Alliances of WWIAgenda:

Triple Alliance; Reinsurance Treaty; Russo-French Entente; Anglo Japanese Treaty; Entente Cordiale-Anglo-French Entente; Bjorko

Agreement; Anglo Russian Entente; Triple Entente

Triple Alliance - 1882

• Germany is the Leader• Failure of the Three Emperor’s League• Italy pushed toward Germany• Austrian’s focused on Balkans

• Overall:• Germany backbone• Austrian/Italian militaries weak

Lapsing of the Reinsurance Treaty – 1891Russo-French Entente - 1894• France emerging from isolation• Russia needs Money for

development

• Kaiser’s state visit to London

• Loosely Observed• Japan, Morocco, Balkans

Anglo Japanese Treaty of 1902

• British Sphere of Influence in China• Japanese interest in

Manchura/Korea

• Concern over Tran Siberian railway

• 1902 – Defensive Treaty• Only involved if 3rd power engages

Anglo French Entente - 1904

• Response to:Fashoda Morocco Russo-Japanese War Delcasse

No overt military provisions

Bjorko Agreement - 1905

• French in Morocco – forced German action• Nicky and Willy (Cousins)

• Defensive Alliance

• New Russian Duma (parliament) does not ratify

• Pushes Britain and France closer together

Anglo Russian Entente - 1907

• Concern over British colonial interests• Persia, India, Afghanistan

• Russian Defeat in Asia

• End tensions

• No Military Agreements

Triple Entente – Consolidation in 1912• Maintained a loose collection – no official aggregation of ententes

• Isolation of Germany

• Poincare – French Prime Minister – Strengthen Ententes• 1912 – Franco-Russian Naval Convention• Anglo-French Naval Agreements

• If war breaks out – Leaders will meet before armies are engaged

Alliance System by 1914