America and the World

The Cold War

The Cold War and how the United States became involved

in Vietnam

The Cold War was a confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States that lasted over 45 Years. This conflict resulted in the birth of NATO, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.

Causes of the Cold War

Fight for power

Communism

vs. Capitalism

Violation of Yalta

Causes of the Cold War

• Truman Doctrine/Marshall Plan

• Atomic weapons

• Economics

The Cold War

American Cold War Policies and Practices

• Containment

• Truman Doctrine

• Marshall Plan

(Jones, n.d.).

American Cold War Policies and PracticesAmerican Cold War

Policies and Practices

(Jones, n.d.).

• NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

NATO April 1949NATO April 1949

VietnamAmerica’s Involvement

• MAAG (U.S. Military Assistance Advisory Group)

• MACV (Military Assistance Command Vietnam)

• NASM (National Security Action Memorandum) 273

(Anderson, 1999).

(Anderson, 1999).

Vietnam-America’s Involvement

cont.

• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

• Rolling Thunder

• Search and Destroy

• Operation Ranch Hand

Operation “Rolling Thunder”

(Anderson, 1999).

Vietnam-America’s Involvement cont.

• De-escalation

• Vietnamization

• Paris Peace Agreements

Vietnamization Training

South Vietnam

Paris Peace Agreements

NATO April 1949NATO April 1949

VIETNAM WAR (Silly soft, n.d.).

Nixon’s Détente and End of Vietnam War

President Nixon’s détente policies were instrumental in changing previous Cold War policies of containment and Nixon signed a peace treaty ending the Vietnam War.

Political Outcomes

• War Powers Resolution

• The Vietnam syndrome

(Encyclopedia of the New American Nation Biello, B. (2011). n, 2012).

Military Outcomes

• America lost the war in Vietnam

• New guns, technologies and ideas

• Better understanding of Guerrilla Warfare

Encyclopedia of the New American Nation. (2012).

Social Outcomes

• Loss of confidence in the U.S.

• Protesting

(Encyclopedia of the New American Nation Biello, B. (2011). n, 2012).

Mao Zedong, leader of Communist China, and President Richard Nixon, February 29, 1972.

• Super race• Containment• Domino Theory

Previous Cold War Policies

Nixon’s Détente Vs.

• Opened Communications with China• SALT I• Nonaggression pact (Profiles of U.S. Presidents, 2012). (Profiles of U.S. Presidents, 2012).

Previous Cold War Policies

Nixon’s Détente Vs.

• ABM• Expanded East-West trade• Major grain deal

(Profiles of U.S. Presidents, 2012).

• The Truman Doctrine• Marshall Plan• The Rio Pact

(US Department of State Office of the Historian, n.d.).

Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative, economic stagnation, losing the arms race, and dissent at home are a few factors that led to the end of the Cold War.

The 1980’s

Mikhail Gorbachev’s perestroika, or "restructuring," and glasnost

Nye, J. (2009).

Nye, J. (2009).

Strategic Defense Initiative“Star Wars”

1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall

Nye, J. (2009).

BEEconomic Stagnation during the Brezhnev years

War with Afghanistan

Dissent at home

Nye, J. (2009).

1990’s to PresentThe 1990’s was the beginning of the Information Age with the start of the Internet and cell phones. The Cold War was over and there the country was at peace. Then with the start of the new millennium theU.S. found Itself leading the War on Terrorism.

American Priorities since 9/11

• War on terrorism

• U.S. launched an aggressive foreign policy

DHS: Fact sheet: U.S. department of homeland security 9/11 anniversary progress and priorities. (2008).

American Priorities since 9/11

• Expanded border fencing and patrol

• Enhanced Aviation Security

DHS: Fact sheet: U.S. department of homeland security 9/11 anniversary progress and priorities. (2008).

American Priorities since 9/11

• The Patriot Act

• Department of Homeland Security

DHS: Fact sheet: U.S. department of homeland security 9/11 anniversary progress and priorities. (2008).

U.S. Involvement in Iraq• Iraq was supporting terrorist groups

• Weapons of Mass Destruction

• The war lasted from 2003-2010

U.S. Involvement in Afghanistan• The war against the

terrorism / Taliban.

• US was involved in Afghanistan after the attack’s of 9/11/2001.

U.S. Involvement in the Global Community

• NAFTA

• International Monetary Fund

• World Trade Organization

ReferencesAnderson, D.L. (1999). The military and diplomatic course of the Vietnam War. Retrieved from

http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/vietnam/anderson.htm

Biello, B. (2011). Vietnam War aftermath. Retrieved from http://blaseanwar.blogspot.com/2011/01/vietnam-

war-aftermath_13.html

DHS: Fact sheet: U.S. department of homeland security 9/11 anniversary progress and priorities. (2008). ().

Lanham, United States, Lanham: Federal Information & News Dispatch, Inc. Retrieved from

http://search.proquest.com/docview/192388120?accountid=35812

Encyclopedia of the New American Nation. (2012). The Vietnam War and Its Impact - Political lessons.

Retrieved from http://www.americanforeignrelations.com/O-W/The-Vietnam-War-and-Its-Impact-Political-

lessons.html

Jones, S,. (n.d.). The Truman Doctrine. Retrieved from

http://usforeignpolicy.about.com/od/alliesenemies/a/The-Truman-doctrine.htm

References Cont.Nye, J. (2009). Who caused the end of the Cold War?. Belfer Center. Retrieved from

http://belfercenter.hks.harvard.edu/publication/19688/who_caused_the_

End of_the_cold_war.html?breadcrumb=%2Fexperts%2F3%2Fjoseph_s_nye%3Fpage%3D6

Profiles of U.S. Presidents. (2012). Richard M. Nixon - Détente with the soviet union. Retrieved from

http://www.presidentprofiles.com/Kennedy-Bush/Richard-M-Nixon-D-tente-with-the-soviet-union.html

Sillysoft. (n.d.). Ahl Vietnam War Map. Retrieved from

http://sillysoft.net/lux/maps/ahl%20vietnam%20war

US Department of State Office of the Historian. (n.d.). A Short History of the Department of State. Retrieved from

http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/short-history/containmentandcoldwar

The quotations page. (2012). Quotations by Author. Retrieved from

http://www.quotationspage.com/quotes/Sir_Winston_Churchill