americans head west seeking their manifest destiny…. by morgan j. burris & jenny strader...
TRANSCRIPT
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Americans Head West seeking Their Manifest Destiny….
By Morgan J. Burris & Jenny Strader
Lexington Middle School
Note Page 17 A“The Western Pioneers”
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John L. O’Sullivan coined the term MANIFEST DESTINY (1845):
God has given the continent to Americans and wanted them to settle WESTERN lands
"The Western Pioneers"
1800 – only 387,000 white settlers west of Appalachian mtnsBy 1820, over 2.4 million.
By Civil War more than on Atlantic coast. Reasons: Religious Freedom & Land
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1st pioneers called SQUATTERS - because they settled on land that they did not officially own
Government eventually guaranteed squatters they could have the right to buy the land up to 160 acres for $1.25/acre
Farming the New Lands
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New Technology that helped open the Great Plains for farmingJethro Wood – Iron plow 1819John Deere - Steel Plow 1837Cyrus McCormick - Mechanical
Reaper 1834 Allowed Wheat (Grain) to be harvested with
far less efforts
Plows and Reapers
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Wooden Plow
IRON PLOW
Steel Plow
MECHANICAL REAPER
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Why?? Thought the Great Plains were NOT Fertile
Closer to markets in China and AsiaOregon: Claimed by US, Native Am. &
Britain- 1818, agreed to both settle and fix border dispute later
Settling the Pacific Coast
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Convert – American missionaries tried to convert Native Americans and persuaded others to come to
land….
Willamette Valley, Oregon
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Mountain Men= Guides; created several East to West Passages
Kit Carson – Famous TrailblazerOregon Trail & Santa Fe Trail – most
popular routes / maps Overlanders - People who moved out West
Westward Migration
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Took 5-6 Months15 miles a dayTraveled in Covered WagonsUsed Staging Areas on Frontier Towns
to gather supplies, guides, and other families to go West together
Donner Party (1846):- 87 Overlanders followed guidebook and got trapped in Mountains. 41 died of starvation and the others were forced to eat the dead
Wagon Trail Life
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o Most Overlanders had a great fear of conflict with
Native Americanso Most were peaceful; offered helpo Native Americans did fear the new arrivals
would take away their food and shelter and alter the Buffalo migration patterns
TREATY of FORT LARAMIE:- Signed by 8 Native Am. Tribes and they agreed to specific territorial boundaries and to maintain peaceful relations against US settlers & Gov’t Payments- Gave the U.S. Settlers land and made other areas ‘off limits’ to settle (Great Plains)- Treaty was violated by Americans several times
Native Americans
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Signing of the Treaty
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Young image of B. Young
The Mormon Migration
Reason – Religious Freedom
Joseph Smith murdered, Brigham Young leads thousands to Great Salt Lake, Utah in 1847.
Became a popular Trail
The Death of Joseph Smith
Brigham Young
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Note Page 17 A“The Western Pioneers”