2016 cause conference farron levy practical techniques for measuring social impact
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Practical Techniques for Impact Measurement
May 19, 2016
Susan Pollara 617.305.7501 spollara@trueimpact.com
Farron Levy flevy@trueimpact.com 617.903.0210
© True Impact LLC - 2
Agenda
9:20 – 10:00
Introduction & Overview
Principles of Impact Measurement: - What to measure - How to measure - When to measure - How much to claim
Q & A
10:15 – 10:30 Break
10:30 – 11:00 Workshopping: Applying Principles
11:00 – 12:00 Reporting Out / Discussion
© True Impact LLC - 3
About Us – Measurement Experience
Education, Income, Health Civic Engagement
(100+ companies)
Health impacts of clinical research Safe water access
$100MM early childhood education
Envt’l Innovation Grants, Diversity, Green Teams
EarthSmart Outreach (global CO2 reduction) Global Health Fellows
College access, arts & culture, etc. Global volunteerism
US portfolio & $100MM pro bono program
Full $60MM corporate philanthropic portfolio
Domestic violence, teen safe driving, etc.
Nutrition, Military, Pub Broadcasting; Partners
$13MM Literacy Portfolio Civics, arts, environment, STEM education
Youth financial education Youth internet safety
© True Impact LLC - 4
Measurement is a Means to an End
Prove Value
→ Validate success
→ Build/retain support among internal/external stakeholders
→ If they’re not asking now – they will be soon
Improve Value
→ Identify what’s working (replicate) and what’s not (intervene)
→ Steer investment to highest social ROI interventions
© True Impact LLC - 5
1. What to measure
2. How to measure
3. When to measure
4. How much to claim
Overview
Principles of Practical Measurement
© True Impact LLC - 6
What to Measure: Can Measure ≠ Should Measure
INPUTS OUTPUTS OUTCOMES
Resources invested (time, materials, cash)
Services delivered (and to whom)
Resulting improvement in targeted social condition
(e.g., literacy, hunger, homelessness)
© True Impact LLC - 7
What to Measure: Can Measure ≠ Should Measure
INPUTS OUTPUTS OUTCOMES
Resources invested (time, materials, cash)
Services delivered (and to whom)
Resulting improvement in targeted social condition
(e.g., literacy, hunger, homelessness)
© True Impact LLC - 8
What to Measure: Can Measure ≠ Should Measure
INPUTS OUTPUTS OUTCOMES
Resources invested (time, materials, cash)
Services delivered (and to whom)
Resulting improvement in targeted social condition
(e.g., literacy, hunger, homelessness)
Manager Focus
“Investor” Focus: Social Impact
(End Outcome)
© True Impact LLC - 9
What to Measure: Core Investor Metrics
1. Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcome) – X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
2. (Contextual) Cost Per Outcome. How efficiently are we creating that social value? – Option A: $300 = 1 child gains reading proficiency – Option B: $200 = 1 child gains reading proficiency
© True Impact LLC - 10
What to Measure: Core Investor Metrics
1. Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcome) – X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
o Types of services delivered to whom
o Resulting changes in skills, knowledge, resources, attitudes
o Resulting change in behavior
o Resulting state of being
Reach Preparation Mobilization Condition (Social Impact)
Outcomes
Interim Outcomes End Outcome
Capa
city
© True Impact LLC - 11
What to Measure: Core Investor Metrics
1. Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcome) – X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
o Types of services delivered to whom
o Resulting changes in skills, knowledge, resources, attitudes
o Resulting change in behavior
o Resulting state of being
− Receive career training, mentoring
− Gain industry-specific skills; interview tactics
− Actively job hunting; secure offer
− Gain living-wage employment
− Participate in healthy eating workshop
− Gain food preparation skills; health insights
− Eating healthy − Improve health (e.g., reduce BMI)
Reach Preparation Mobilization Condition (Social Impact)
Outcomes
Interim Outcomes End Outcome
Capa
city
© True Impact LLC - 12
What to Measure: Core Investor Metrics
1. Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcome) – X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
2. (Contextual) Cost Per Outcome. How efficiently are we creating that social value? – Option A: $1,500 = 1 adult gains employment – Option B: $1,200 = 1 adult gains employment
© True Impact LLC - 13
What to Measure: Core Investor Metrics
Equivalent? Account for differences in cost, difficulty, priorities, etc.
1. Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcome) – X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
2. (Contextual) Cost Per Outcome. How efficiently are we creating that social value? – Option A: $1,500 = 1 adult gains employment – Option B: $1,200 = 1 adult gains employment
© True Impact LLC - 14
How to Measure: Ideal ≠ Practical
© True Impact LLC - 15
How to Measure: Best Available Data
Reach Preparation Mobilization Condition
100 people trained
?? people learned skills
?? people changed behavior
?? people achieved success
Data Sources & Assumptions
Tracking
− Randomized controlled trial (scientific confirmation)
− Compare program participants with similar population not receiving services
− Systematic outcome tracking
Estimation
− Sampling, piloting
− Previous results
− External studies
Speculation
− Logical assumptions
© True Impact LLC - 16
How to Measure: Best Available Data
Reach Preparation Mobilization Condition
100 people trained
90 people learned skills
?? people changed behavior
?? people achieved success
Data Sources & Assumptions
Tracking
− Randomized controlled trial (scientific confirmation)
− Compare program participants with similar population not receiving services
− Systematic outcome tracking
Estimation
− Sampling, piloting
− Previous results
− External studies
Speculation
− Logical assumptions
90%
© True Impact LLC - 17
How to Measure: Best Available Data
Reach Preparation Mobilization Condition
100 people trained
90 people learned skills
68 people changed behavior
51 people achieved success
Data Sources & Assumptions
Tracking
− Randomized controlled trial (scientific confirmation)
− Compare program participants with similar population not receiving services
− Systematic outcome tracking
Estimation
− Sampling, piloting
− Previous results
− External studies
Speculation
− Logical assumptions
90% 75% 75%
© True Impact LLC - 18
When to Measure: Later
Your Focus Measurement
© True Impact LLC - 19
When to Measure: Now
Integrate into initial planning Avoid foreseeable failures
Embed in existing systems Highest quality data / least effort
Integrate into grant applications Increase alignment, promote accountability
The first – and most crucial – measurement step: forecasting impact (i.e., who, what, how much, when)
© True Impact LLC - 20
How much to claim: Contribution vs. Attribution
© True Impact LLC - 21
Project Impact
100 adults gain employment
Portion Funded X 75%
Funder’s Claim
Funded 75 adults to gain employment
How much to claim: A 3-Tier Claim Structure
Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcomes)
– X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
Share. An allocation of a program’s impact equal to the portion funded.
© True Impact LLC - 22
Project Impact
100 adults gain employment
Portion Funded X 75%
Funder’s Claim
Funded 75 adults to gain employment
Yes No
Instrumental to ensuring program implementation (a “foundational” investor)?
Enabled 100 adults to gain employment
How much to claim: A 3-Tier Claim Structure
Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcomes)
– X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
Share. An allocation of a program’s impact equal to the portion funded.
Program. The total impact resulting from the program the funder enabled.
© True Impact LLC - 23
Project Impact
100 adults gain employment
Portion Funded X 75%
Funder’s Claim
Funded 75 adults to gain employment
Yes No
Instrumental to ensuring program implementation (a “foundational” investor)?
Enabled 100 adults to gain employment
Yes No
Program inspired or enabled other similar programs?
Catalyzed 1,000 adults to gain employment
Catalyzed. Impacts from program enabled by a funder-enabled program.
How much to claim: A 3-Tier Claim Structure
Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcomes)
– X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
Share. An allocation of a program’s impact equal to the portion funded.
Program. The total impact resulting from the program the funder enabled.
© True Impact LLC - 24
Program Location Cost Gain Employment (# beneficiaries)
$ per Outcome
Intervention A Locale 1 $75,000 179 $419
Intervention A Locale 2 $75,000 344 $218
Intervention A Locale 3 $100,000 111 $901
Intervention B Locale 4 $20,000 11 $1,818
Intervention C Locale 5 $5,000 57 $88
Intervention C Locale 6 $5,000 55 $91
Grand Total $280,000 757 $370
Social Objective: Helping inner-city adults gain living-wage employment
Proving & Improving Value
© True Impact LLC - 25
Program Location Cost Gain Employment (# beneficiaries)
$ per Outcome
Intervention A Locale 1 $75,000 179 $419
Intervention A Locale 2 $75,000 344 $218
Intervention A Locale 3 $100,000 111 $901
Intervention B Locale 4 $20,000 11 $1,818
Intervention C Locale 5 $5,000 57 $88
Intervention C Locale 6 $5,000 55 $91
Grand Total $280,000 757 $370
Social Objective: Helping inner-city adults gain living-wage employment
Proving Value
We helped 757 people gain employment
Proving & Improving Value
© True Impact LLC - 26
Program Location Cost Gain Employment (# beneficiaries)
$ per Outcome
Intervention A Locale 1 $75,000 179 $419
Intervention A Locale 2 $75,000 344 $218
Intervention A Locale 3 $100,000 111 $901
Intervention B Locale 4 $20,000 11 $1,818
Intervention C Locale 5 $5,000 57 $88
Intervention C Locale 6 $5,000 55 $91
Grand Total $280,000 757 $370
Social Objective: Helping inner-city adults gain living-wage employment
Improving Value
Intervention A /Locale 2 is 2-4x as cost effective as the others. →What best practices can we learn?
Proving Value
We helped 757 people gain employment
Proving & Improving Value
© True Impact LLC - 27
Program Location Cost Gain Employment (# beneficiaries)
$ per Outcome
Intervention A Locale 1 $75,000 179 $419
Intervention A Locale 2 $75,000 344 $218
Intervention A Locale 3 $100,000 111 $901
Intervention B Locale 4 $20,000 11 $1,818
Intervention C Locale 5 $5,000 57 $88
Intervention C Locale 6 $5,000 55 $91
Grand Total $280,000 757 $370
Social Objective: Helping inner-city adults gain living-wage employment
Improving Value
Intervention A /Locale 2 is 2-4x as cost effective as the others. →What best practices can we learn?
Intervention C is the most cost-effective strategy at $88-$91/person. →Worth additional investment?
Proving Value
We helped 757 people gain employment
Proving & Improving Value
© True Impact LLC - 28
Measurement Principles
1. What to measure Investor metrics (outcome / cost per outcome)
2. How to measure Use best available data
3. When to measure Now
4. How much to claim 3-Tier Structure (funded, enabled, catalyzed)
© True Impact LLC - 29
Measurement Principles
Q & A
© True Impact LLC - 30
Workshopping: What to Measure – Core Investor Metrics
1. Social Impact. How much are we solving the social problem we care about? (End Outcome) – X inner-city adults gain living-wage employment – X low-income children attain healthy weight
o Types of services delivered to whom
o Resulting changes in skills, knowledge, resources, attitudes
o Resulting change in behavior
o Resulting state of being
− Receive career training, mentoring
− Gain industry-specific skills; interview tactics
− Actively job hunting; secure offer
− Gain living-wage employment
− Participate in healthy eating workshop
− Gain food preparation skills; health insights
− Eating healthy − Improve health (e.g., reduce BMI)
Reach Preparation Mobilization Condition (Social Impact)
Outcomes
Interim Outcomes End Outcome
© True Impact LLC - 31
Program:
Types of services delivered to whom
Resulting change in skills, knowledge, resources,
and/or attitudes
Resulting change in behavior
Resulting state of being
Success Criteria (what to measure)
How to Measure
Reach Preparation Mobilization Condition (Social Impact)
Outcomes
Interim Outcomes End Outcome
Capa
city
© True Impact LLC - 32
Program:
Reach Preparation Mobilization Condition (Social Impact)
Outcomes
Interim Outcomes End Outcome
Types of services delivered to whom
Resulting change in skills, knowledge, resources,
and/or attitudes
Resulting change in behavior
Resulting state of being
Success Criteria
How to Measure
Envi
ronm
ent • Volunteer
engagement • Education • Service projects
• Inspired and prepared to become environmental steward
• Take environmental action • Increase patronage of
parks, natural resources • Evangelize others
• Environmental improvement
• Increased enjoyment of parks, natural resources
Civi
cs
• Education • Service projects
• Inspired and prepared to become civically engaged
• Take civic action • Evangelize others • Social improvement
Arts
&
Cultu
re
• Arts Education • Arts Access
• Learn concepts (art-related or otherwise)
• Value the arts
• Arts engagement (as a consumer, patron, and/or practitioner)
• Enjoyment/fulfillment • Increased arts support • Improved education
Educ
atio
n
(STE
M, e
tc.) • Competitions
• Education • Service projects • Training
• Gain skills/confidence • Awareness/appreciation for
career paths
• Pursue career paths • Apply for jobs • Interview better • Stay in school
• Academic achievement • Employment (STEM,
other)
Capa
city
o Funder’s claim (social impact)
o Profile Content
Individual Program Profiles
Universal Reporting Tool for Social Investments
Investment
Impact Receipt®
Grants + Volunteerism + In-kind Donation Donor
Donor
Donor
Donor
Prove Value Improve ROI Save Time
• Quantitative outcomes • Rollups • Allocates “claim” • Translates cash, in-kind
• Benchmarking • Best practices
identification
• Single report to update • Automatic reporting • Integrates with
existing systems
Grantee
Grantee
Grantee
Grantee
Thank you!
Farron Levy flevy@trueimpact.com 617.903.0210
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