ak 47 akm technical manual detailed

5/21/2018 Ak 47 AKM Technical Manual DETAILED

1/23

A K 47 ASSAULT RIFLE

Kalashnikov AK-47 and AKM assault rifles (USSR)

Kalashnikov AK (the original AK-47 with combination stamped / milled receiver)

Modified AK (1!! man"fact"re)# with machined receiver$ %ote the distinctive

machined c"ts above and forward of the maga&ine well$

1


2/23

A"tomat Kalashnikova Moderni&ed - AKM assa"lt rifle# with the m"ltip"rpose

ba'onet-knife$ %ote that the stamped receiver has small indents above the maga&ine

instead of the machined c"ts on the earlier AK models$

AKM - AKM with folding b"ttstock

AKM with *-+! 4,mm "nder barrel grenade la"ncher

General description:

+


3/23

he original AK was also known as the AK-47$ .t was a gas-operated# selective-

fire weapon$ ike all 7$0+-mm Kalashnikov assa"lt rifles# it fired the oviet 7$0+ 2-

mm M142 ro"nd and "sed a standard 2,-ro"nd c"rved bo maga&ine$ he AK came

in two versions3 one with a fied wooden stock# and another# the AK# with a folding

metal stock iss"ed primaril' to parach"tist and armor troops$ cept for the

differences in the stock and the lack of a tool kit with the AK# the two version wereidentical$ he earl' AKs had no ba'onet# b"t the version with the fied wooden stock

later mo"nted a detachable knife ba'onet$

he improved model# known as the AKM# is easier to prod"ce and operate$ .t

weighs abo"t one kilogram less than the AK$ he red"ced weight res"lts from "sing

thinner# stamped sheet metal parts rather than machined# forged steel5 laminated wood

rather than solid wood in the hand g"ard# forearm# pistol grip# and b"tt stock5 and new

lightweight al"min"m and plastic maga&ines$ 6ther improvements incl"de a straighter

stock for better control5 an improved gas c'linder5 a rate-of-fire control alongside the

trigger5 a rear sight grad"ated to 1#,,, meters rather than ,, meters5 and a greatl'

improved# detachable ba'onet$

he AKM also has a folding-stock version# designated AKM# intended for "se

b' riflemen in armored infantr' combat vehicles s"ch as the 8M*$ cept for its -

shaped# stamped-metal# folding b"tt stock# the AKM is identical to the AKM$ he

folding-stock model can red"ce its length from 0 to 0 millimeters$ he

Kalashnikov assa"lt rifle# also known as the AK-47 (Avtomat Kalashnikova - 47#

Kalashnikov a"tomatic rifle# model of 147)# and its derivatives# also known "nder

the common name of AK# is the most prolific small arm of the +nd half of the 99

cent"r'$ .t had been and still is (in more or less modified forms) man"fact"red in

do&ens of co"ntries# and "sed in h"ndreds of co"ntries and conflicts since itsintrod"ction$ he total n"mber of the AK-t'pe rifles made worldwide d"ring the last

!, 'ears is estimated at ,: millions$

8' the 1! the AK was modified again# this time more etensivel'# and was

conse;"entl' adopted (after trials) as the AKM (Avtomat Kalashnikova

Moderni&irovann'< - Kalashnikov A"tomatic rifle# Modified)$ he ke' changes were

the introd"ction of the stamped receiver instead of the milled one# and improved

trigger/hammer "nit# that introd"ced a hammer release dela' device (often incorrectl'

referred as a rate red"cer)$ 6ther changes were the redesigned# slightl' raised

b"ttstock and the pistol grip# and the addition of the removable m"&&le flip

compensator$ his spoon-like compensator is screwed onto the m"&&le and "sed them"&&le blast to red"ce m"&&le climb d"ring the b"rst fire$ he compensator co"ld be

replaced b' the screw-on =*8-1 noiseless firing device=# generall' known as a

silencer$ his silencer re;"ired special# s"b-sonic amm"nition with heavier b"llets to

be "sed$ Another change from AK to AKM was a slightl' improved rear sight# with

settings from 1,, to 1,,, (instead of the ,, on AK) meters$ 8oth ,, and 1,,,

meters# however# are ecessivel' optimistic for an' practical "se# since the effective

fire is limited ro"ghl' to 2,,-4,, meters# if not less$

Technical description for the AK assa!lt rifle:

2


4/23

"artrid#e: 7$0+ 2 mm $peration: gas# selective fire

Loc%in#: rotating bolt Feed:2,-ro"nd detachable bo

maga&ine

&ei#ht: 4$2 kg Len#th: 0 mm

'arrel: 414 mm Riflin#:4 grooves# rh# 1 t"rn in

+2! mm

Si#hts:fore# post# ad


5/23

derivatives "ntil now$ .t is slow# "ncomfortable and sometimes stiff to operate

(especiall' when wearing gloves or mittens)# and# when act"ated# prod"ces a lo"d and

distinctive click$ here is no bolt stop device# and the bolt alwa's goes forward when

the last shot from the maga&ine is fired$

AKM is fed from the 2, ro"nds# stamped steel maga&ines of heav'# b"t rob"stdesign$ arl' AK maga&ines were of slab-sided design# b"t the more common AKM

maga&ines feat"red additional stamped ribs on the sides$ *ositive maga&ine catch is

located


6/23

he most serio"s drawback to the AK and AKM is the low m"&&le velocit' (71,

meters per second) of the relativel' heav' 7$0+-mm ro"nd$ his res"lts in a looping

tra


7/23

ome models incl"de an integral folding ba'onet$

ome models incl"de a gas valve on the forward gas port (above the barrel) to

permit firing grenades$ ometimes the valve is controlled b' flipping a special

=grenade sight= "p into position$

ome makes of removable ba'onets can attach to their scabbards to form a

scissors-st'e barbed-wire c"tter$

he barrel and chamber are chromi"m-plated# to resist corrosion# b"t cleaning

after ever' firing is recommended$ Most militar' amm"nition "ses corrosiveprimers$

A cleaning rod is "nder the barrel$ .t bends slightl' for removal$ .n standard

AKs# cleaning patches and a metal bottle of oil and solvent are in compartments in

the sho"lder-pad of the stock$

o field strip# release the maga&ine catch# remove the maga&ine# and cock the

rifle# holding the left hand read' over the receiver to catch an' e


8/23

ome people have said that the @"ssians were concerned abo"t the lower

energies of the assa"lt-rifle b"llets and designed them to ca"se more damage than

might otherwise occ"r$

@ate of fire is between 2,, and 0,, ro"nds per min"te$ ater models have

modifications to the trigger assembl' and bolt to fire more slowl'$ his helps to makethe weapon more controllable and waste less amm"nition$ his ma' help red"ce

logistic re;"irements$


9/23


10/23

AK-47 Assembly and Disassembly

Dhen doing etensive work on a firearm# work on a soft s"rface so that it wont scratch the

metal parts of the g"n$ .t is also wise to work were light is good and parts will not be lost$

.n general it is best not to disassemble a firearm an' more than is reall' necessar' to clean it

or repair or replace a part$ ven then it is seldom necessar' to disassemble the rifle be'ond

the field stripping stage$ ver' time a firearm is disassembled be'ond the field stripping

stage# it will take some time for some parts to regain their fit# some parts ma' tend to shake

loose and fall o"t when firing the weapon$ ome parts of the AK-47 line are riveted

together$ @epairing these can be ;"ite a hassle# since the end of the rivet has to be gro"nd off

and a new one set after the part is replaced$

.deall' the disassembl' steps listed below will $Tbe carried o"t b' an'one other than a

competent g"nsmith$ A lot of damage can be done if disassembl' is done with o"t proper

knowledge$

1,


11/23

./ Re,o)e the ,a#a(ine fro, the #!n and c*cle the action ,a%in# s!re the

firear, is e,pt*/

+$ *"sh in the retaining lever (the little b"tton at the end of the receiver closest to the

stock) on the rear of the receiver# then lift the receiver cover off and back to remove it

eposing the action$

2$ ake o"t the action spring F retaining rod b' p"shing them forward to release them#then lift them "p slightl' and back them o"t of the receiver$

4$ @emove the bolt and bolt carrier (which will also have the gas piston attached to it)

8' p"lling them back and o"t$

!$ ake the bolt o"t of the carrier b' twisting the bolt co"nterclockwise and p"lling it

o"t of the front of the carrier$

0$ @emove the gas c'linder b' p"lling it backward and lifting it o"t$

7$ he etractor and etractor spring are held in place be the large pin (which ma' be

a solid or roll pin depending on the rifle located on the side of the bolt near the locking l"gs$

8efore tr'ing to drift o"t this pin check to be s"re one side isn?t staked if it is go o"t the other

side opposite the staked spot in the bolt$ rift the pin o"t with a drift p"nch or small nail to

free the etractor$ 8e caref"l since the spring is "nder tension$ $ he smaller pin located on the side of the bolt near the locking l"gs retain the firing

pin (and its spring on models with a firing pin spring) note whether the pin is staked in place$

rifting the pin o"t frees the firing pin take care since this spring is also "nder press"re$

$ he gas piston is held to the bolt carrier etension arm b' a roll pin$ his pin

sho"ld be sho"ld be drifted o"t onl' if the piston needs to be repaired or replaced since

damage to the piston can occ"r d"ring this process$

1,$ Clash hiders or m"&&le n"ts are sometimes held in place b' a pin b"t "s"all' are

screwed onto the barrel some AK?s lack them entirel'$

11$ he gas port block is generall' held in place b' cross pins don?t remove it "nless its

absol"tel' necessar'# this can be a tedio"s process on some rifles and it ma' be hard toreplace it so it sta's in place$

1+$ he fore grip ma' be attached to the rifle in a variet' of wa's the method for

removal is best determined b' st"d'ing the rifle$

12$ he trigger gro"ps pins are released b' removing the looped retaining spring on the

left inside of the receiver on semi-a"to rifles# or the long leg of the disconector spring on

select-fire g"ns$ 8efore freeing the spring or leg place the selector in the fire position and

while restraining the hammer p"ll the trigger$ Gold the hammer and caref"ll' lower it "ntil it

is f"ll' forward# facedown$ his is done the retaining spring can be p"lled forward and o"t

b' grasping its loop with a pair of needle nosed pliers and p"lling forward and o"t$ 6n select

fire rifles the long leg of the disconnection spring sho"ld be p"lled "p to free the

disconnection pin remove the pin o"t the left side of the receiver and then take o"t thedisconnection and its spring to free the other parts of the trigger gro"p$

14$ 6nce the retaining spring is removed the trigger gro"p is freed b' sliding the

hammer and trigger pins o"t the left side of the receiver$ his will free the hammer and its

spring which can be removed b' t"rning them slightl' and lifting them o"t$ %et the trigger

and sear can be removed along with the rate red"cer and its sear (takes care not to lose the

sear spring which sits between the sear and trigger$)

1!$ .f the safet'/selector needs to be removed rotate its forward end "pward so that it

can be p"lled o"t the right side of the receiver$

10$ Most stocks are held in place b' screws or with man' folding stocks pins$ o not

remove the stock "nless absol"tel' necessar' for repair or replacement$

17$ he maga&ine release and its spring are held in place with a rivet$ o not remove"nless absol"tel' necessar'$

11


12/23

1$ *istol grips are generall' held in place b' a bolt which can be "nscrewed thro"gh

the open base of the grip$

1$ he front sight post generall' screws into its base$ he sight assembl' can be

removed b' drifting a set screw or screws ma' need to be loosened first$ he front sight

sho"ld not be removed "nless absol"tel' necessar' since the tight fit keeps it &eroed$

+,$ he rear sight is generall' pinned or screwed into place with its base welded ontothe rifle$ %ote the leaf springs alignment so that it ma' be properl' realigned$

To reasse,+le re)erse the process/

AK-47 0arts and 1ia#ra,s

1+


13/23

AK-47 E2ploded 0arts 3ie

. - 8arrel with receiver# with rear sight and stock

5- @eceiver cover

6- 8a'onet

4- @ecoil mechanism

- 8olt Barrier with gas piston

8 - as t"be with "pper hand g"ard 7- 8olt

9 - Bleaning @od

- Core end

.;- Maga&ine

..- Bombination tool with accessories

12


14/23

AK-47 'olt 1isasse,+l*

14


15/23

a - 'olt 'od* + - Firin# pin c - E2tractor

1 - @ecess for case bottom

+ - tractor slot

2 - "ide l"g

4 - Gole for etractor pin

! - ocking l"g

0 - ongit"dinal slot for e


16/23

ike most firearms the AK-47 will start to show adverse wear and or malf"nction if the

weapon is not kept reasonabl' clean$ Cort"natel' for the AK it is ver' eas' to field strip# which

makes cleaning not m"ch of a chore$ he AK re;"ires no special maintenance tools or etensive

knowledge of it?s parts$

aterials:1$ Bleaning kit

+$ %ews paper or throw-down

The Folloin# 0roced!re sho!ld +e !sed to field strip and clean the rifle/

Re,o)in# the ,a#a(ine Golding the rifle in the left

hand at the "pper hand g"ard and fore end# grasp the

maga&ine with the right hand and remove it$ he

maga&ine is removed b' pressing forward on the

maga&ine catch$ After this# ens"re that there is no

cartridge in the chamber b' lowering the selector#

p"lling the bolt carrier handle to the rear# and

inspecting the chamber$ @elease the bolt carrier handle

and release the hammer form the sear ( s;"ee&e the

trigger)

5< Re,o)e the cleanin# rod *"ll the end of the cleaning rod awa' from the barrel so that itshead is disengaged from the stop on the front sight base and p"ll the cleaning rod "pward$ he

drift ma' be "sed when removing the cleaning rod$

6< Re,o)e the recei)er co)er rasp the small of the stock with the left hand# and with the left

th"mb press on the recoil mechanism?s g"ide rod l"g$ ift the rear portion of the receiver cover

"pward with the right hand and remove the cover$

10


17/23

4< Re,o)e the recoil ,echanis,/ Golding the rifle in

the left hand b' the small of the stock# press the recoil

mechanism?s g"ide rod forward with the right hand "ntil

its heel emerges from the longit"dinal slot of the

receiver$ ift "p the rear end of the g"ide rod and p"llthe recoil mechanism form the bolt carrier channel$

< Re,o)e the +olt carrier ith +olt/ Bontin"ing to

hold the rifle in the left hand# bring the bolt carrier to the

rear to stop with the right hand$ ift it "p along with the

bolt and remove it

8< Re,o)e the +olt fro, the carrier/ rasp the bolt carrier in the left

hand with the bolt "pward$ raw the bolt to the rear with the right

hand# rotating it so that the bolt?s g"ide l"g comes o"t of the shaped slot

of the bolt carrier# and remove the bolt forward$

7< Re,o)e the #as t!+e/ Golding the rifle in the left hand# lift the gas t"be latch located on the

right side of the rear sight block$ @otate the small latch downwards and clockwise at the same

time$ his sho"ld enable 'o" to free the gas t"be# lift and remove it$

AK-47 F!ll A!to Tri##er Gro!p 1isasse,+l*

17


18/23

a - hammer g - selector

b - hammer spring h - pin

c - trigger . - semi-a"to sear

d - semi-a"to fire sear < - hammer retarder

e - a"to sear k - hammer retarded spring

f - a"to sear spring a"to sear spring

1isasse,+l* of F!ll A!to tri##er ,echanis,/ - Golding the rifle with the left hand atthe receiver# press on the a"to sear and disengage the a"to sear from the hammer with the right

hand and "sing the drift$ @elease the hammer from the sear$ @aise the left end of the hammer

spring with the tapered end of the drift and g"ide it past the hammer?s sear notch with the

fingers$ "ide the long end of the a"to sear spring o"t of the circ"lar channel of the trigger pin

with the screwdriver$ ap the trigger pin to the left with the drift and remove it$ rad"all'

p"lling the drift o"t# etract the semi-a"tomatic fire sear from the receiver along with its spring#

spring retarder# and hammer retarder with the fingers of the left hand$ *ressing back in the

trigger piece with the left inde finger# lift the trigger "pward and remove it from the receiver

with the right hand$ @emove the hammer b' pressing with the screwdriver on the long end of the

a"to sear spring# remove it from the circ"lar channel of the hammer pin$ ap the hammer pin to

the left with the drift$ Golding the hammer with the right hand# remove the hammer pin with theleft hand$ @otate the hammer so the left tr"nnion is toward the chamber and remove the hammer

form the receiver$ @emove the hammer spring from the hammer$ @emove the a"to sear$ ap

the a"to sear pin to the left with the he drift and remove it$ @emove the a"to sear with spring

thro"gh the maga&ine well$ @emove the spring from the a"to sear$ @emove the selector b'

rotating the selector "pward to the vertical position# move it to the right# and remove it from the

receiver$

1


19/23

=and#!ard 1isasse,+l*

. - as "be

+ - "ide ribs for gas piston

2 - Cront


20/23

maga&ine in the receiver$ 6n the bottom of the rear wall of the maga&ine?s bod' is an inspection

hold for determining if the maga&ine if f"ll' loaded$ he walls of the maga&ine are ribbed for

strength$ he bottom of the maga&ine is closed with a floor plate$ he floor plate has a hole for

the l"g of the stop leaf$ .nside the maga&ine bod' are a follower and spring with stop leaf$ he

follower is fastened to the "pper end of the spring b' an internal flange on the right wall of the

follower$ he follower has a l"g that ens"res the staggered positioning of the cartridges in themaga&ine$ he stop leaf is permanentl' attached to the bottom end of the follower spring and

holds the maga&ine floor plate from displacement with its l"g$ ome rifles have plastic

maga&ines that are the same in constr"ction as the metal maga&ines$

1isasse,+l* epress the small metal notch at the end of the maga&ine on the floor plate$ lide

the floor plate backwards towards the rear or primer area of the maga&ine$ 8e caref"l the spring

will shoot o"t with some force and co"ld ca"se in


21/23

AK-47 Tro!+leshootin#

8elow is a chart of potential items that ma' ca"se 'o"r rifle to fail$ %et to it are the s'mptom

and fies to correct the problem$ *lease read the cart caref"ll' as it will make a difference$

+1


22/23

*roblem Bheck for *roced"re

8old wont >nlock1$ irt' or b"rred bolt

+$ amaged as t"be or piston

1$ Blean or replace

+$ @epair or replace

8olt wont ock

1$ Co"ling in locking l"gs

+$ Cro&en etractor

2$ @ecoil spring is not moving freel'

4$ 8olt is not moving freel'$

!$ as piston misaligned$

0$ oose or damaged piston$

7$ ent in gas t"be

1$ Blean F l"bricate l"gs$

+$ @emove clean etractor$

2$ @emove clean F

l"bricate$

4$ @emove clean F

l"bricate$

!$ Bheck alignment

0$ ighten or replace

7$ @epair or replace

o"ble feeding 1$ efective maga&ine$ @eplace

Cirearm wont cock

selector doesn?t

work properl'$ Dorn# broken or missing parts$ Bheck parts# @eplace

Cirearm contin"es

to fire after release

of trigger

1$ irt in trigger/sear

+$ 8roken sear/trigger

2$ Deak sear/trigger spring

4$ Ciring pin dirt' or too long

1$ Blean mechanism

+$ @eplace

2$ @eplace spring4$ Blean or replace

Cirearm wont fire

1$ afet' in safe position

+$ Ciring pin is broken

2$ oo m"ch dirt/oil in firing pin

recess

4$ *oor ammo

!$ Deak or broken hammer or spring

0$ Deak or broken sear/sear spring7$ 8olt isn?t locking

1$ *lace in fire position

2$ @eplace

4$ Dipe/Blean

!$ @emove/discard

0$ @eplace

7$ @eplace$ Blean dirt' parts

@o"nd won?t

chamber1$ irt' or corroded ammo

+$ amaged ammo

2$ Co"ling in chamber

1$ Blean ammo

+$ @eplace

2$ Blean chamber

@o"nds won?t e


23/23

+2

ak 47 akm technical manual detailed

Documents

akm akm

original ak

ak camein

aktpe rifles

designated akm

assault riflekalashnikov

milled receivermodified

earlier ak models