2016 status of forces survey of active duty members...
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2016 Status of Forces Survey of
Active Duty Members (SOFS-A) Selected Results on Active Duty Members and Families:
Technology, Relationships, Child Care, Counseling,
Impact of Deployments, and Military OneSource
Kimberly Williams
Family Support Research Network
1 February 2018
2
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Top-Line Results
Relationships
• Over 80% of active duty members
who were married or separated or
had a significant other reported that
they have a good, strong, and stable
relationship with their partner
Child Care
• Members most satisfied with quality
of on-base child care (81%)
• Members most dissatisfied with
affordability of off-base child care
(44%)
Counseling
• 17% of members talked to a counselor in past 6 months
• Top issues discussed: coping with stress (68%), family issues (51%), problem
solving (44%)
• Top perceived concerns about seeking counseling: harm to member’s career (15%),
member seen as weak (14%), difficulty getting time off work or child care (13%)
Top Concerns While Deployed
• Spouse’s job or education demands
(21%), difficulty maintaining emotional
connection with spouse/family (20%),
difficulty sleeping (20%)
Children’s Changes in Response
to Member’s Deployment
• Increase in fear/anxiety (33%), problem
behavior at home (33%), anger about
member’s military requirements (22%)
2
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Briefing Overview
Slide
Survey Details ......................................................................................... 4
Technology .............................................................................................. 6
Relationships .......................................................................................... 8
Child Care .............................................................................................. 11
Counseling ............................................................................................ 13
Impact of Deployments ........................................................................ 16
Military OneSource ............................................................................... 23
3
Survey Field Period Method Sample
Size
Weighted
Response
Rate
February 2016 Status of Forces Survey of
Active Duty Members (SOFS-A) Jan – Apr 2016 Web 66,000 23%
September 2016 SOFS-A Sep – Nov 2016 Web 95,000 20%
4
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Survey Details
• OPA uses well-established, scientific procedures to randomly select a sample
representing the military population based on combinations of demographic
characteristics
– Demographic groups with lower response rates are oversampled (i.e., junior enlisted)
• Data are weighted using an industry standard process to produce survey
estimates representative of their respective populations; results can be
generalized to full military population
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Briefing Overview
Slide
Survey Details ......................................................................................... 4
Technology .............................................................................................. 6
Relationships .......................................................................................... 8
Child Care .............................................................................................. 11
Counseling ............................................................................................ 13
Impact of Deployments ........................................................................ 16
Military OneSource ............................................................................... 23
5
SOFS-A Sep 16 Q235 Margins of error range from ±1% to ±3%
19
29
89
90
92
96
96
97
0 20 40 60 80 100
Landline telephone at home
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service
Video call/chat apps (e.g., Skype, FaceTime, Google Hangouts)
Social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram, Tumblr)
Computer at home
Internet access at home
Mobile device (e.g., smartphone, smart watch, tablet, eReader)
Yes
-
-
-
- -
-
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Member's and/or Family's Use of or Access to Technology Percent of All Active Duty Members
Mobile devices members used when deployed
• Smartphone: 66% 70%
• Tablet: 40% 41%
• eReader, handheld game console, smart watch,
personal digital assistant device: 4% 7%
About 75% of non-deployed members indicated they use a mobile device almost daily to
access information or services (74%) and communicate with family and friends (70%);
about 50% of members do so almost daily when deployed
Most significant differences among the Services
• Smartphone: Army (58% 60%) vs. Air Force (78% 82%)
• Tablet: Marine Corps (23% 25%) vs. Air Force (54%)
6
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Briefing Overview
Slide
Survey Details ......................................................................................... 4
Technology .............................................................................................. 6
Relationships .......................................................................................... 8
Child Care .............................................................................................. 11
Counseling ............................................................................................ 13
Impact of Deployments ........................................................................ 16
Military OneSource ............................................................................... 23
7
-
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Relationship With Spouse/Significant Other Percent of Active Duty Members Who Were Married or Separated or Had a Significant Other
SOFS-A Feb 16 Q121 Margins of error range from ±1% to ±2%
83
84
85
86
88
11
9
9
9
8
6
6
6
5
4
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
I really feel like part of a team with my partner.
My relationship with my partner is very stable.
My relationship with my partner is strong.
My relationship with my partner makes me happy.
We have a good relationship.
Agree Neither agree nor disagree Disagree
No significant differences in 2016 among the Services for all five statements and overall Quality of Relationship
However, E5 E9 members were significantly more likely to disagree with all five statements vs. other paygrades
Significantly more members agreed with all five statements in 2016 vs. 2012; agreement in 2016 is similar to 2013
Quality of Relationship
scale
No significant differences in 2016 vs. 2012/2013 for o
4.4
verall Quality of Relationship
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Average SOFS-A Feb 16 Q121 Margins of error do not exceed ±0.1
8
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Problems in Personal Relationships Compared to 12 Months Ago Percent of Active Duty Members Who Had a Spouse/Significant Other
Frequency of relationship
problems with spouse/significant
other
42 41 18
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Less often About the same More often SOFS-A Feb 16 Q119, Q120 Margins of error range from ±2% to ±3%
Problems less often
• Army: 46%
• E1-E4: 49%
• Army Enlisted: 50%
Problems more often
• Enlisted: 19%
Percentages of members experiencing relationship problems less often
(42%) is significantly higher (better) in 2016 than from 2005-2013
9
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Briefing Overview
Slide
Survey Details ......................................................................................... 4
Technology .............................................................................................. 6
Relationships .......................................................................................... 8
Child Care .............................................................................................. 11
Counseling ............................................................................................ 13
Impact of Deployments ........................................................................ 16
Military OneSource ............................................................................... 23
10
Satisfaction With Aspects of Child Care
-Off base child care
65% use off-base child care Average monthly child care expenses (both on - and off -base): $706.
No significant differences among the Services in 2016
Quality of child care
Availability of child care
Affordability of child care
36
65
69
20
19
20
44
16
11
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Dissatisfied
SOFS-A Sep 16 Q223 Margins of error range from ±4% to ±6%
-
48
66
81
17
10
11
35
23
8
39% use on-base child care
On base child care
Quality of child care
Availability of child care
Affordability of child care
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
SOFS-A Sep 16 Q222 Satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Dissatisfied Margins of error range from ±4% to ±7%
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Percent of Active Duty Members With Children 13 Years Old or Younger and Who Routinely Use Child Care
Arrangements To Allow Member and/or Spouse T o Work
11
Satisfaction with aspects of on-base and off-base child care in 2016 is consistent with 2006 -2014
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Briefing Overview
Slide
Survey Details ......................................................................................... 4
Technology .............................................................................................. 6
Relationships .......................................................................................... 8
Child Care .............................................................................................. 11
Counseling ............................................................................................ 13
Impact of Deployments ........................................................................ 16
Military OneSource ............................................................................... 23
12
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Issues Discussed in Counseling Percent of Active Duty Members Who Received Counseling in Past Six Months
17% of active duty members reported that they talked to a counselor in the past 6 months
17% of active members alked to in 0 20 40 60 80 100Yes
duty reported that they t a counselor the past 6 months
Coping with stress
Family issues
Problem solving
Other concerns
Marital issues
Couple's communication issues
Grief and loss
Crisis situations
Financial management
Dealing with family separations
Parent/child issues
Deployment and reunion
33
40
41
44
51
68
14
20
20
22
22
27
Among the Services in 2016, significantly higher percentages of
Army members talked to a counselor in the past 6 months (21%),
while significantly lower percentages of Air Force members talked to
a counselor (12%).
0 20 40 60 80 100
SOFS-A Sep 16 Q180 Yes Margins of error range from ±4% to ±6%
Only significant difference in 2016 among the Services for the specified issues is higher percentages of
Navy members who received financial management counseling (35%)
[primarily due to Navy enlisted members at 38%]
Most significant differences among men and women in 2016 include counseling received for
family issues (64% women; 47% men), grief and loss (38% women; 23% men),
and crisis situations (33% women; 18% men)
13
Extent That Concerns May Impact Decision About Counseling Percent of All Active Duty Members
It would harm my career.
It would be seen as weak.
There would be difficulty getting time off work or child care for counseling.
It would be too embarrassing.
I don't believe counseling would help.
It is difficult to get help.
Getting counseling costs too much money.
I don't believe in going outside of the family for counseling.
I don't know where to get help.
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
SOFS-A Sep 16 Q182 Large extent Moderate/Small extent Not at all
Margins of error range from ±1% to ±3%
2
4
5
5
8
10
13
14
15
20
16
18
25
28
29
23
28
28
78
80
78
71
64
61
64
59
57
In 2016, significantly higher percentages of junior officers were concerned to a large extent that seeking counseling
would harm their career (19%), while significantly higher percentages of junior enlisted members reported that
getting counseling costs too much money (7%)
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
No significant differences in 2016 among the Services for members who reported these were concerns to a large
extent except Marine Corps members who indicated their concern was that they would be seen as weak (20%)
14
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Briefing Overview
Slide
Survey Details ......................................................................................... 4
Technology .............................................................................................. 6
Relationships .......................................................................................... 8
Child Care .............................................................................................. 11
Counseling ............................................................................................ 13
Impact of Deployments ........................................................................ 16
Military OneSource ............................................................................... 23
15
17% of active duty members reported that they talked to a counselor in the past 6 months
’
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Not a concern Moderate/Small extent Large extent
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Concerns While Away During Most Recent Deployment Percent of Applicable Active Duty Members Deployed in Past 5 Years
SOFS-A Feb 16 Q170 Margins of error range from ±2% to ±3%
55
53
53
55
46
45
44
48
51
44
47
32
35
35
31
39
39
39
33
29
37
32
12
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
20
20
21
Serious emotional problems in the family
Your feelings of anxiety or depression
Your feelings of loneliness
Marital problems
Technical difficulties communicating with spouse/family
Household repairs, yard work, or car maintenance
Managing bills and expenses
Safety of your family in their community
Your difficulty sleeping
Difficulty maintaining emotional connection with spouse/family
Spouse's job or education demands
81
87
85
81
83
70
56
67
65
62
16
9
12
15
9
21
32
20
24
26
3
4
4
4
8
9
11
12
12
12
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Major financial hardship or bankruptcy
Other
Legal problems
Loss of income from part-time job
Birth or adoption of a child
Unintended weight gain or loss
Serious health problems in the family
Increased need for child care
Your ability to continue your college education
Managing child care/child schedules
Not a concern Moderate/Small extent Large extent
Among the Services in 2016, significantly higher percentages of Navy members were concerned to a large extent
about managing bills and expenses (21%), technical difficulties communicating with spouse/family (20%), and
unintended weight gain or loss (14%), including Navy enlisted members feelings of anxiety or depression (18%)
16
- -
- -
- -
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Degree of Difficulty in Readjusting to Return Home Percent of Members Deployed in Past 24 Months But Not Currently Deployed
Which of the following
describes your readjustment to
being back home after your recent
deployment?
48 37 15
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Easy Neither easy nor difficult Difficult SOFS-A Feb 16 Q175 Margins of error do not exceed ±4%
No significant differences in 2016 among the Services for members who reported that they had a
difficult readjustment to being back home after their most recent deployment
Significantly higher percentage of Air Force members indicated in 2016 that they had an easy
readjustment after their most recent deployment (57%) compared to the other Services
Overall, significantly lower percentages of active duty members reported in 2016 that they had a difficult
readjustment (15%) compared to 2006 2013 (18% 21%) except in 2010 (16%) when the degree of difficulty
was comparable
Over the last 10 years, Army members have experienced a significant decrease in the degree of difficulty
with their adjustment (19% 29% with a difficult readjustment from 2006 2013 vs. 12% in 2016)
Navy members experienced the largest increase in the degree of difficulty with their adjustment
in 2016 (20%) vs. 2006 2008 (14% 18%)
17
Negative Emotional/Behavioral Changes After Deployment Percent of Members Deployed in Past 24 Months But Not Currently Deployed
12
15
16
20
23
31
31
32
41
38
57
54
52
39
39
Take more risks with your safety
Drink more alcohol
Be different in another way
Get angry faster
Be more emotionally distant
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
SOFS-A Feb 16 Q171 Not at all Margins of error do not exceed ±4% Large extent Moderate/Small extent
Office of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision MakersOffice of People Analytics Data Driven Solutions for Decision Makers
Among the Services in 2016, significantly higher percentages of Navy members reported they consumed more alcohol
to a large extent (23%)
Positive Emotional/Behavioral Changes After Deployment Percent of Members Deployed in Past 24 Months But Not Currently Deployed
Appreciate your family and friends
more
Appreciate life more
Have more confidence in yourself
46 39 16
39 41 20
29 49 23
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% SOFS-A Feb 16 Q171 Margins of error do not exceed ±4% Large extent Moderate/Small extent Not at all
Among the Services in 2016, significantly higher percentages of Navy members reported they appreciated family and friends more (54%) to a
large extent, while higher percentages of Army members had more confidence in themselves (37%) to a large extent
18
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Children's Emotional/Behavioral Changes in Response to Deployment (1 of 2) Percent of Members Deployed in Past 24 Months But Not Currently Deployed and Who Had at Least One
Child During Most Recent Deployment
Closeness to family members
Pride in having a military parent
Independence
Closeness to friends
Being responsible
Academic performance 3
20
20
24
25
27
80
72
74
67
73
68
17
8
6
8
3
5
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Increased No change Decreased SOFS-A Feb 16 Q177 Margins of error range from ±3% to ±8%
No significant differences in 2016 among the Services for members who reported their
children’s emotional/behavioral changes increased or decreased in response to the member’s
most recent deployment
In general over time, no significant differences among the Services for members who reported in
2016 that their children’s emotional/behavioral changes increased or decreased in response to their
most recent deployment except…
Percentage of children whose closeness to family members decreased
(5% of members reported the closeness decreased in 2016, while 10% reported this in Dec 2007)
19
-
-
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Children's Emotional/Behavioral Changes in Response to Deployment (2 of 2) Percent of Members Deployed in Past 24 Months But Not Currently Deployed and Who Had at Least One
Child During Most Recent Deployment
Fear/anxiety
Problem behavior at home
Anger about my military requirements
Problem behavior at school
Distress over discussions of the war in the home, school, or media
Other behavior(s) 5
10
22
22
33
33
93
88
73
76
62
66
2
1
4
2
5
1
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Increased No change Decreased SOFS-A Feb 16 Q177 Margins of error range from ±2% to ±8%
No significant differences in 2016 among the Services for members who reported their
children’s emotional/behavioral changes increased or decreased in response to the member’s
most recent deployment
In general over time, no significant differences among the Services for members who reported in
2016 that their children’s emotional/behavioral changes increased or decreased in response to their
most recent deployment except…
Percentage of children who experienced an increase in distress over discussions of the war in the
home, school, or media (10% of members reported this distress increased in 2016, while 18% 23%
reported this from 2006 2011)
20
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Importance of Factors for Children in Coping With Deployments Percent of Members Deployed in Past 24 Months With Children Age 22 or Under and Who Had at Least One
Child During Most Recent Deployment
SOFS-A Feb 16 Q178 Margins of error range from ±4% to ±8%
23
85
85
87
90
8
4
8
6
4
70
10
6
7
7
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Other
Geographic stability during deployment
Communications with the deployed parent
Spouse/guardian support for the deployment
Spouse/guardian ability to maintain a stable household routine
Important Moderately/Somewhat important Not important
No significant differences in 2016 among the Services for the importance of factors for
children coping with deployments
No significant differences in importance of factors for children coping with
deployments in 2016 vs. 2006-2013
21
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Briefing Overview
Slide
Survey Details ......................................................................................... 4
Technology .............................................................................................. 6
Relationships .......................................................................................... 8
Child Care .............................................................................................. 11
Counseling ............................................................................................ 13
Impact of Deployments ........................................................................ 16
Military OneSource ............................................................................... 23
22
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Use of Military OneSource in Past 12 Months Percent of All Active Duty Members
SOFS-A Sep 16 Q61 Margins of error range from ±1% to ±2%
2
5
6
8
30
0 20 40 60 80 100
Contacted Military OneSource to arrange for video counseling session(s)
E-mailed Military OneSource
Contacted Military OneSource to arrange for face-to-face or telephonic counseling session(s)
Talked to a Military OneSource consultant on the phone
Accessed www.MilitaryOneSource.mil
Yes
31% of members reported in 2016 that they accessed
Military OneSource using any of the listed methods
Use of Military OneSource in 2016 (31%) has
increased significantly since 2006 (20%)
Usefulness of Military OneSource Percent of Active Duty Members Who Used Specified Military OneSource Feature in Past 12 Months
Military OneSource video counseling session(s)
Military OneSource consultant on the phone
E-mail communication with a Military OneSource consultant
Military OneSource face-to-face or telephonic counseling session(s)
MilitaryOneSource.mil 74
76
79
84
88
21
12
16
11
9
4
12
5
5
3
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Useful Somewhat useful Not useful
SOFS-A Sep 16 Q62 Margins of error range from ±2% to ±8%
No significant differences in 2016 among the Services for members who reported that each of the Military OneSource
methods was useful or was not useful
23
24
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Summary
Relationships
• Over 80% of active duty members
who were married or separated or
had a significant other reported that
they have a good, strong, and stable
relationship with their partner
Child Care
• Members most satisfied with quality
of on-base child care (81%)
• Members most dissatisfied with
affordability of off-base child care
(44%)
Counseling
• 17% of members talked to a counselor in past 6 months
• Top issues discussed: coping with stress (68%), family issues (51%), problem
solving (44%)
• Top perceived concerns about seeking counseling: harm to member’s career (15%),
member seen as weak (14%), difficulty getting time off work or child care (13%)
Top Concerns While Deployed
• Spouse’s job or education demands
(21%), difficulty maintaining emotional
connection with spouse/family (20%),
difficulty sleeping (20%)
Children’s Changes in Response
to Member’s Deployment
• Increase in fear/anxiety (33%), problem
behavior at home (33%), anger about
member’s military requirements (22%)
24
Contact information For questions about the survey results, please contact:
Kimberly Williams
Survey Analyst, Center for Retention & Readiness (R&R), OPA
kimberly.g.williams6.civ@mail.mil
Carol Newell
Deputy Director, Center for R&R, OPA
carol.e.newell2.civ@mail.mil
Dr. Paul Rosenfeld
Director, Center for R&R, OPA
paul.rosenfeld.civ@mail.mil
25
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