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Agriculture and Rural Statistics in the Philippine Statistical System
by
Tomas P. Africa
Workshop on Strategic Planning for Agricultural and Rural Statistics
Bangkok, Thailand
17-19 March 2015
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Outline of Presentation
I. Overview: The PSS - Then and Now
II. AgriStat Roles and Responsibilities
III. AgriStat Data Collection
IV. Statistical Coordination Framework, Structures and Mechanisms
V. Funding for AgriStat Activities
VI. Linkage between Sector Development and Statistical Development Plans
VII. PSDP Development Process and Institutional Framework
VIII. Summary
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I. Overview: Why consolidate?
• While the Philippine Statistical System is engaged in a number of good practices, there is ample scope for improving its current organizational structure and processes toward enhancing quality of its products and services.
• A number of structural limitations in the decentralized setup of the PSS, coupled with constraints on financial, physical, human, and other resources have hindered the PSS from responding quickly to users’ requirements and criticisms, especially regarding the need for statistics for local development planning, including the agriculture and rural sectors.
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The Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) – Republic Act No. 10625
• The PSA shall be constituted from among the existing personnel of the major statistical agencies engaged in primary data collection and compilation of secondary data:
• National Statistics Office (NSO)
• Technical Staff of the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)
• Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)
• Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics (BLES)
I. Overview: Latest development in the PSS
II. AgriStat Roles and Responsibilities
• Agriculture and Fisheries Census: The Census Planning and Operations Division (a unit under the former National Statistics Office) was the responsible unit for the conduct of Census of Agriculture and Fisheries every 10 years, in tandem with the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS). The last CAF was conducted in March 2013. – [Proposed unit responsible in the PSA --- Agriculture & Fisheries Census Division
(AFCD) under the National Censuses Services (NCS) of the Censuses & Technical Coordination Office (CTCO)]
• Surveys of Agriculture and Fisheries. Units from the former Bureau of
Agricultural Statistics were the ones responsible for generating agricultural statistics for crops, livestock and poultry, fisheries and aquaculture. – [Proposed units responsible in the PSA --- Divisions of the Sectoral Statistics Office
(SSO)]
• Survey of Forests. The Forest Management Bureau (FMB) of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources is the one responsible for forest-related statistics. (Reference: forestry.denr.gov.ph)
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Framework of Coordination in the PSS
Central Statistical
Authority of the Philippine
Government
Judicial and Legislative
Office
Executive Office
Training, Education and Research Institutions
Other Data Producers
Data Users
Data Providers/ Respondents
IV. Structure and Framework of Coordination in the PSS
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Regional/Provincial Statistical Coordination Committees
• Serve as forum for the discussion and resolution of statistical issues at the regional and local levels
• Venue for data dissemination and statistical advocacy activities
Subcommittees/Technical Committees/Task Forces/ Technical Working Groups
• Tasked to address/resolve specific concerns/issues before these are discussed at the Regional/Provincial Statistical Coordination Committees
IV. Statistical Coordination Structures
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RSCC XII
RSCC XII
TF on Tourism Statistics, RSCC VIII
IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms for AgriStat1 of 5
• Membership to inter-agency committees and technical committees or technical working groups – regular interaction with producers and users in the public sector; thus promoting, among others, increasing use of administrative data, including exchange of data and generation of statistics through direct tabulation of administrative data.
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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms2 of 5
Policies and Standards and Classifications – various Board Resolutions calling for the adoption of statistical standards and classification systems
Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC)
Philippine Standard Commodity Classification (PSCC)
Philippine Standard Occupational Classification (PSOC
Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC)
Philippine Standard Classification of Education (PSCED)
Philippine Central Product Classification (PCPC)
Philippine Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (PCOICOP)
Philippine Classification of Commodities by Broad Economic Categories (PCCBEC)
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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms3 of 5
• System of Designated Statistics - identifies the responsible agencies, frequency of conduct, disaggregation and schedule of data dissemination. It also establishes priorities for data production and hence provides a means for more rational resource allocation among government statistical activities
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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms4 of 5
Philippine Statistical Development Program (PSDP) – defines priority statistical programs and activities designed to provide vital information support for Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) as well as promote efficiency of statistical operations. Also, it is a tool for integrating and coordinating the statistical activities of the government and enjoins compliance and cooperation among various agencies
• The concerns of food and agriculture statistics can be found in all the parts and in most chapters of the PSDP. But, importantly, in Part 3, there is a chapter on agriculture and agrarian reform. Here the statistical development programs, specific to agriculture and agrarian reform are articulated.
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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms5 of 5
• User-Producer Dialogue/Forum - to present the role of agriculture and fishery statistics in the development of the economy. Through the Forum, improvements in the data systems are expected as a result of the assessment of the PSA products and services. To solicit feedback from clients, partners and stakeholders, consultative meetings and/or appreciation seminars were also organized to determine and address the emerging issues and changing needs of stakeholders.
• Advocacy and Dissemination Activities
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V. Funding for AgriStat Activities1 of 2
• Formerly BAS had a centralized budget in its normal operations wherein a top-down approach is applied. The BAS’s approved budget came from the Department of Agriculture (DA) and pushed it down to each Technical Divisions and Regional/Provincial Operation Centers who conducts the agricultural surveys.
• The regular AgriStat surveys are funded by regular appropriations. However, in some instances, budget deficits are addressed by requesting additional funds from DA Programs such as Rice Program, Corn Program, Livestock Program, High Value Commercial Crop Program, etc.
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V. Funding for AgriStat Activities2 of 2
Having a PSA budget with an AgriStat component significant for the production of primary statistics in agriculture since ---
• Under Department of Agriculture, the DA budget at times had statistics competing with programmes and projects, with the latter having higher priority, resulting in resource constraints
• Now with PSA – once approved by Congress, no further competing claims from other ’non-statistical’ programmes upon budget release by the Department of Budget and Management.
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VI. Linkage between sectoral development and statistical development plans
• Do sectoral development plans usually include statistical development as well? • Do sectoral development plans also set the priorities for statistical developments
either directly or indirectly?
‘’The National Economic and Development Authority should include
statistical development in its Medium Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) – a step that would highlight the key role that statistics can play in smarter governance. This would be an important change; the current MTPDP does not mention statistics as an element in the plan but only considers statistics as a tool for monitoring plan realization. There needs to be more explicit recognition of the role of statistics in identifying issues and informing policy design.’’
*Sourced from PSDP Assessment (WB,2010). There is need to examine the MTPDP
for 2011-2016
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Generally effective coordination and advocacy mechanisms for agriculture and rural statistics
a. Inter agency/technical committees
b. Policies, standards and classifications
c. System of designated statistics
d. PSDP formulation
e. User-producer dialogues
f. Advocacy activities
Summary1 of 3
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Issues * • Statistical development not a priority in national and local
government budget allocation; no predictability in budget approval process
• Existing government policy biased towards attrition • ‘Exodus’ of some trained and experienced senior statisticians
from Major Statistical Agencies • Dwindling human capital *Sourced from PSDP Assessment (WB,2010)
Summary2 of 3
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Challenges (My views)
Organize the Philippine Statistics Authority and ensure that the mandate and responsibilities of the former Bureau of Agricultural Statistics become more efficient and effective as provided by the Philippine Statistical Act of 2013
Secure increased resources and to sustain investment in agriculture and rural statistics that are results-based through
• a rationalized and transparent expenditure planning and allocation process that is directly linked to statistical development outcomes, optimal human resource framework, and strategies for sustainable financing and resource mobilization.
Summary3 of 3
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Mabuhay and Thank you!
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Republic Act No. 10625, otherwise known as
The Philippine Statistical Act of 2013
“AN ACT REORGANIZING THE PHILIPPINE STATISTICAL SYSTEM, REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE EXECUTIVE ORDER NUMBER ONE
HUNDRED TWENTY-ONE ENTITLED “REORGANIZING AND STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE STATISTICAL SYSTEM AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES”
I. Overview: Latest development in the PSS
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III. Data Collection: AgriStat1 of 3
1. Crops
a. Palay (paddy rice) and Corn Production Survey (PCPS) - quarterly b. Palay and Corn Situation Reporting System (MPCSRS) - monthly c. Palay and Corn Stocks Survey (PCSS) - monthly d. Crops Production Survey (CPS) – quarterly (vegetables and rootcrops
(101), fruit crops (51) and non-food and industrial crops (76) + administrative data for sugarcane, fiber crops, cotton, tobacco, coconut
2. Livestock and Poultry a. Backyard Livestock and Poultry Survey (BLPS) and Commercial Livestock
and Poultry Survey (CLPS) - quarterly b. Survey of Animals Slaughtered in Abattoirs and Dressing Plants +
administrative data - quarterly c. Semestral Survey of Dairy Enterprises
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III. Data Collection: AgriStat2 of 3
3. Fisheries a. Commercial Fisheries Surveys (quarterly) + administrative data b. Municipal/Inland Municipal Fisheries Surveys - quarterly c. Aquaculture Surveys – quarterly
4. Prices and marketing a. Farm Prices Survey (FPS) – monthly b. Wholesale and retail prices – weekly/monthly c. Prices Paid by Farmers for Pesticides - quarterly d. Cereals and Fertilizer Price Monitoring - weekly
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III. Data Collection: AgriStat3 of 3
5. Farm Economics a. Agricultural Labor Survey (ALS) b. Costs and Returns Survey (CRS), Survey of Food Demand(SFD),
and the Integrated Farm Household Survey (IFHS) – ad hoc 7. Forestry The Forest Management Bureau (FMB) of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources is the one responsible for forest-related statistics. (Reference: forestry.denr.gov.ph)
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The PSA Board
• Establish appropriate mechanisms to maintain an efficient and effective Philippine Statistical System
• Formulate policies on all matters relating to government statistical operations, standards and classifications
• Review the statistical programs of the agencies of the national government and of the local government units, and rationalize responsibilities in these government organizations on matters relating to such statistical programs
• Review budgetary proposals involving statistical operations, and submit an integrated budget for the PSS to the DBM
IV. Statistical Coordination Structures
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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms for AgriStat2 of 7
Among the data sets that can be compiled are the following: Grains Warehouses and Storage Statistics Administrative forms used in the licensing and registration of privately owned and operated storage facilities
Volume of fish catch: – commercial fisheries can be compiled through the Log-Book
method involving the compulsory submission of fish catch by fishing boat operators even while still in fishing trips.
– municipal fisheries can be compiled from the reports of municipal fisherfolk to their respective local government units (LGUs).
Volume and price of unloadings of commercial and municipal boats can be sourced from records of the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA).
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Activity Agency Frequency of
Conduct Geographic
Disaggregation Schedule of Data
Dissemination With ARC
Census of Agriculture and Fisheries
National Statistics Office
every 10 years national, regional, provincial, municipal
6 months after survey conduct (preliminary) 2 years after survey
conduct (final)
/
Rice and Corn Survey Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)
quarterly national, regional, provincial
40 days after the reference quarter /
Seasonally Adjusted Palay Production
BAS quarterly national 40 days after the reference quarter /
Backyard Livestock and Poultry Survey
BAS quarterly national, regional, provincial,
45 days after the reference quarter /
Commercial Livestock and Poultry Survey
BAS quarterly national, regional, provincial
45 days after the reference quarter /
Palay and Corn Stocks Survey
- Household stocks
BAS, National Food Authority
monthly national, regional, 15 days after the survey conduct (preliminary)
45 days after the survey (final)
/
Palay and Corn Stocks Survey
- Commercial stocks
BAS, National Food Authority
monthly national, regional, 15 days after the survey conduct (preliminary)
45 days after the survey (final)
1/
Commercial Fish Catch Survey
BAS monthly national, regional, provincial
2 months after the reference month
/
Municipal Fish Catch Survey
BAS Marine - every other day
Inland - quarterly
national, regional, provincial
2 months after the reference quarter
/
Generation of Data on Land Holdings and Land Transfer
Department of Agrarian Reform
quarterly national, regional, provincial
1 month after the reference quarter O
IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms5 of 7
Agency Statistical Calendar/Advance Release Calendar
• The ARC of Designated Statistics is designed to promote transparency, timeliness, and accessibility of government statistics by providing advanced information to the public as to what and when the statistics will become available. It gives the specific dates on when the various statistics will be released by government agencies for the benefit of the data users.
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M&E
Framework
Logical
Framework
VII. The PSDP Development Process
• Vision and goals
• Key result areas and
thrusts
• Major programs and
strategies
Strategic
framework
• Problem analysis
• Stakeholder analysis
• Objectives analysis
• Human resource framework
• Medium-term expenditure framework
• Resource mobilization strategy
• Activities and outputs
• Time and cost
schedules
• Implementing units
Action plan PSDP Volume 2
Resource
framework Situational analysis
Strategic plan PSDP Volume 1
VII. Institutional Framework for PSDP Preparation
PSDP NSCB
Executive Board
PSPD Steering Committee
NSCB Technical Staff /
PSDP Secretariat Strategic plan
Action plan
Activities & outputs
Time & cost
schedules
IACs / TCs / AWGs
RSCCs
MSAs
NGAs
LGUs
Data users Academe, Private Sector, CSO
Other stakeholders
Communication plan
M&E framework
Office of the President
Resource
framework
Strategic
framework Situational
analysis
Strategic directions
Major programs &
strategies
Proclamation
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