1 heating and cooling of structure observations by thermo imaging camera during the cardington fire...

1

Heating and Cooling of Structure

Observations by Thermo Imaging Camera during the Cardington Fire Test, January 16, 2003

Pašek J., Svoboda J., Wald F. Technical University in Prague has produced this lesson

with the support of the EU Fifth Framework project No. CV 5535 „Tensile membrane action and robustness of structural steel joints under natural fire“.

2

Fin Plate Connection before the Experiment

Fire compartment N

E2D2

E1D1

Fin plate connection

3

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = 26 min. con,ø = 275 °C

In 26 min. of fire is temperature of the structure under 400°C.

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

Gas temperatureHeating

Time

4

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 28’ Tcon,ø = 330 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

Time

Heating

Gas temperature

t = 28’ con,ø = 330 °Ct = 26 min. con,ø = 275 °C

5

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 30’ Tcon,ø = 390 °C

By heating is connection colder compare to connected beam

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

Gas temperatureHeating

Time

t = 30 min. con,ø = 390 °C

6

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 32’ Tcon,ø = 440 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

HeatingGas temperature

Time

t = 32 min. con,ø = 440 °C

By heating is connection colder compare to connected beam

7

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 34’ Tcon,ø = 480 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 34 min. con,ø = 480 °C

8

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 36’ Tcon,ø = 520 °C

Buckling of beam lower flange

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 36 min. con,ø = 520 °C

9

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 38’ Tcon,ø = 565 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 38 min. con,ø = 565 °C

Buckling of beam lower flange

10

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 40’ Tcon,ø = 590 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 40 min. con,ø = 590 °C

Buckling of beam lower flange

11

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 42’ Tcon,ø = 645 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 42 min. con,ø = 645 °C

Buckling of beam lower flange

12

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 44’ Tcon,ø = 660 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 44 min. con,ø = 660 °C

Buckling of beam lower flange

13

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 46’ Tcon,ø = 685 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 46 min. con,ø = 685 °C

14

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 48’ Tcon,ø = 710 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 48 min. con,ø = 710 °C

15

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 50’ Tcon,ø = 730 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 50 min. con,ø = 730 °C

16

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 52’ Tcon,ø = 775 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 52 min. con,ø = 775 °C

17

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 54’ Tcon,ø = 810 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

Gas temperatureCooling

Time

t = 54 min. con,ø = 810 °C

18

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 56’ Tcon,ø = 835 °C

The maximal temperature of 1088 °C of secondary beam was reached by its lower flange in 57 min.

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

Gas temperatureCooling

Time

t = 56 min. con,ø = 835 °C

19

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 0 h 58’ Tcon,ø = 855 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

Gas temperatureCooling

Time

t = 58 min. con,ø = 855 °C

20

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 00’ Tcon,ø = 880 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

Gas temperatureCooling

Time

t = 60 min. con,ø = 880 °C

21

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 02’ Tcon,ø = 900 °C

Maximal temperature of fin plate connection 908,3°C was reached in 63 min.

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 62 min. con,ø = 900 °C

22

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 04’ Tcon,ø = 885 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 64 min. con,ø = 885 °C

23

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 06’ Tcon,ø = 860 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 66 min. con,ø = 860 °C

24

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 08’ Tcon,ø = 840 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 68 min. con,ø = 840 °C

25

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 10’ Tcon,ø = 820 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 70 min. con,ø = 820 °C

26

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 12’ Tcon,ø = 800 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 72 min. con,ø = 800 °C

27

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 14’ Tcon,ø = 790 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 74 min. con,ø = 790 °C

28

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 16’ Tcon,ø = 770 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 76 min. con,ø = 770 °C

29

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 18’ Tcon,ø = 755 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 78 min. con,ø = 775 °C

30

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 20’ Tcon,ø = 745 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 80 min. con,ø = 745 °C

31

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 22’ Tcon,ø = 740 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 82 min. con,ø = 740 °C

32

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 24’ Tcon,ø = 730 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 84 min. con,ø = 730 °C

33

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 26’ Tcon,ø = 720 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 76 min. con,ø = 720 °C

34

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 28’ Tcon,ø = 710 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 78 min. con,ø = 710 °C

35

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 30’ Tcon,ø = 690 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 90 min. con,ø = 690 °C

36

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 32’ Tcon,ø = 680 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 92 min. con,ø = 680 °C

37

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 34’ Tcon,ø = 670 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 94 min. con,ø = 670 °C

38

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 36’ Tcon,ø = 650 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 96 min. con,ø = 650 °C

39

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 38’ Tcon,ø = 640 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 98 min. con,ø = 640 °C

40

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 40’ Tcon,ø = 635 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 100 min. con,ø = 635 °C

The connection is warmer compare to the connected beam by cooling of the structure,but never reached the beam maximal temperature.

41

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 42’ Tcon,ø = 620 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 102 min. con,ø = 620 °C

The connection is warmer compare to the connected beam by cooling of the structure,but never reached the beam maximal temperature.

42

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 44’ Tcon,ø = 600 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 104 min. con,ø = 600 °C

The connection is warmer compare to the connected beam by cooling of the structure,but never reached the beam maximal temperature.

43

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 46’ Tcon,ø = 585 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 106 min. con,ø = 585 °C

44

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 48’ Tcon,ø = 560 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 108 min. con,ø = 560 °C

45

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 50’ Tcon,ø = 540 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 110 min. con,ø = 540 °C

46

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 52’ Tcon,ø = 520 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 112 min. con,ø = 520 °C

47

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 54’ Tcon,ø = 505 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 114 min. con,ø = 505 °C

48

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 56’ Tcon,ø = 485 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 116 min. con,ø = 585 °C

49

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 1 h 58’ Tcon,ø = 470 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 118 min. con,ø = 470 °C

50

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 2 h 00’ Tcon,ø = 450 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 120 min. con,ø = 450 °C

51

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 2 h 02’ Tcon,ø = 435 °C

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 122 min. con,ø = 435 °C

52

400,0°C

980,0°C

400

600

800

t = t0 + 2 h 04’ Tcon,ø = 420 °C

After two hours of a natural fire is temperature of the structure under 400°C.

600

1000, °C

00 30 60 90 mint,

t = 124 min. con,ø = 420 °C

53

Fin plate connection after the experiment

54

E2D2

E1D1

0

200

400

600

800

1000

0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 Time, min

Fin plate, by 4th bolt

Measured temperature, °C

Beam, bottom flange

Difference whown

imaging by the thermo

camera

Temperature Differences Measured by Thermocouples

Maximal temperature of fin plate by 4th bolt 908 °C in 63 min.

55

Measured 908 °C in 63 min.; predicted 878 °C in 53 min.

Prediction by prEN 1993-1-2: 2004

E2D2

E1D1

0

200

400

600

800

1000

0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 Time, min

Measured

from gas measured temp.

Connection temperature, °C

based on "section factor"pr EN 1993-1-2: 2004

Predicted

based on measured temp.from beam bottom flange

prEN1993-1-2: 2004

Predicted

56

Pašek J., Svoboda J., Wald F. Technical University in Prague has produced this lesson

with the support of the EU Fifth Framework project No. CV 5535 Tensile membrane action and robustness of structural steel joints under natural fire.

Thank you for your Attention