1908 - 1912

Picasso and BraqueAnalytical Cubism

1908 - 1912

To analyze means to break down something into its component

parts.

Purpose

• to suggest new ways of understanding how we see the world—through the mind rather than the eye: conceptual rather than perceptual

• to question accepted reality

• to explore the world according to consciousness

Analytical Cubism: Characteristics

• developed a new way of depicting space which involved multiple and mixed perspectives

• gave equal importance to the figure and ground because there was no such thing as “one fixed point of view in nature”

• was trying to represent the flux of reality

Analytical Cubism: Description

• Objects fractured into visual fragments were rearranged so that the viewer would not have to walk through space in allotted time in order to view them in sequence.

• Visual segments of the front, back, top, bottom, and sides of an object jump out and assault the viewer’s eye simultaneously.

Subject Matter

• landscapes

• women with musical instruments

• studio still lifes

Pablo Picasso photographed in his studio at 11 Boulevard de Clichy, 1911.

Pablo Picasso. Self-portrait (1907). Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Self-portraitwith Palette (1906). Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso.Head of a Woman(1907). Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso.

Nude with Raised Arms

(summer-autumn 1907)

Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso.

Nude with Drapery (1907).

Oil on canvas.

Example of bas-relief

Pablo Picasso. Friendship (winter 1907-08). Oil on canvas.

Example of bas-relief—shallow relief sculpture

Henri Matisse. Back I (1909).Bronze.

Relief Illusion: Sculptural Painting

• Cubist paintings brought things closer to the viewer by creating a ‘manual space.’

• Cubist paintings represented layers of carved or etched surfaces on which the prominent aspects of objects, their peaks or saliences, jutted forward and jostled with each other.

Pablo Picasso. Three Figures under aTree (autumn 1907). Oil on canvas.

Example of a bas-relief

Pablo Picasso. Three Women (autumn1907- late 1908).Oil on canvas.

Michelangelo. Slaves (1509).Marble.

Pablo Picasso. Woman with a Fan (late spring 1908). Oil on canvas.

Paul Cézanne. MadameCézanne in a Yellow Chair (1888-90). Oil oncanvas.

Pablo Picasso. The Dryad (1908). Oil on canvas.

Vesalius. 7th plate of the muscles from the 2nd book of De Humani Corporis Fabrica (1543).

Georges Braque

1882 - 1963

Photograph of GeorgesBraque in his studio (early 1912).

Georges Braque. The Landscape of L’Estaque (1906). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Terrace of Hotel Mistral (autumn 1907).Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Viaduct at L’Estaque (autumn1907). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque.Viaduct at L’Estaque(early 1908). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Large Nude(spring 1908). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque.Viaduct at L’Estaque(summer 1908).Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Landscape(August 1908). Watercolorand gouache.

Georges Braque. Houses at L’Estaque (August 1908). Oil on canvas.

Houses at L’Estaquephotographed by Daniel-Henri Kahhnweiler, 1909.

Georges Braque. House atL’Estaque (August 1908).Oil on canvas.

William James’ “foldingvisiting card” experiment(James, 1890, vol.1, p.225.

Pablo Picasso. Cottage and Trees(August 1908). Oil on canvas.

William James’ “foldingvisiting card” experiment(James, 1890, vol. 1, p.225).

Paul Cézanne. The Bibémus Quarry (ca.1895). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Trees atL’Estaque (August 1908).Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Landscape(autumn 1908). Oil on canvas.

Paul Cézanne. Mont Sainte-Victoire as Seen from the Bibémus Quarry (1895). Oilon canvas.

Georges Braque. Harbor(autumn-winter 1908-09).Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Landscape with Houses(winter 1908-09).Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Still Life with Hat (Cézanne’s Hat), winter 1908-09. Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Bread and Fruit Dishon a Table (winter1908-09). Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Carnival at the Bistro(winter 1908-09). Watercolor and pencil.

Pablo Picasso. Carnival atthe Bistro (winter 1908-09).Gouache.

Pablo Picasso. Bread and Fruit

Dish on a Table (winter 1908-

09). Oil on canvas.

Georges BraqueGuitar and Fruit Dish(winter-spring 1909).Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Bather(winter-spring 1909). Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Woman with aMandolin (spring 1909).Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Landscape with Bridge (spring 1909).Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso.Woman with a Fan(spring 1909).Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque.Harbor in Normandy (May-June 1909).Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Chateau at La Roche-Guyon (summer 1909). Oil on canvas.

The pictorial relief effect

tries to render the instability

of the cliff-hugging castle

that appears about to

tumble down the side of the

hill.

Pablo Picasso. Factory at Horta de Ebro(summer 1909). Oil on canvas.

Postcard sent byPicasso andFernande fromBarcelona, May1909.

Pablo Picasso. Houses on the Hill, Horta de Ebro(summer 1909). Oil on canvas.

Photo taken byPicasso of Hortade Ebro, 1909

Pablo Picasso. Mill at Horta (summer 1909). Watercolor.

Photo of Horta taken byPicasso.

Pablo Picasso. Reservoir at Horta (summer 1909). Oilon canvas.

Photo of Horta taken byPicasso

Pablo Picasso. Woman with a Vase of Flowers (spring 1909). Oil on canvas.

Fernande Olivier

Pablo Picasso.Bust of a Woman(summer 1909). Oil on canvas.

Fernande Olivier

Pablo Picasso. Seated Woman(summer 1909). Oil on canvas.

Fernande Olivier

Pablo Picasso. Nude in anArmchair (summer 1909).Oil on canvas.

Fernande Olivier

Pablo Picasso. Head of a Woman(Fernande Olivier),Autumn 1909. Bronze.

Paintings of Fernande in Picassso’s studio at Horta, photographed by the artist.

Pablo Picasso. Still Life withLiqueur Bottle(summer 1909).Oil on canvas.

Cubist painters rearranged a realistic picture into a flux resembling the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle.

Pablo Picasso. Le Bock (Pitcher of Beer),autumn 1909.Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso.Fan, Salt Box, and Melon (autumn 1909).Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Violin and Palette(autumn 1909). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Still Life withMandola and Metronome (autumn1909). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Mandola(winter 1909-10). Oil oncanvas.

By chopping space andtime into little chips,cubism exaggerates theruffled appearances ofreality’s surface as wind does on the water, forcingus to think about what isbeyond, behind, and withinthe surface of the pool.

Georges Braque. Violin andPitcher (winter 1909-10).Oil on canvas.

Photo of Le Sacré-Coeur.

Pablo Picasso. Le Sacré Coeur(winter 1910-10).Oil on canvas.

Photo of LeSacré-Coeur.

George Braque. Le Sacré-Coeur (winter 1909).Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Woman with a Mandolin (spring 1910). Oil on canvas.

Projections on a plane of views of the sixteen fundamental octahedrons

Pablo Picasso. Girl with a Mandolin (Fanny Tellier), spring 1910. Oil on canvas.

Camille Corot. GypsyGirl with Mandolin (1874). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Violinand Candlestick (spring1910). Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Female Figure(autumn 1910). Oil on canvas.

Wilhelm Uhde (photo).

Pablo Picasso. Portrait of Wilhelm Uhde (spring-autumn 1910).Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Portrait of Ambroise Vollard (spring-Autumn 1910). Oil on canvas.

Ambroise Vollard(photo).

Paul Cézanne. Portrait ofAmbroise Vollard (1899).

Influences

One dimensional

Two dimensional

Three dimensionalFourth dimensional

The Fourth Dimension

William Morton. X-ray photo

• First whole body x-ray of a living person

• Skeleton, heart, liver, rings, necklace,

bracelet, hatpin, buttonboots with nailed on heels, and a whalebone corset are all visible.

The X-ray

The Grid• evoked ideas of the visible

layers of the body

• means of holding the composition together

Grid used as an aid toanatomical drawings

Mapping the World

Mapping the World

The Pop-up book

Pablo Picasso. Portrait ofDaniel-Henry Kahnweiler(autumn-winter 1910). Oilon canvas.

Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler(photo).

Pablo Picasso. Buffalo Bill(spring 1911). Oil on canvas.

Projections on a plane of sixteen fundamentaloctahedrons

Georges Braque. Girl with aCross (spring 1911). Oil oncanvas.

Projections on a plane of views of the sixteen fundamental octahedrons

Cracking the Code

Catching the Ethereal: The World Slipping Away from the Images

Pablo Picasso. The Accordionist(summer 1911). Oil on canvas.

The figure from which he started

A drawing in which a light, realistic sketch of a seated man underlies the dark, cubistic outline.

A Clue to Picasso’s Cubist Abstractions

Pablo Picasso. The Accordionist(summer 1911). Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. The Poet(August 1911). Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. “Ma Jolie”(Woman with a Zither or Guitar), winter 1911-12. Oil on canvas.

Eva Gouel (MarcelleHumbert), photo.

Pablo Picasso. “Ma Jolie”(Woman with a Zither or Guitar), winter 1911-12. Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Le Portugais(The Emigrant), autumn 1911-Early 1912). Oil on canvas.

Nothing is agreed upon about

this painting. Is it a Portuguese

sailor on a boat or an Italian

singer performing at a bar?

Georges Braque. Still Lifewith a Violin (late 1911).Oil on canvas.

Georges Braque. Homage to J.S. Bach (summer1911). Oil on canvas.

Pablo Picasso. Still Life on a Piano (summer 1911).Oil on canvas.