Egyptand St. Cecilia Motherhouse in
Nashville, TN, and Alcobaca Monestery refectory in Portugal
![Page 21: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
transept
![Page 22: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
spire
![Page 23: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
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tympanum
![Page 25: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Title: Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Amicus
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Map 12.1 Gothic Art in Europe
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 27: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Title: Plan of the choir and ambulatory, Abbey Church of Saint-Denis, France
Artist: n/a
Date: 1140-1144
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 28: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Title: Ambulatory, Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 29: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Title: West façade, Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1135-1140
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 30: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Title: West facade, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres, France (Left spire is from 16th century)
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1145-1220
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 31: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Title: West portal (Royal Portal), Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1145-1150
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 32: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Title: Jamb statues, west portal, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Nave, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Laon, France
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1160-1210
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 34: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Title: Plan, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Paris
Artist: n/a
Date: 1163-ca. 1250
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 35: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Title: Nave, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Paris
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: West façade, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Paris
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 37: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Title: Plan, Cathedral of Notre-Dame (as rebuilt after 1194), Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: see Title
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 38: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Title: Nave and choir, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1194-1220
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 39: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Title: Axonometric projection of a High Gothic cathedral (after Acland)
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 40: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Title: (a) Sexpartite vaulting and (b) quadripartite
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 41: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Title: Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres (from the south)
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 42: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Title: Transverse section of Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres (after Acland)
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 43: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Title: Flying buttresses, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 44: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Title: Transept, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 45: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Title: Notre Dame de la Belle Verrière, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1170 (framing panels are 13th century)
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: stained-glass window
Size: height approx. 14' (4.27 m)
![Page 46: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Title: Wheel of Fortune
Artist: Villard de Honnecourt
Date: ca. 1240
Source/ Museum: Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris
Medium: ink on vellum
Size: n/a
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Title: Front View of a Lion
Artist: Villard de Honnecourt
Date: ca. 1240
Source/ Museum: Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris
Medium: ink on vellum
Size: n/a
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Title: Detail from Notre Dame de la Belle Verrière, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1170
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 49: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Title: Portals, north transept, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1204-1230
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 50: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Title: Coronation of the Virgin (tympanum), Dormition and Assumption of the Virgin (lintel), north portal, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1210
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 51: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Title: Jamb statues, south transept portal, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1215-1220; left-most figure (St. Theodore) ca. 1230
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Plan, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Amiens
Artist: Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont
Date: begun 1220
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 53: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Title: Nave and side aisle, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Amiens
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 54: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Title: Comparison of nave elevations in same scale (after Grodecki)
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 55: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Title: Plan. Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Reims
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1225-1290
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 56: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Title: Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Reims (from the west)
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 57: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Title: Annunciation and Visitation, west portal, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Reims
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1230-1265
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 58: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Title: Melchizedek and Abraham, interior west wall. Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Reims
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1260-1270
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 59: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Title: Signs of the Zodiac (Leo, Virgo, and Libra) and Labors of the Months (July, August, and September), west façade, Amiens Cathedral
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1220-1230
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Sainte-Chapelle, Paris (from the southwest)
Artist: n/a
Date: 1241-1248 (Rose window, late 15th century)
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 61: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Title: Interior of upper chapel, Sainte-Chapelle
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Saint-Urbain, Troyes, France
Artist: n/a
Date: begun 1262
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
![Page 63: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Title: Interior, Saint-Urbain, Troyes
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Crucifixion and Deposition, from the Psalter of Blanche of Castile
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1230
Source/ Museum: Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal, Paris
Medium: ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum
Size: 7 3/4 x 6" (19.9 x 15.4 cm)
![Page 65: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Title: Scenes from the Apocalypse, from a Bible moralisée
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1225-1235
Source/ Museum: Pierpoint Morgan Library, New York
Medium: ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum
Size: 15 x 10 1/2" (38 x 26.6 cm)
![Page 66: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Title: Nahash the Ammonite Threatening the Jews at Jabesh, from the Psalter of St. Louis
Artist: n/a
Date: 1253-1270
Source/ Museum: Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris
Medium: ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum
Size: 5 x 3 1/2" (13.6 x 8.9 cm)
![Page 67: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Title: David and Goliath, from The Prayer Book of Philip IV the Fair
Artist: Master Honoré
Date: 1296
Source/ Museum: Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris
Medium: ink and tempera on vellum
Size: 7 7/8 x 4 7/8" (20.2 x 12.5 cm)
![Page 68: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Title: The Betrayal of Christ and Annunciation, from the Hours of Jeanne d'Évreux
Artist: Jean Pucelle
Date: 1325-1328
Source/ Museum: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. The Cloisters Collection, Purchase, 1954 (54.1 1.2)
Medium: tempera and gold leaf on parchment
Size: each page: 3 1/2 x 2 7/16" (8.9 x 6.2 cm)
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Title: Virgin of Jeanne d'Évreux
Artist: n/a
Date: 1339
Source/ Museum: Musée du Louvre, Paris (Inv MR342; MR419)
Medium: silver gilt and enamel
Size: height 27 1/2" (69 cm)
![Page 70: aisle](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56814a38550346895db75409/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Title: Virgin of Paris, Notre-Dame, Paris
Artist: n/a
Date: early 14th century
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: stone
Size: n/a
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Title: Siege of the Castle of Love. Back of a mirror
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1320-1350
Source/ Museum: Seattle Art Museum. Donald E. Frederick Memorial Collection (49.37)
Medium: ivory
Size: 4 1/2 x 4 1/2 x 1/2" (11.5 x 10.9 x 1.27 cm)
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Title: West façade, Saint-Maclou, Rouen, France
Artist: Pierre Robin and Ambroise Harel
Date: 1434-1490
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Plan of Salisbury Cathedral, England
Artist: n/a
Date: 1220-1265
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Salisbury Cathedral (from the southwest)
Artist: n/a
Date: spire ca. 1320-1330
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Nave, Salisbury Cathedral
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Choir, Gloucester Cathedral, England
Artist: n/a
Date: 1332-1357
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Chapel of Henry VII, Westminster Abbey, London, England
Artist: n/a
Date: 1503-1519
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Jesus Teaching in the Temple and Hunting Scene, from the Queen Mary Psalter
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1310-1320
Source/ Museum: British Library, London. By permission of the British Library (ROY.2.B.VIIf1s1)
Medium: ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum
Size: 7 x 4 1/2" (17.9 x 11.5 cm)
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Title: Choir, Heiligenkreuz, Schwäbish-Gmünd, Germany
Artist: Heinrich Parler the Elder and Peter Parler (?)
Date: Begun 1351
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Crucifixion, on the choir screen, and the Virgin and John the Evangelist, Naumburg Cathedral, Germany
Artist: Naumburg Master
Date: ca. 1255
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: stone
Size: n/a
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Title: The Kiss of Judas, on the choir screen, Naumburg Cathedral
Artist: Naumburg Master
Date: ca. 1255
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: stone
Size: n/a
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Title: Ekkehard and Uta, Naumburg Cathedral
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1249-1255
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: stone
Size: n/a
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Title: Roettgen Pietà
Artist: n/a
Date: early 14th century
Source/ Museum: Rheinisches Landesmuseum, Bonn
Medium: wood
Size: height 34 1/2" (87.6 cm)
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Title: Plan. Cathedral of Santa María, León, Spain
Artist: n/a
Date: begun 1240s
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Exterior, Cathedral of Santa María, León
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Interior, Cathedral of Santa María, León
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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Title: Jamb statue of Simeon, south portal of west facade, Cathedral of Santa María, León
Artist: n/a
Date: ca. 1280-1300
Source/ Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
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San Giovanni in Laterano (Rome), 1300's AD
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Notre Dame de Paris (1100's-1200's AD)
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Canterbury cathedral
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• tympanum • Flat portion of the portal above the door and between the orders.
• portal • Ornamental architectural feature of a façade containing one or several doors.
• pier • Pillar dividing the portal in two and supporting the lintels.
• pier • Masonry pillar supporting the orders.
• splay • Recessed side of the portal that widens from its inside to its outside edge.
• lintel • Horizontal section of the door frame that fills the opening above a door or
portal.
• order • Each of the receding arches that form a vault over a portal.
• trefoil • Ornamental motif comprised of three lobes.
• gable • Triangular decorative element with molded edges, located above the portal.
• flying buttress • Masonry structure in the shape of a partial arch; it supports a wall by
transferring the pressure of the vaults onto an abutment.
• belfry • Small steeplelike ornament in the shape of a pyramid; it is found on the
corners of the transept or on each side of the façade.
• spire • Tapering part in the shape of a pyramid that surmounts the belfry.
• gallery • Covered passage along the cathedral’s façade, decorated with statues.
• stained glass • Translucent decorative work comprised of an assemblage of glass pieces,
usually colored, that fills a bay.
• tracery • Stone framework adorning the inside of a bay.
• rose window • Large circular bay composed of decorative tracery and stained glass; it is
also called a rosette.
• bell tower • Tower with bays in which the bells are hung.
• louver-board • Inclined slat located in the bell tower bay; it projects the sound of the bells
downward.
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• nave • Area between the transept and the porch of the
cathedral where the congregation gathers.
• crossing • Area located at the crossing of the transept and the
nave of the cathedral.
• choir • Area just beyond the transept where the clergy
stand during the liturgy.
• apse • Vaulted or polygonal area forming the end of the
choir where the high altar is usually located.
• chevet • Semicircular area at the back of the cathedral that
includes the apse and the ambulatory.
• porch • Part of a cathedral’s façade where the doors open;
it can vary in depth.
• aisle • Lateral nave, usually separated from the main nave
by a row of columns.
• transept • Transverse area separating the choir from the nave
and forming the arms of a cross.
• ambulatory • Gallery that makes it possible to walk around the
cathedral’s choir, starting from the transept.
• apsidiole • Small lateral chapel arranged in a semicircle behind
the choir surrounding the apse.
• Lady chapel • Chapel located beyond the walls at the back of the
cathedral, in the axis of the nave.
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Arches