© 2016,2014,2011 pearson education, inc. all rights reserved. 7 political parties organizing...
Post on 19-Jan-2016
220 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7Political PartiesOrganizing Politics
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives 7Show how the relationship between organization and political power explains political parties and interest groups
Assess the trends regarding party identification and loyalty of voters
7.1
7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives 7Trace changes in political parties over the course of American history
Outline the functions and perceptions of the two major American political parties, explain how the parties are financed, and assess their changing role in the electoral process
7.3
7.4
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives 7Differentiate among the three political arenas in which the parties battle
Describe changes in the function of the national party conventions
7.5
7.6
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives 7Evaluate the role of third parties within the U.S. electoral system
Determine why the American two-party system has persisted
7.7
7.8
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Power of Organization
Political organizations Parties Interest groups
Informal division of functions Parties – elections Interest groups – policy
7.1
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.1 Which political organization is more concerned with winning elections than influencing policy?a. Interest groups
b. Political parties
c. Both are concerned with elections
d. Neither is concerned with elections
7.1
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.17.1 Which political organization is more concerned with winning elections than influencing policy?a. Interest groups
b. Political parties
c. Both are concerned with elections
d. Neither is concerned with elections
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Realignment
Dealignment
Party Loyalty in Voting
Red States, Blue States
7.2Party Voters
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.1: Political democracy: Organizations as intermediaries
7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Donkey and elephant 7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Realignment
Dealignment
Party Loyalty in Voting
Red States, Blue States
7.2Party Voters
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.2: Party identification in the electorate
7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.3: Who backs whom?: Social-group support for the Democratic and Republican parties
7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.4: Who voted how?: Republican, Democratic, and Independent voters in presidential elections
7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Party Voters
Realignment
Dealignment
Party Loyalty in Voting
Red States, Blue States
7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.5: Red states, blue states 7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.27.2 How many definite party realignments have occurred in U.S. history?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 3
d. No one knows for sure
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.2 How many definite party realignments have occurred in U.S. history?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 3
d. No one knows for sure
7.2
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Emergent Party System: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans System of ’24: Jacksonian Democrats and
Whigs System of ’60: Battlefield Sectionalism
and Republican Dominance System of ’96: Gilded Age Realignment
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Republican Split, Democratic Win System of ’32: New Deal Democratic
Party Turmoil and the Great Dealignment Reagan ’80 as Realignment 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization A Nation Divided Recent Realignment?
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Emergent Party System: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans System of ’24: Jacksonian Democrats and
Whigs System of ’60: Battlefield Sectionalism
and Republican Dominance System of ’96: Gilded Age Realignment
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.6: Change and continuity: American party system, 1789-2012
7.3
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Emergent Party System: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans System of ’24: Jacksonian Democrats and
Whigs System of ’60: Battlefield Sectionalism
and Republican Dominance System of ’96: Gilded Age Realignment
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Emergent Party System: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans System of ’24: Jacksonian Democrats and
Whigs System of ’60: Battlefield Sectionalism and
Republican Dominance System of ’96: Gilded Age Realignment Republican Split, Democratic Win
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party
Turmoil and the Great Dealignment Reagan ’80 as Realignment 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization A Nation Divided Recent Realignment?
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Inspiring confidence 7.3
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party
Turmoil and the Great Dealignment Reagan ’80 as Realignment 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization A Nation Divided Recent Realignment?
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party
Turmoil and the Great Dealignment Reagan ’80 as Realignment 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization A Nation Divided Recent Realignment?
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Power of unity 7.3
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party
Turmoil and the Great Dealignment Reagan ’80 as Realignment 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization A Nation Divided Recent Realignment?
7.3American Parties: A Historical Perspective
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
American Parties: A Historical Perspective
System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party
Turmoil and the Great Dealignment Reagan ’80 as Realignment 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization A Nation Divided Recent Realignment?
7.3
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.37.3 Since the 1960s, the Republican Party has gained which elements of the electorate?a. Southern whites
b. Social conservatives
c. Business owners
d. All of the above
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.3 Since the 1960s, the Republican Party has gained which elements of the electorate?a. Southern whites
b. Social conservatives
c. Business owners
d. All of the above
7.3
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
“Responsible” Parties in Theory But Winning Prevails over Principle Party and Ideology Erosion of Traditional Party Functions Divided Party Government Party Finances Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions Parties as Organizers of Elections
7.4Political Parties and Democratic Government
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Early Party Conventions Party Primaries Types of Primaries Party Caucuses Americans Elect Internet Primary General Elections
7.4Political Parties and Democratic Government
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
“Responsible” Parties in Theory But Winning Prevails over Principle Party and Ideology Erosion of Traditional Party Functions Divided Party Government Party Finances Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions Parties as Organizers of Elections
7.4Political Parties and Democratic Government
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.7: Why parties drift to the center
7.4
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.8: Why parties polarize 7.4
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
“Responsible” Parties in Theory But Winning Prevails over Principle Party and Ideology Erosion of Traditional Party Functions Divided Party Government Party Finances Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions Parties as Organizers of Elections
7.4Political Parties and Democratic Government
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TABLE 7.1: Who votes for the parties? Party and ideology among voters
7.4
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
“Responsible” Parties in Theory But Winning Prevails over Principle Party and Ideology Erosion of Traditional Party Functions Divided Party Government Party Finances Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions Parties as Organizers of Elections
7.4Political Parties and Democratic Government
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TABLE 7.2: Where’s the money?: Party finances in millions
7.4
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
“Responsible” Parties in Theory But Winning Prevails over Principle Party and Ideology Erosion of Traditional Party Functions Divided Party Government Party Finances Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions Parties as Organizers of Elections
7.4Political Parties and Democratic Government
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TABLE 7.3: Who finances the parties?: Contributors to the Republican and Democratic parties by sector
7.4
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Early Party Conventions Party Primaries Types of Primaries Party Caucuses Americans Elect Internet Primary General Elections
7.4Political Parties and Democratic Government
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Early Party Conventions Party Primaries Types of Primaries Party Caucuses Americans Elect Internet Primary General Elections
7.4Political Parties and Democratic Government
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Political Parties and Democratic Government
Early Party Conventions Party Primaries Types of Primaries Party Caucuses Americans Elect Internet Primary General Elections
7.4
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.4 How were party nominees originally selected?
a. By caucuses in each state
b. By nominating conventions
c. By primary elections
d. By party leaders
7.4
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.47.4 How were party nominees originally selected?
a. By caucuses in each state
b. By nominating conventions
c. By primary elections
d. By party leaders
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Party-in-the-Electorate Party-in-the-Government Party as Organization National Party Structure State Party Organizations County Committees
7.5Where’s the Party?
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Party-in-the-Electorate Party-in-the-Government Party as Organization National Party Structure State Party Organizations County Committees
7.5Where’s the Party?
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.9: Where’s the party? 7.5
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Party-in-the-Electorate Party-in-the-Government Party as Organization National Party Structure State Party Organizations County Committees
7.5Where’s the Party?
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Where’s the Party?
Party-in-the-Electorate Party-in-the-Government Party as Organization National Party Structure State Party Organizations County Committees
7.5
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.57.5 What is the party-in-the-electorate?
a. Local party committee members
b. Voters who consistently vote for one party
c. Delegates to party nominating conventions
d. Elected officials who are loyal to their party
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.5 What is the party-in-the-electorate?
a. Local party committee members
b. Voters who consistently vote for one party
c. Delegates to party nominating conventions
d. Elected officials who are loyal to their party
7.5
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Convention Delegates Making Party Rules Party Platforms Selecting a Running Mate Campaign Kickoff Volunteers: Life of the Party
7.6National Party Conventions
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Conventions produce memorable moments
7.6
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Convention Delegates Making Party Rules Making Party Rules Party Platforms Selecting a Running Mate Campaign Kickoff Volunteers: Life of the Party
7.6National Party Conventions
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
FIGURE 7.10: Ideologies of party activists compared to voters
7.6
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Convention Delegates Making Party Rules Party Platforms Selecting a Running Mate Campaign Kickoff Volunteers: Life of the Party
7.6National Party Conventions
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Spouse as candidate 7.6
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
National Party Conventions
Convention Delegates Making Party Rules Party Platforms Selecting a Running Mate Campaign Kickoff Volunteers: Life of the Party
7.6
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.6 What are superdelegates?
a. Really good delegates
b. Delegates who are chosen via local elections
c. Delegates who have served at more than 10 conventions
d. Delegates who are not pledged to a candidate
7.6
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.67.6 What are superdelegates?
a. Really good delegates
b. Delegates who are chosen via local elections
c. Delegates who have served at more than 10 conventions
d. Delegates who are not pledged to a candidate
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Third Parties in the United States
Ideological Parties Protest Parties Single-Issue Parties Splinter Parties Anti-Party Party Third-Party Prospects
7.7
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Ideological Parties Protest Parties Single-Issue Parties Splinter Parties Anti-Party Party Third-Party Prospects
7.7Third Parties in the United States
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Ideological Parties Protest Parties Single-Issue Parties Splinter Parties Anti-Party Party Third-Party Prospects
7.7Third Parties in the United States
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Ideological Parties Protest Parties Single-Issue Parties Splinter Parties Anti-Party Party Third-Party Prospects
7.7Third Parties in the United States
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Table 7.4: Opposing the two-party system: Twentieth-century, third-party presidential votes
7.7
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.77.7 Which party split the Republican vote in the presidential election of 1912?
a. Socialist
b. Prohibition
c. Progressive
d. Reform
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.7 Which party split the Republican vote in the presidential election of 1912?
a. Socialist
b. Prohibition
c. Progressive
d. Reform
7.7
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Why the Two-Party System Persists
Cultural Consensus Winner-Takes-All Electoral System Legal Access to the Ballot
7.8
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Why the Two-Party System Persists
Cultural Consensus Winner-Takes-All Electoral System Legal Access to the Ballot
7.8
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.7 What is the main reason that we have a two-party system?a. Cost of elections
b. Winner-take-all elections
c. Third parties legally prohibited
d. No new ideological space to take out
7.8
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
7.87.7 What is the main reason that we have a two-party system?a. Cost of elections
b. Winner-take-all elections
c. Third parties legally prohibited
d. No new ideological space to take out
© 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Discussion Question
What role do parties play in the electoral process? How has it changed over time?
7
top related