7 th may 2015 presentation to iwfa frank burke, technical director, schwungrad energie ltd

7th May 2015

Presentation toIWFA

Frank Burke, Technical Director, Schwungrad Energie Ltd.

• Demonstration Project & Technology

• Context & Purpose

• Conclusions

Agenda:

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• Rhode site

• Hybrid of flywheels and batteries

• 2 flywheels * 160kW

• Batteries up to 240kW, 80kWh (full output for 20min)

• MIC 400kVA

• MEC 422kVA

Demo Project Description

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Benefits of Hybrid

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Battery

Kinetic Energy Storage

Chemical Energy Storage

• High Power• Restricted energy

storage• Fast response• Hundreds of

thousands of charge/ discharge cycles

• High energy storage

• Fast response• Thousands of

charge/ discharge cycles

+

Flywheel

Flywheel Construction

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Flywheel Installation

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o Motor/generator spins a heavy flywheel which stores kinetic energy

o Energy taken from grid to speed up the flywheel

o If grid suddenly needs more generation the flywheel control system will draw energy from the flywheel. The flywheel will slow down converting its kinetic energy into electrical energy

o The flywheel is connected to the grid via a Power Control Module AC->DC->AC

How Flywheel Energy Storage Works

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o Many different types with different characteristics

o University of Limerick currently investigating most suitable types for System Services application

Batteries

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Battery Racks

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• Planning permission received for Rhode site

• Connection offer received

• Agreement reached with leading flywheel supplier to collaborate and invest in trial

• Finalising selection of battery supplier

• Collaboration with University of Limerick

• Working closely with EirGrid

• First delivery of equipment has already arrived

Progress to Date

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• Flywheels to be installed Q3 2015

• Trial flywheels Q3 2015

• Install and trial batteries Q4 2015

• Trial hybrid of flywheels and batteries Q1 2016

Timeline

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What System Services are We Providing - Frequency?

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What System Services are We Providing - Voltage?

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• Increased penetration of wind generation has

implications for grid operation• Ireland has high targets for wind generation and is a

weakly interconnected island system• Grid operator in Ireland starting to experience problems

which will be seen worldwide as other countries

increase renewable energy penetration• Schwungrad set up specifically to develop plant to

provide system services to facilitate the integration of

high levels of intermittent generation• Global market in the context of climate change• Ongoing discussions with overseas system operators

incl. China

Why are We Doing This?

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• Wind and solar generation are variable and

unpredictable• They don’t provide system services i.e. don’t respond

instantaneously to provide additional output to

compensate for supply/demand deficit e.g. if large

generator trips• Increasing levels of renewable generation reduces the

percentage of conventional plant on the grid which can

provide system services• Consequently grid has less inertia and is less stable• If large generator trips, frequency will fall more rapidly

because there is less plant able to respond• Other generators may not be able to ride through this

higher Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) e.g. due

to excessive torque on rotor shafts

=> cascading loss of generation and system collapse

Consequences of High Volumes of Wind and Solar 1/2

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Actual Frequency Disturbances

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• The Penetration of Non-Synchronous generation on

the System (SNSP) has to be limited currently to 50%• Otherwise there is not sufficient inertia and, if a large

generator trips, the frequency falls too fast i.e. RoCoF

is higher than other generators can ride through.• This SNSP limit results in curtailment of wind

Renewable energy targets not met May cause financial difficulties for some renewable

generation projects

Consequences of High Volumes of Wind and Solar 2/2

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Curtailment of Wind to Limit SNSP to 50%

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Actual SNSP Dec. 2013

Curtailment of Wind

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Curtailment at 50% SNSP

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Curtailment at 75% SNSP

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• Grid operators have difficulties in accommodating high

penetration of wind and solar generation – being seen

in Ireland before other countries• Renewable generation targets will be difficult to meet

without additional system services• Flywheels/battery hybrid is the ideal solution and does

not displace renewable generation• Schwungrad Demonstration project in Ireland on its

way to validate performance in providing system

services in Ireland and further afield

Conclusions

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Thank you

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