American Regulars at the Battle of ChippewaAmerican Regulars at the Battle of Chippewa

1818thth Century British Warfare Century British Warfare

Ft. Niagara FlagsFt. Niagara Flags

What do you notice about this flag?What do you notice about this flag?

French FlagFrench Flag

Flew over Ft. Niagara Flew over Ft. Niagara from 1726-1759from 1726-1759

Not a flag of surrender Not a flag of surrender as it is known nowas it is known now

At that time displayed At that time displayed on French warships on French warships and forts around the and forts around the world.world.

Historical FlagHistorical Flag

Current Flag of France

What do you notice about this flag?What do you notice about this flag?

British FlagBritish Flag Flew over Ft. Niagara from Flew over Ft. Niagara from

1759-17961759-1796

This version of the British This version of the British flag was used until 1801flag was used until 1801

The historical flag displays The historical flag displays the red cross of St. George the red cross of St. George and the X-shaped cross of and the X-shaped cross of St. Andrew representing St. Andrew representing England and Scotland. England and Scotland.

Current flag includes the Current flag includes the red X-shaped cross of St. red X-shaped cross of St. Patrick which was added to Patrick which was added to the flag in 1801, following the flag in 1801, following the addition of Ireland to the addition of Ireland to the United Kingdom. the United Kingdom.

Historical FlagHistorical Flag

Current Flag of British

What do you notice about this flag?What do you notice about this flag?

American FlagAmerican Flag Flew over Ft. Niagara from Flew over Ft. Niagara from

1794-18181794-1818

Many other versions of the Many other versions of the American flag flew over Ft. American flag flew over Ft. Niagara after 1818.Niagara after 1818.

This flag flew over Fort This flag flew over Fort McHenry during the British McHenry during the British bombardment in 1814, bombardment in 1814, which inspired Francis which inspired Francis Scott Key to write the the Scott Key to write the the U.S. National Anthem.U.S. National Anthem.

Historical FlagHistorical Flag

Current Flag

HaudenosauneeHaudenosaunee flagflag

Hiawatha’s BeltHiawatha’s Belt The wampum belt on the flag is the national The wampum belt on the flag is the national

belt of the Haudenosaunee. It records the five belt of the Haudenosaunee. It records the five original nations of the Haudenosaunee original nations of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy and their agreement to live Confederacy and their agreement to live together in peace. The symbols on the belt together in peace. The symbols on the belt symbolize the Haudenosaunee nations.symbolize the Haudenosaunee nations.

HaudenosauneeHaudenosaunee flagflag The central symbol is a tree and The central symbol is a tree and

represents the Onondaga Nation. represents the Onondaga Nation. It was in the Onondaga Nation It was in the Onondaga Nation that the Peacemaker planted the that the Peacemaker planted the Tree of Peace and it was under Tree of Peace and it was under that tree where the leaders of the that tree where the leaders of the Five Nations buried their weapons Five Nations buried their weapons of war. of war.

The Hiawatha belt does not The Hiawatha belt does not include the Tuscarora nation that include the Tuscarora nation that joined the Iroquois league in joined the Iroquois league in 1722.1722.

Although Hiawatha’s belt dates Although Hiawatha’s belt dates back to circa 1100-1400, back to circa 1100-1400, incorporating it into an official incorporating it into an official flag only dates back to the 1980s.flag only dates back to the 1980s.