application of opg in orthodontics

APPLICATION OF OPG IN

ORTHODONTICSPRESENTED BY:

SEYED MOHAMMAD REZA MASOUMISTUDENT RESEARCH COMMITTEE, SHAHID SADOUGHI

UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, YAZD, IRAN

THE PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPH PROVIDES INFORMATION ON THE NUMBER OF TEETH

PRESENT, ERUPTION PROBLEMS, ROOT FORM AND LENGTH, QUALITY OF

ALVEOLAR BONE AND OTHER PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHS ARE ALSO OFTEN TAKEN DURING TREATMENT TO EVALUATE THE PARALLELISM OF THE ROOTS AND THE PRESENCE OF ROOT RESORPTION OR

BLUNTING OF THE ROOT APICES .

NORMAL ANATOMY

BONY LANDMARKS IN MAXILLA

6

15

15. Glenoid fossa19. Floor of Max.Sinus

17. Zygomatic Arch16. Articular eminence 18.Post. wall max. sinus20. Zygomatic process of max. forming innominate line

21. Hard palate 22. Floor of the orbit 23. Nasal septum 24. Incisive foramen25. Inferior choncha 26. Meatus 27. Frontal process of Z.bone

1617

18

19

2021

22 2329

25

24

26

28.Pterygo max. fissure30. Maxillary tuberosity29.Spine of the sphenoid bone 31. Lateral pterygoid plate

3130

2827

DENTAL ERUPTION : NORMAL AND PROBLEMS

Panoramic radiograph showing a normal eruption pattern in a 9-year-old young boy. Adequate yearly follow-up will

ensure optimal tooth eruption.

SEQUENCE AND CHRONOLOGY OF TOOTH

ERUPTION

CHRONOLOGY OF HUMAN PERMANENT DENTITION

LOSS OF SPACE PREVENTING THE LOWER PREMOLARS FROM ERUPTING

MIGRATION OF UPPER MOLARS AND LOSS OF SPACE (ERUPTION PROBLEM).

RADIOGRAPH AND PICTURE SHOWING THE POSITION OF THE CANINES IN THE PALATE

(INDICATED BY THE ARROWS).

SUPERNUMERARY TOOTH

MESIODENS

KISSING MOLARS

OPG SHOWING MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR FUSED WITH SUPERNUMERARY

TOOTH

GEMINATION

BILATERAL TRANSPOSITION OF THE MAXILLARY CANINES AND FIRST PREMOLARS

DELAYED INCISOR ERUPTION

PANORAMIC X-RAY ON THIS NINE YEAR OLD REVEALS

CONGENITALLY MISSING ADULT PRE-MOLAR. YOU CAN SEE ON THE LEFT OF THE SCREEN THERE IS NO TOOTH BUD FORMING

AS COMPARED TO THE SAME AREA ON THE RIGHT SIDE

MISSING

NON-SYNDROMIC OLIGODONTIA OF PRIMARY AND PERMANENT DENTITION

BILATERAL ECTOPIC ERUPTION ON THE MAXILLA OF THE PERMANENT FIRST MOLARS INTO THE PRIMARY SECOND

MOLARS

ANKYLOSIS

FRACTURES

MANDIBULAR FRACTURE

PANORAMIC IMAGE SHOWS SOFT PALATE (THICK WHITE ARROW), SUBCONDYLAR FRACTURE (THICK BLACK ARROW), SPINE OF

SPHENOID BONE (THIN BLACK ARROW), AND PHARYNGEAL WALL (THIN WHITE ARROW).

ALVEOLAR FRACTURE INANTERIOR MAXILLA

PANORAMIC TOMOGRAM OF FIXATION OF SUBCONDYLAR FRACTURE

ROOT RESORPTION

THE OPG REVEALED AN ORTHOGRADE POSITION OF THE ROOT OF 12, THE ROOT

APEX REVEALED RESORPTION

OTHERS

THE PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPH DISCLOSED A NORMAL BONE, ABSENCE OF THIRD MOLARS AND A GOOD ROOT

PARALLELISM

SERIAL PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHS CONFIRMED THE UPRIGHTING OF THE MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS AND FIRST MOLARS, AND FAVORABLE ROOT PARALLELISM.

MESIAL DRIFTING OF THE MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLARS AND A GOOD ERUPTION PATH OF UPPER THIRD MOLARS

MICRODONTIA IN RELATION TO RIGHT LATERAL INCISOR TOOTH