materials in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs. give some...

Resources and Land Use

Natural Resources

Materials in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs.

Give some examples of natural resources you use on a daily basis.

Geographers Study:

1. The ways that people use world resources.

2. Where resources are located. 3. How resources are distributed. 4. How the use of resources affect the

earth.

Renewable Resources

Regenerated or replaced by the environment Soil Water Sun Wind

Renewable energy sources Water Power: energy from falling water to power

machines to generate electricity Geothermal Energy: produced from the earth’s

internal heat Solar Energy: produced from the sun’s radiation Wind Power: conversion of wind energy to

generate electricity

Nonrenewable Resource

Cannot be replaced once used Minerals Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) Iron, copper, aluminum, uranium, gold

Energy Sources

Fossil Fuels: formed by ancient plant and animal remains (over millions of years) Unevenly spread around the world Limited amount/Likely to run out Causes pollution/hurts the environment

Global Gas Prices

Netherlands $6.48 Norway $6.27 Italy $5.96 Denmark $5.93 Sweden $5.80 London $5.79 Germany $5.57 France $5.54 Saudi Arabia $0.91 Kuwait $0.78 Egypt $0.65 Nigeria $0.38 Venezuela $0.12

As of 2005

Cost of a Tank

Crude Oil + Refining Process

+ Retail Sales/Distribution + Taxes

= Gas Price

69%

6%

10%

15%

23.46

2.04

3.04

5.1

34.00

The earth’s resources are not evenly distributed around the world

Affects: where people live, economic activities, trade, etc.

How do you get what you want and need?

Economic Activities

Economic Activities: what people do in order to acquire the things they need and the luxuries they desire

4 categories Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary

Economic Activities

1. Primary Economic Activities: rely directly on natural resources Examples: fishing, forestry, mining, farming,

hunting/gathering, herding

Subsistence Farming VS Commercial Farming

Economic Activities

2. Secondary Economic Activities: people use raw materials to produce new products of greater value Examples: pressing wheat to make flour,

manufacturing

Cottage Industry VS Commercial Industry

Economic Activities

3. Tertiary Economic Activities: do not directly gather or process raw materials – instead they pursue activities that serve others Examples: doctors, salespeople, truck

drivers, firefighters, police

Economic Activities

4. Quaternary Economic Activities: acquisition, processing, and sharing of information Examples: education, government, information

processing, research, Lawyers

Global Trade Patterns

Exports: goods sent out of the country Imports: goods brought into the country

Governments attempt to maintain a balance

Deficit = domestic businesses lose profits/fail, unemployment rises, nation’s debt to other countries rises

Economic Systems

Traditional Economy – families produce what they need - (personal use/little trade)

Market Economy – (Free enterprise) – Capitalism Private individuals/groups decide what to produce, how much to produce, and at what price

Law of supply and demand

Economic Systems

Command Economy – controlled by a single, central government

Economic decisions made by government leaders (what and how much to produce at what price)

Decisions made to achieve social or political goals (Communism)

Economic Systems

Mixed Economy – mixture of all three

SocialismGovernment should run some

industriesGovernment should provide some

goods and servicesTo pay for services, usually impose

high taxes

Economic Development

Developed: Modern industrial societies High standard of living, higher education

levels, live longer Digital technologies, communications,

transportation

Economic Development

Underdeveloped: lower levels of prosperity

Lack adequate industries and modern technology

Depend on developed countries for manufactured goods

Economic Development

Developing: show evidence of political, economic, and social progress

One measure – per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Total value of goods and services produced in

a country in a year/total population

Quiz (18 points)

1. Why has the world’s population increased rapidly over time?

2. How is population density calculated? 3. List the 4 economic activities and give an

example of each. 4. List and describe 3 economic systems used

in the world. 5. What is wrong with having a deficit when it

comes to importing and exporting?