1 cris: research organisation view of the e-infrastructure keith g jeffery stfc anne asserson uib
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CRIS: Research Organisation View of the e-Infrastructure
Keith G Jeffery STFC
Anne Asserson UiB
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Authors
Anne Asserson UiB
Keith G Jeffery STFC-RAL
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Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
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BACK TO THE FUTURE
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BACK TO THE FUTURE
The problem is:CRISs are not much used compared with other
information sourcesBecause:(a) they are difficult to use (different from everything else at
client workstation)(b) the data quality is insufficient - timeliness, completeness(c) they do not integrate easily with other information
sources(d) they do not integrate easily with local office environmentSo:
They are just not sexy !
From CRIS1998
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• CRIS91: advocated electronic documents Quality– use of electronic forms for input – electronic documents for output
• CRIS93: advocated use of WWW Availability– easy-to use UI– ubiquitous– UI integration with other information sources and desktop
• CRIS95: ‘CRIS emerging into the light’ Integrated– WWW for client environment compatibility with office systems– workflow and cscw for document (e-forms, reports) management– resolving heterogeneity in information access (by metadata)
BACK TO THE FUTURE
Recapitulation of proposals from earlier CRIS conferences
From CRIS1998
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BACK TO THE FUTURE
• At CRIS 1998 advocated the use of metadata as the key to ensure CRIS are integrated with their environment– With office environment– With WWW for easy access to information– With workflow for quality input– With other systems in the organisation– With other CRIS (interoperation)
• But it just did not happen!
From CRIS1998
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CRIS2008
• 10 years on are we – the euroCRIS community - in danger again of missing out by not constructing CRIS such that they are ‘sexy’?
• This presentation introduces an architectural vision and proposes an action plan to place CERIF-CRIS at the centre of modern ICT environments
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Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
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e-infrastructure
server server server server
detectors
e-Physical
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e-,i-infrastructure
server server server server
detectors
e-
i-Information
Systems
Physical
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e-,i-,k-infrastructure
serverserver server server
detectors
e-
i-
k- Deduction & induction – human or machine
Physical
Information
Systems
server
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Why is this important?• e-science (or more generally
e-research)
• e-infrastructure concept adopted by the EC
• architecture adopted by the NESSI ETP
• ETSI (European Telecommunications Standardisation Institute)
• most advanced research now done using this environment: particle physics, molecular biology, astronomy, materials science, physics, chemistry, geoscience, meteorology, environmental science, social science, economics / econometrics, history……
• and linked (ESFRI) with research infrastructure e.g. large facilities, databases etc
• (European Technology Platform) – major European ICT players
• aiming to standardise – Special Group on GRIDs (Mike Fisher, BT)
This infrastructure was initiated in the community we serve and is evolving from R&D to business
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e-,i-middleware
e-
i-
k-
Lower middleware(hides physical heterogeneity)
Upper middleware(hides syntactic heterogeneity)
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i-, k-middleware
e-
i-
k-
K- upper middleware(resolves semantic heterogeneity)
K- lower middleware(presents declared semantics)
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Middleware and CERIF-CRIS
e-
i-
k-
Lower middleware(hides physical heterogeneity)
Upper middleware(hides syntactic heterogeneity)
K- upper middleware(resolves semantic heterogeneity)
K- lower middleware(presents declared semantics)
CERIF-CRIS
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Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
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PROJECT
ORGUNIT
Skills
CV
GeneralFacility
ParticularEquipment
ContactResults
PublicationResultsPatentResultsProduct
Service
FundingProgramme
Event
ClassificationPrize/Award
PERSON
CERIF DataModel
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
CERIF-CRIS
Managing Research Information at a researching or research funding organisation: decision support
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
Publicationrepository
CERIF-CRIS
With associated scholarly publications providing deeper information on the research; metadata in the CERIF-CRIS
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
Publicationrepository
DatasetSoftwarerepository
CERIF-CRIS
And research datasets and software to allow detailed examination of the research method; metadata in the CERIF-CRIS
Note: metadata for products and patents stored in CERIF-CRIS; detail elsewhere (e.g. national or international system)
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
Publicationrepository
DatasetSoftwarerepository
Finance system
CERIF-CRIS
With financial information related to research activity to assess value for money
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
Publicationrepository
DatasetSoftwarerepository
Finance system
HumanResources
system
CERIF-CRIS
And human resource information related to the research activity to ensure appropriate skills and resource availability
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
Publicationrepository
DatasetSoftwarerepository
Finance system
HumanResources
system
Project Management
system
CERIF-CRIS
And project management information including milestones, deliverables and resources of the research to understand the research method
This list of organisational ICT systems is not exclusive…
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
Publicationrepository
DatasetSoftwarerepository
Finance system
HumanResources
system
Project Management
system
CERIF-CRIS
DirectoryServices
And directory services to control research workflow, messaging, authentication, authorisation, access
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
Publicationrepository
DatasetSoftwarerepository
Finance system
HumanResources
system
Project Management
system
CERIF-CRIS
Web pages DirectoryServices
And generation of intranet (organisation), DMZ (trusted business partners) and extranet (public ) web-pages
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CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation
Publicationrepository
DatasetSoftwarerepository
Finance system
HumanResources
system
Project Management
system
CERIF-CRIS
Web pages DirectoryServices
This is fine for one organisation but research is international, so…
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CERIF Interoperation
CERIF-CRIS CERIF-CRIS
CERIF-CRIS
CERIF provides interoperation of CRIS and associated systems with formal syntax and declared semantics so that it is reliable and scalable.
Interconnect
Backplane
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support
• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a
repository
• Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a
repository• Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository
• Access view to financial information of an organisation
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a
repository• Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository• Access view to financial information of an organisation
• Access view to human resource information of an organisation
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a
repository• Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository• Access view to financial information of an organisation• Access view to human resource information of an organisation
• Access view to project management information of an organisation
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a
repository• Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository• Access view to financial information of an organisation• Access view to human resource information of an organisation• Access view to project management information of an organisation
• (and to other relevant organisation systems)
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a
repository• Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository• Access view to financial information of an organisation• Access view to human resource information of an organisation• Access view to project management information of an organisation• (and to other relevant organisation systems)
• Provision of directory service information for authentication, authorisation, workflow, cooperative working…
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a
repository• Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository• Access view to financial information of an organisation• Access view to human resource information of an organisation• Access view to project management information of an organisation• (and to other relevant organisation systems)• Provision of directory service information for authentication,
authorisation, workflow, cooperative working…
• Generation of web pages presenting the organisation on intranet, DMZ and extranet directly or from other organisational systems through the CERIF-CRIS
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Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re-iteration• Research information system for decision-support• Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a
repository• Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository• Access view to financial information of an organisation• Access view to human resource information of an organisation• Access view to project management information of an organisation• (and to other relevant organisation systems)• Provision of directory service information for authentication,
authorisation, workflow, cooperative working…• Generation of web pages presenting the organisation on intranet, DMZ
and extranet directly or from other organisational systems through the CERIF-CRIS
• Interoperation with other CERIF-CRIS (and their associated systems) to give a global view of research information
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Take-Home Message #1
Make the CERIF-CRIS the centre of the research organisation to
a) Integrate all other systems
b) Interoperate with external systems
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Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
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Bringing it Together
CERIF-CRIS
server server server
detectorse-
i-
k-
Deduction & induction – human or machine
Physical
Information
Systems
server
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CERIF-CRIS and ICT infrastructure
• A CERIF-CRIS is well-positioned in the i-infrastructure
• Implication is that it has to interact with– Upper middleware at
bottom of i-infrastructure– K-lower middleware at
top of i-infrastructure
e-
i-
k-
Lower middleware(hides physical heterogeneity)
Upper middleware(hides syntactic heterogeneity)
K- upper middleware(resolves semantic heterogeneity)
K- lower middleware(presents declared semantics)
CERIF-CRIS
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Middleware and SOA
• Middleware is usually constructed using SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) techniques
• Each service is discrete with a clearly defined function
• It is described by metadata which covers its functional and non-functional properties
• Services can be composed (orchestrated, choreographed) into larger units– based on their metadata
SOA replaces ad hoc interfaces between systems with a consistent architectural style
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Take-Home Message #2
The infrastructure is being constructed now.
CERIF-CRIS must be at the heart of the use of the infrastructure for research
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Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
46
CERIF-CRIS and SOA
• So we need to construct CERIF-CRIS so they can fit into this architecture
• There are two tasks:– Define the metadata to describe the services– Define the services (functions and their non-
functional properties) required in a CRIS environment
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Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
48
Metadata for SOA-CRIS
• Fortunately classification and definition– Presented at CRIS1998 Luxembourg– Refined in a full GRIDs environment at a
seminar in 2000 (published in Springer-Verlag LNCS)
• Related to work on publication metadata– Presented at Grey Literature Conference
1999– And refined at CRIS2004 Antwerpen
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Classification of Metadata
data (document, software, service)
SCHEMA NAVIGATIONAL ASSOCIATIVE
how to
get it
constrain it
view to users
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Classification of Metadata
data (document, software, service)
SCHEMA NAVIGATIONAL ASSOCIATIVE
how to
get it
constrain it
view to users
e.g. URI
Descriptive e.g. formalised DC
Restrictive e.g. rights, charges
Supportive e.g. thesauri, ontologies
To assure integrity
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Example: Associative Metadata Scholarly Publication
UniqueIdPerson OrgUnit
Security
Privacy
AccessLevel
Charge
Restrictive
Annotation
Classification
Quality Assessment
OrgUnit
Publication
Domain of CERIF
PersonProject
ResourceIdentifier
Subject
Keywords
Description
Resource Type
Coverage Temporal
Coverage Spatial
TitleDescriptive
Navigational
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Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
53
Services• A Service • Composed Services
Functional Program
Code(to deliver the service)
Service description(descriptive metadata)
InputParameterdefinitions
OutputParameterdefinitions
Restrictions on use of service(restrictive metadata)
Multiple
Instances
Parallel
execution
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Metadata for Services
• Just as data, information, documents can be characterised by metadata
• So can software (as services)
• And hardware• And combinations can be
wrapped together to form composed services (e.g server plus software plus information)– E.g. institutional repository– E.g. finance system
User Interface
A composed service
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Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
56
Advanced middleware concepts
• Intelligent Hyperactive Objects– To facilitate intelligent workflow– From Grey Literature Conference 2006
• SOKU– To facilitate intelligent software construction– From EU Next Generation GRIDs Expert
Group 2005A glimpse of the future: the current advanced ICT R&D that will become mainstream
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Intelligent Hyperactive Objects
• Hyperactive combines both – hyperlinking – active properties of a (grey) object.
• Hyperlinking implies multimedia components linked to form the object and also external links to other resources.
• The term active implies that objects do not (only) lie passively in a repository to be retrieved by end–users. They ‘get a life’ and the object moves through the network knowing where it is going.
Grey Object (eg hyperlinked
Document)
metadata
Encapsulated object
agentActiverules
relationships
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CERIF-CRIS System Workflow authorise
authorauthoriseauthor
action
relationlink
metadata
authorauthorisedeposit
authorauthorisedepositreview
authorauthorisedepositreview
publicationPush system
Relation Systemauthor
authorisedepositreview
publicationpush
active rules
ScholarlyPublications
Research Data
and Software
At author institution
ScholarlyPublicationsScholarly
PublicationsScholarlyPublications
Research Data
and Software Research Data
and Software Research Data
and Software At other institutions
PROJECT
ORGUNIT
Skills
CV
GeneralFacility
ParticularEquipment
ContactResults
PublicationResultsPatentResultsProduct
Service
FundingProgramme
Event
ClassificationPrize/Award
PERSON
CERIF DataModel
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A utility is a directly and immediately useable service with established functionality, performance and dependability, illustrating the emphasis on user needs and issues such as trust
Services are knowledge-assisted (‘semantic’) to facilitate automation and advanced functionality, the knowledge aspect reinforced by the emphasis on delivering high level services to the user
Service-Oriented Knowledge UtilityNGG3
The architecture comprises services which may be instantiated and assembled dynamically, hence the structure, behaviour and location of software is changing at run-time;
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Next Generation Grids Report 2005Next Generation Grids Report 2005NGG3
NGG1&NGG2 vision and research challengesNext
GenerationGrids
Architectural Vision
OpenReliable Scalable
Persistent Transparent
Person-centricPervasive
Secure / trusted Standards-based
User Interface
Grid Economies Business models
Virtual Organisation
Systems Management Co-ord. and orchestration
Information representation
Research Themes
NextGeneration
Grid(s)
Adaptability, Scalability,
Dependability
Raising theLevel of
Abstraction
Trust and Security in
VirtualOrganizations
Semantic Technologies
Lifecycle Management
Pervasiveness and
Context Awareness of Services
Future for European Grids: GRIDs and Service Oriented Knowledge Utilities –Future for European Grids: GRIDs and Service Oriented Knowledge Utilities – Vision and Research Directions 2010 and Beyond, December 2006Vision and Research Directions 2010 and Beyond, December 2006
Human Factors and
Societal Issues
End-User – Business/Enterprise –Manufacturing/Industrial
Research Topics
Driving Scenarios
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From Web towards SOKUNGG3
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e-
i-
k-
Lower middleware(hides physical heterogeneity)
Upper middleware(hides syntactic heterogeneity)
K- upper middleware(resolves semantic heterogeneity)
K- lower middleware(presents declared semantics)
SOKUs in middleware and application services
K-component I-component E-component Middleware component
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SOA, Intelligent Hyperactive Documents and SOKU
Functional Program
Code(to deliver the service)
Service description(descriptive metadata)
InputParameterdefinitions
OutputParameterdefinitions
Restrictions on use of service(restrictive metadata)
Grey Object (eg hyperlinked
Document)
metadata
Encapsulated object
agentActiverules
relationships
SOKUSoftware view Data view
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Take-Home Message #3
There are exciting developments in R&D that can make it easier to use the infrastructure for purposes concerning research.
CERIF-CRIS is exactly in line with these developments: get on the ‘train’ now because it is soon leaving.
65
Structure
• A little history• Current (advanced) ICT infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS in an organisation• CERIF-CRIS in the ICT Infrastructure• CERIF-CRIS and SOA
– Metadata– Services
• CERIF-CRIS and infrastructure: Future• Conclusions
66
Wake-up Call (again)
• The glimpse of the future is being developed now in the EC Framework 7 Programme– Challengers, 3S
• 2008: 10 years on from 1998 are we – the euroCRIS community - in danger again of missing out by not constructing CRIS such that they are ‘sexy’?
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What Should We Do?
• We need to get ‘to the starting line’ so that CERIF-CRIS can be in the mainstream
• Step 1 is to use CERIF as information (for CRIS) and as metadata (for integrating other information)– Because it has formal syntax and defined semantics
• Step 2 is to define and create a set of services (SOA) to allow composition of higher-level services dynamically to satisfy the user requirements of CRIS and associated systems– So that the architecture is compatible with the developing
infrastructure
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Work to be done: Metadata
• Provide a strawman proposal for metadata for services, objects– Based on schema / navigational / associative
(descriptive, restrictive, supportive)
• Gain general agreement• Test in use-cases• Revise as necessary• Standardise (ETSI, W3C) euroCRIS should be active in this to ensure
CERIF-CRIS well-represented in the ICT infrastructure
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CRIS Services
• The requirement is to define a set of services related to a CERIF-CRIS for its maintenance and use
• The obvious start-point is the relational algebra– Select, project, difference, union, join, update– Because it is formally defined and based on theory– And because it expects information to be in FoL
• Supplemented by functions for– Reporting, statistical analysis, prediction/simulation
• And for – interoperation
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Work to be done: Services
• Provide a strawman proposal for CRIS services– Based on relational algebra and additional functions
• Gain general agreement• Test in use-cases• Revise as necessary• Standardise (ETSI, W3C) euroCRIS should be active in this to ensure
CERIF-CRIS well-represented in the ICT infrastructure
71
Take-Home Messages
#1 Make the CERIF-CRIS the centre of the research organisation to
a) Integrate all other systems
b) Interoperate with external systems
72
Take-Home Messages
#1 Make the CERIF-CRIS the centre of the research organisation to
a) Integrate all other systems
b) Interoperate with external systems
#2 The infrastructure is being constructed now.
CERIF-CRIS must be at the heart of the use of the infrastructure for research
73
Take-Home Messages#1 Make the CERIF-CRIS the centre of the research organisation toa) Integrate all other systemsb) Interoperate with external systems
#2 The infrastructure is being constructed now. CERIF-CRIS must be at the heart of use of the infrastructure for research
#3 There are exciting developments in R&D that can make it easier to use the infrastructure for purposes concerning research.
CERIF-CRIS is exactly in line with these developments: get on the ‘train’ now because it is soon leaving.
74
Forward to the Future
• euroCRIS must seize this opportunity– Propose a metadata definition for services
and objects– Propose the set of services required for a
CRIS environment
• And so define CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the research environment across the e-, i-, k- infrastructure
keith.g.jeffery@rl.ac.uk anne.asserson@fa.uib.no
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