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2016-2015

2016

03-9685802

03-9685801

msher@police.gov.il

2016

5 ......................................................................................................................................

13 ..........................................................................................................................................

27 ......................................................................................................................................

3 41 .............................................................................................................................................

53 ......................................................................................................................

65 ..............................................................................................................................

OECD 79 ..........................................................................................................................................

100 93 ......................................................

105 ............................................................

117 .....................................

127 .........................................................................................................................................

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Carr, Schnelle & Kirkhne, 1980 ; Shinar & Stiebel, 1986

2014

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Azrin. H. N. 1960. “Effects of punishment intensity during variable-interval

reinforcement”, Journal of Exp Anal Behavior 3(2), 123-142.

Carr, A. F. Schnelle J. F. & Kirkhne R. E. 1980. Police crackdowns and

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Jurdan J. & Bunkley, N. 3 March 2008. Pioneer in Quality Control Dies. New

York: New York Times, p. 103.

Rothengatter T. 1982. “The effect of police surveillance and law

enforcement on driver behavior”. Current Psychological reviews 2, 349-

358.

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speeds and traffic accidents. Paper presented at the International

Symposium on the Effects of Speed Limits on Traffic Accidents and Fuel

Consumption, Ireland.

2016-201527

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2013-2012

Vilfredo 2 Hot Spots)20% Fredrico Damaso Pareto), 80%

20%

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David Weisburd, Elizabeth Groff and Sue Ming Yang, (2012), The Criminology of Place: Street Segments and Our Understanding of the crime Problem, Oxford University press.

2016-2015 28

3

Clarke and Weisburd, 1994

3

2016-201529

Hakkert, Yelinik and Efrat, 1990

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1998)

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Hauer, 1996 78

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http trasportation. :2016org.il sites default files pirsum ilanatalemot1-3-16.pdf

1998

2014 2013

http www.rsa.gov.il siteCollectioDocuments D7%9E%D7%

Elvik R. and Vaa T., (2014), The Handbook of Road Safety Measures, New

York: Amsterdam, Elsevier Science.

Hakkert S., Yelinek A. and Efrat E., (1990), “Police Surveillance Methods

and Police Resource Allocation Models” in Proc. Of OEDC Conf. on

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Directorate, Copenhagen.

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for Vulnerability Prediction of Highway Network Segment”, in ISPRS:

International Journal of Geo-Information, 3(2), pp. 619-637.

2016-201539

The International Traffic Safety and Analysis Grope (IRTAD), (2015), Road

Safety Annual Report.

Weisburd D., Groff E. and Yang Sue-Ming, (2012), The Criminology of Place:

Street Segments and Our Understanding of the crime Problem, Oxford

University press.

Weisburd D. and Clarke R., (1994), “Diffusion of Crime Control Benefits:

Observations on the Reverse of Displacement” in Crime Prevention

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2016-201541

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2014

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2016-2015 42

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2005

Cameron M., Newstead S., Diamantopoulou K., Oxley P. 2003. The

interaction between speed camera enforcement and speed-related

mass media publicity in Victoria. Report No. 201. Monash University –

Accident research center.

Elvik. R., 2013. A re-parameterisation of the Power Model of the relationship

between the speed of traffic and the number of accidents and accident

victims. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 50(1), 854-860.

2016-2015 50

Data:

P - number of poles (p= 1,..,P)

Q - number of groups of poles (i.e. cities, hot spots) (q = A,B,C,D…,Q)

STq - poles located in group q (STq P)

J - number of different types of punishments (j = 1,…J)

I - number of traffic courts (i=1,..,I)

E - number of tickets (for all types) that the encoder unit can handle

K - types of speed enforcement levels (function of speed limit) (k=1,..,K)

– expected number of tickets per type j produced at pole p at

speed enforcement level k during planning period

– expected % tickets per type j produced at pole p at speed enforcement

level k that go to court (the owner of the vehicle can ask for a court

summons instead of a fine)

– maximum number of court summons that Traffic Court i can handle

per planning period, i = 1,.., I

– expected utility of % of enforcement time at pole p at enforcement level k

during planning period (i.e. maximum reduction in road accidents

according to Power Model)

2016-201551

Decision variables

Xpk - % of time a camera at pole p is operated at speed enforcement level

k during planning period

Maximum Utility The

Power Model

1) Encoder unit capacity

2) Court unit capacity

3) Spatial constraints

4) Equality constraints

k=1,..,K5) The maximum is100%

≤1

2016-201553

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2015 2012 ) 3100 150

2014

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2016-2015 54

BI=Business intelligence

Elbashir et al., 2008Big Data

. Nenortaitė and Butleris, 2009

Negash, 2004

Cody et al., 2002

OLAP=Online) Data mining

Business performance analytical processing

Predictive analytics Benchmarking management

2012 ) 3

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2016-2015 62

Cody WF., Kreulem JT., Krishna V., Spangler WS. 2002. The integration of

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2016-201565

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2016-2015 66

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.

2016-201567

CARRS, 2012

Dragutovnik & Twisk, 2005)

. Dragutovnik & Twisk, 2005 ;CARRS ,2012

NHTSA=National)9% Highway Traffic Safety Administration

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43% 7% 16% 24%

2016-2015 68

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2015 17-1576% 92%

18-16 70% 201532% 42%

2014 30National Occupant Protection Use Survey) NOPUS

16-142014 4.8% 2007 1.0%

2014 5.8% 2007 8.8%1,700 AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety

8.6% 12%3.4%

Carney & McGehee, 2016)75-50

NHTSA, 2011

2016-2015 70

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Vehicle Information System

2016-201571

Dragutovnik & Twisk, 2005

NHTSA, 2011)

2015-2007

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2015-2012

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2016-201577

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Carney, C., McGehee, D., Harland, K., Weiss, M., Raby, M. 2016. Using

Naturalistic Driving Data to Examine Teen Driver Behaviors Present in

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phone use & distraction while driving .Research & Road Safety(2012).

Queensland “State of the Road Centre of Accident

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safety research.

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driving but only five percent blame on texting. Mail on line news

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NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration). 2011. Mobile

phone use: A growing problem of driver distraction.

Pew Research Center. 2015. U.S. Smartphone Use in 2015.

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Factors Influencing Intensions to Use a Mobile Phone While Driving.

Accidents Analysis and Prevention. 40(6), 1893-1900.

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ETSC (2016). Lithuania to trial interlock on school busses.

ETSC (2016). Austria ti introduce alcohol interlock progamme next year.

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IRTAD (2016). Road Safety Annual Report.

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Authority, Ireland.

WHO (2015). World Health Organization web site.

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t p.<0.01]M=0.37, SD=0.85

M=0.22, SD=0.58)

2016-2015 100

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t p>0.05]

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2012

The wisdom of the crowd, 2know .2008

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2016-2015105

2 1 1 1

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33

3

3

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40 20146,970 12,700

5,900 6,050 6,140 2014 2,090

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2,266 106,625 104,359 3

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WHO, 2015

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6-12

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http://www.sagmart.com US Approves Google’s AI Oriented Self-Driving Car

NHTSA - statement of - policy on automated vehicles

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