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An Introduction to theAn Introduction to the Testing and Certification of

Fire Rated Wood DoorsApril 18, 2013

North American Wood Window and Door Symposium

Presented by Matthew Schumann, Industry Manager

© 2011 Underwriters Laboratories Inc.

Agenda

• Introduction to Fire doors• Test Standards• Construction Methods• Testingg• Seals• Performance and Acceptance CriteriaPerformance and Acceptance Criteria• Follow-up Service• Care and Maintenance

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• Care and Maintenance

Introduction to Fire Doors

• Fire rated opening may consist of:

– Fire Door (UL Classified)Frame (UL Listed)– Frame (UL Listed)

Latching hardware (UL Listed)– Latching hardware (UL Listed)– Closer (UL Listed)

S l d k t (UL Li t d)– Seals and gaskets (UL Listed)

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Introduction to Wood Fire Doors

• Hourly Ratings – 3 hr, 1-1/2, 1, ¾ and 20 mins• Positive or Neutral PressurePositive or Neutral Pressure• Hardware options• Sizes and thicknesses• Sizes and thicknesses• Rail and stile versus flush doors

Cl• Clearances

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Test StandardsTest Standards

Test Standards

• Understanding the Alphabet Soup

• UL Standards – UL 10B UL 10C UL 1784UL Standards UL 10B, UL 10C, UL 1784

• Canadian Standards – CAN/ULC-S104

• NFPA Standards NFPA 252 NFPA 80 NFPA• NFPA Standards – NFPA 252, NFPA 80, NFPA 105

• ASTM Standards – ASTM E152 and E2074 (bothASTM Standards ASTM E152 and E2074 (both withdrawn)

Test Standards

• Fire Testing – CAN/ULC-S104, UL 10B, UL10C NFPA 252UL10C, NFPA 252

• Smoke Control Testing – UL 1784I t ll ti D t NFPA 80 d• Installation Documents – NFPA 80 and 105IBC and NFPA Code Compliance• IBC and NFPA Code Compliance

Test Standards

• UL10B – “Fire Tests of Door Assemblies”• Pressure plane for furnace is at top of door p p

assembly

• UL10C – “Positive Pressure Fire Tests of D A bli ”Door Assemblies”

• Pressure plane for furnace is 40 in. above sill.

CAN4 S104 “St d d M th d f Fi T t• CAN4-S104 – “Standard Method for Fire Tests of Door Assemblies”

• Neutral pressure fire test.Neutral pressure fire test.

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Construction MethodsConstruction Methods

Construction Materials

Engineered Lumber or Plant Fiber Cores• Engineered Lumber or Plant Fiber Cores• Mineral or Gypsum Based Materials• Mineral Boards• Mineral Boards• Wood Veneers• High Pressure Laminates• High Pressure Laminates• Cross-banding Materials• Adhesives• Adhesives

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Typical Construction

X-band

Face

Core

Face

X-band

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Construction Methods

Sizing of materials• Sizing of materials• Lamination• Routing and Machining• Routing and Machining• Hot Pressing or Cold Pressing• Trimming• Trimming• Finishing

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TestingTesting

Time-Temperature Curve for Fire Testing

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UL10B/S104 versus UL10C

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UL10C Fire Test

“Neutral Pressure Plane”40 in. / 1 m Neutral Pressure Plane 40 in. / 1 m

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Fire Door Hose Stream Pattern

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Fire Door Hose Stream Test

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SealsSeals

Categorization of Seals for UL 10C Rated Doors

Seals for doors tested to UL10C:• Category A doors do not require an edge seal• Installed on fire door or near rabbet of fire door

fframe• Category G - edge seal for Category B doors required

for UL 10C Compliance• Category H – Smoke and draft control gasketing• Category J - Does not contribute to flaming during fire

test; used as weather stripping sound control etctest; used as weather stripping, sound control, etc.• No Category indicates seal can be used on UL 10B

tested doors

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Edge Seal (Intumescent)

Built-In Gasketing (Intumescent)

Example of Gasket Application

Acceptance CriteriaAcceptance Criteria

Acceptance Criteria

• Flaming g

• Development of Through Openings

• Deflection of Door Leaf from Frame or adjacent Door LeafDoor Leaf

Criteria Applies to ppBoth Fire and Hose Stream Tests

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Follow Up ServiceFollow-Up Service

Follow-up Service

• Per IBC Sect. 716 and NFPA 80, fire doors must be listed and labeledmust be listed and labeled

• Manufacturer indicates compliance with certification program through UL Markp g g

• Certification program controls materials and processes used

• Program reflects products as tested• UL conducts unannounced audits on door

productionproduction

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Care and MaintenanceCare and Maintenance

Care and Maintenance of Fire Doors

Perform annual inspections on swinging openings perPerform annual inspections on swinging openings per Sect. 5 of NFPA 80

• Check for cracks and splits in the doors• Hardware• Condition of gaskets and seals• Delamination of door faces• Replace components when necessary

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Thank YouThank You

Matthew SchumannIndustry Managery g

Underwriters Laboratories LLC333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062

847-664-1289847-664-1289Matthew.Schumann@ul.com

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