adaptation to climate change of cereal production systems ... final workshop egypt, … · 15 - 17...

15 - 17 Decembre 2015

Cairo, Egypt

netij.benmechlia@iresa.agrinet.tn

Adaptation to Climate Change of Cereal Production Systems in North-Eastern Tunisia

N. Ben Mechlia, M. Masmoudi, M. Todorovic* & E. Nerilli

TARGET AREA AND CROPS

Northern Tunisia,

Tunisia

(wheat, barley,

chickpea,

faba bean )

General Characteristics

Location North Eastern Tunisia

Main crops in the area

Cereals (102000 ha)

Legumes (13000 ha)

Other crops (184000 ha)

Annual rainfall 400-600 mm/year

Annual evapotranspiration

1100-1300 mm/year

Environmental Characteristics

• Increasing Temperature • Decreasing rainfall • increasing soil degradation • Poor management practices

Directly Involved Actors

• Farmers • Engineers and technicians • Stakeholders

Traditional cereal cultivation

and animal husbandry in the highlands

Large-scale mostly mechanized

cereal cultivation with fallow-land use in the dry farming system

North-Eastern Tunisia has two major agricultural systems:

Indicator Value

Cereal Yield (q/ha) 23

Water productivity for cereals (Kg/m3) 0.6

Legumes Yield (q/ha) 8

Water productivity for legumes (Kg/m3) 0.2

Irrigated/rainfed cereals 10%

Legume area/cereal area 13%

Actual Agro-efficiency Performance

Indicator Value

Cereal Yield (q/ha) 32

Water productivity for cereals (Kg/m3) 0.8

Legumes Yield (q/ha) 14

Water productivity for legumes (Kg/m3) 0.3

Irrigated/rainfed cereals 10%

Legume area/cereal area 25%

Target agro-efficiency Performance

The expected direct outputs

• 1 demonstration field with agro-meteorological stations

• 2 years of testing (at least 8 combinations of genotypes and water management practices);

• 4 training courses and 100 trained;

• 10 field days with the participation of 200 local stakeholders;

• 2 years on-ground implementation of the best performing varieties and management practices in a surface area of at least 40 ha with the involvement of at least 20 farmers;

• 2 guidelines, 4 brochures, 1 seminars, 30 minutes of video material..

improvements in crop production

Supplemental irrigation

Varieties

Cultural Practices

Factors to bring improvements in production:

25 implementation farms

2 demonstration stations

Three years of field testing of 20 combinations of genotypes and management practices

Location of the implementation Farms, the demonstration site of INAT-Mornag and the newly created platform of Takelsa.

142 implementation plots

91 ha of Aclimas area

21 field days with the participation of 588 local stakeholders

5 training courses and 118 trained

Analysis of field results

Climatic deficit, P- ETc (mm) for durum wheat, Tunis

Maximum temperature (°C), Tunis station

Heat stress during vegetative period during 2013/14

Heat stress during grain filling period during 2014/15

0.0

0.5

1.0

durum wheat (kg/m3)

0

10

20

30

Actual ACLIMAS Target

durum wheat (q/ha)

Contribution of production factors (in %) to yield improvement for durum wheat. Seed bed preparation, seeds quality and N management contribute by about 50% to yield improvement

Performance assessment for durum wheat varieties

Yield (q/ha) obtained for 7 varieties used by Aclimas during the two growing seasons (2012-2014).

ACLIMAS OUTPUTS:Durum wheat yield

ACLIMAS OUTPUTS: Durum wheat water productivity

ACLIMAS OUTPUTS: Durum wheat agronomy

0

10

20

30

Actual ACLIMAS Target

bread wheat (q/ha)

0.0

0.5

1.0

bread wheat (kg/m3)

ACLIMAS OUTPUTS: Bread wheat agronomy

0

10

20

30

Actual ACLIMAS Target

faba bean (q/ha)

0.0

0.5

1.0

faba bean (kg/m3)

ACLIMAS OUTPUTS: Legumes

0.0

0.5

1.0

barley (kg/m3)

0

10

20

30

Actual ACLIMAS Target

barley (q/ha)

0

10

20

30

Actual ACLIMAS Target

chick peas (q/ha)

0.0

0.5

1.0

chick peas (kg/m3)

ACLIMAS Final workshop, Hammamet 7-9 December 2015 «Results of activities and contribution to the Water Scarcity Initiative »

50 participants debated the outputs of ACLIMAS & future plans for:

-developing brochures on adaptation to climate change and

- implementing crop growth monitoring systems in the cereal growing areas of Tunisia.

Three working groups were organized:

G1. FAO-WSI: activities planning

G2. Plans for the Estimation and Monitoring of water productivity in the demonstration fields

G3. Farmers’ participation to the WSI activities

Participants to ACLIMAS final workshop Hammamet, Tunisia, 7-9 Dec. 2015

Thank You