20130609090641topic 2 the purpose of comparative education
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HMEF 5033
COMPARATIVEEDUCATION
TOPIC 2
THE PURPOSE OF COMPARATIVE
EDUCATIONPROF. DR. GURNAM KAUR SIDHU
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LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of this lecture you should be able to:
Evaluate the purposes of engaging in
comparative studies in educationAND
Examine the role of CE in planning, implementingimproved and innovative strategies and
international understanding
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LECTURE OUTLINE
2.1. The Purpose of ComparativeEducation
2.2. A Brief Review of Literature2.3. Planning2.4. Improvement and Innovation2.5. International Understanding
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2.1. The Purpose Of Comparative Education
To determine the basic principlesunderlying different national systems ofeducation
Explain
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2.1. The Purpose Of Comparative Education
To determine the basic principles underlyingdifferent national systems of education.
Explainto understand the different ways in
which educational practice is realized
Determine systematic and scientific purpose of
schooling, tertiary education and the
establishment of universities and study the ways a
countrys citizens are affected by it
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2.1. THE PURPOSE OFCOMPARATIVE EDUCATION
The Purpose of Education
What is the purpose of education in
Malaysia?
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2.1. THE PURPOSE OF COMPARATIVE EDUCATION
Malaysian NEP
Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further
developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and
integrated manner so as to produce individuals who are
intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically
Balanced and harmonious, based on a firm belief in anddevotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce
Malaysian citizens Who are knowledgeable and
competent, who possess high moral standards, and who
are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of
personal well-being, as well as being able to contribute tothe betterment of the family, the society and the nation at
large.
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2.1. THE PURPOSE OFCOMPARATIVE EDUCATION
Compare so that educational practicemay be explained
Why compare?
Compare not only for similarities and
differences but to explain educational
practice taking into consideration both
internal and external factors governingeducational system around countries.
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2.1. The Purpose ofComparative Education
Many internal and external factors thatgovern education systems across
countries
What are the factors?
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2.1. The Purpose of
Comparative Education
External Factorsnational educationalpolicy, economics, history, social strata,
demography
Internal Factors : student & teacherenrolment, composition, teaching quality,
structure of schools etc (WEI)
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2.1. The Purpose of Comparative
Education
The Effects of Education Policy
Purpose of CEexamine how different groups of
people are affected by education policies (e.g.the disadvantaged groups)
What has the Malaysian government done tohelp the disadvantaged groups?
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2.1. The Purpose of Comparative
Education
Macro-level impact
Understand the ways in which countries expand,
upgrade and reform education
Why is this knowledge important? To help policymakers and practitioners address issues
& challenges and seek solutions associated with
success and failure in schoolsall these provides a
knowledge base for teacher education and training
taking into account cultural, philosophical andeconomic factors governing education
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2.1. The Purpose of
Comparative Education
Influence of culture
Education is based on culture
Explain.
the influence of culture and individual life
experiences many enhance or impede the
learning process (Bruner, 1996:ix)
Elaborate with relevant examples
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2.2. A Brief Review of Literature
The objectives of comparative education
(a) understand our own
(b) understand and affect
(c) understand us and ours
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2.2. A Brief Review of Literature
(a) Understand our own (i) gain a better understanding of our own systems
(ii) satisfy intellectual and theoretical curiosity aboutother cultures
(iii) better understand the relationship betweeneducation and society
(iv) explain and analyze similarities and differences
(v) understand problems in education
(vi) contribute to improvement of educational policyand practice
(vii) promote intellectual understanding andcooperation through improved sensitivity to differingworld views and cultures
(Crossley and Watson, 2003)
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2.2. A Brief Review of Literature
(b) Understand and affect(i) Intellectual
(ii) Planning
(iii) Practicality(iv) Humanitarian
(v) International
(vi)Innovation
(vii) Economics
(viii) Education for international understanding
Elaborate (page 26-27)
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2.2. A Brief Review of Literature
(c) Understand us and ours(i) Become better informed about other countries
(ii) Become better informed about other social functions
(iii) Become better informed about historical roots
(iv) Better understand the educational forms & systems(v) Satisfy interest in how human beings live and learn
(vi) Better understand oneself
(vii) Reveal own cultural biases and personal attributesthat affect onesjudgement about learning
transactions
Roby Kidd (1915-1982)
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GOALS OF COMPARATIVE
EDUCATION
Three goals of comparative education
Planning
Improvement and Innovation
Education for International Understanding
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2.3. Planning Key Purpose of CE : Educational Planning Educational Planning is the means by which a country
formulates educational policies, determines objectivesand identifies strategies that will help meet the humanresource needs in a country.
Is linked to economic development and social reform Explain
To advance knowledge
Provide an example
Planning in multicultural / plural societies
What educational strategies has Malaysia put inplace to build a single united nation out of a pluralsociety?
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Our entire educational policy is dictatedby the need to mould a single united
nation out of a plural society. . .(Khir Johari in Bock, 1982:80)
How successful has Malaysia been?
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2.4. Improvement and Innovation
Purpose of Comparative Educationimprovement of the status of a people and theapplication of innovative and modern ideas in
schools or through curricula. Helps to sustain improvement in the quality of
student learning in a rapidly changingenvironment.
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2.4. Improvement and Innovation
According to Freeman & Cooper (1999) innovation ineducation refers to the maintenance and improvementin the quality of student learning through the following 6broad areas of innovation Learning context
The curriculum
Learning activities
Assessment
Achievement
Roles as teachers/expert content providers
Implement innovative ideas Provide examples of innovative ideas implemented in
Malaysia?
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2.5. International understanding
Amicable cross-border relations throughexchange of ideas, information, points of viewand knowledge among educationists fromdifferent countries.
UNESCO Recommendations (p. 36)
Explain
Interdependence between nations (p.37)
Explain : One RaceThe Human Race
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PAST YEAR QUESTIONS
MAY 2006
Give a definition of comparative education.
[3 Marks]
Describe TWO (2) benefits of comparativeeducation.[3marks]
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PAST YEAR QUESTIONSMAY 2009
An important aim ofcomparative education is
international understanding,which refers to amicablerelations among nations.Comment on this. (4 marks)
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Past Year Question 2011
Question 1
According to Crossley & Watson (2003),
one of the purposes of comparativeeducation is to understand problems in
education. Select ONE (1) country anddiscuss briefly TWO (2) educational
problems it faces. [8 marks]
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THANK YOU
For Your Kind Attention
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