Compare the sizes of molecules and cell structures

Object Size Eukaryotic cell 20-100 micrometersNucleus 10-20 micrometersProkaryotic cells & Eukaryotic organelles 1-10 micrometers Virus 100 nanometersMembrane 10 nanometersMolecules 1 nanometers

Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotes EukaryotesNaked DNA DNA associated with proteinsDNA in cytoplasm DNA in nucleus Mitochondria absent Mitochondria present Smaller than 5 micrometers Larger than 10 micrometers70S ribosome 80S ribosomeInternal membrane lacking Internal membrane compartmentalizes

different cellular functions

Compare the use of carbohydrates and lipids in energy storage

Lipids CarbohydratesNormally used for long term energy storage

Normally used for short term energy storage

Stored as fat in adipose cells Stored as glycogen in liver cellsContains 2 times more energy/gram than carbohydrates

Contains 2 times less energy/gram than lipids

Less soluble in water than carbohydrates More soluble in water than lipids

Compare the structure of RNA and DNA

RNA DNAPentose sugar is Ribose Pentose sugar is DeoxyriboseHas the nitrogenous base Uracil instead of Thymine

Has the nitrogenous base Thymine instead of Uracil

Made of single strand Made of two strands twisted in a double helix