atl elevate programmatic developer slides

Fast Track to Salesforce

Development

Speakers

David Scruggs

@davescruggs

Stewart Loewen

Safe Harbor

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Platform Overview

Setting Up the Conference Application

Writing Apex Classes

Accessing Data using SOQL

Writing Triggers

Writing Visualforce Pages

Writing Controller Extensions

Agenda

http://bit.ly/elevate-intro

Salesforce Platform is the Fastest Path from Idea to App

IdeaBuild App

Idea

buy &

setup

hardware

install

complex

software

define user

access

build & test

security

make it

mobile &

social

setup

reporting &

analytics

build

app

Traditional Platforms

6-12 Months?

App

App

Salesforce1 Platform Services

Salesforce1 Platform

Force.com Heroku Exact Target

Salesforce1 Platform APIs

Salesforce1 App

Sales

Cloud

Service

Cloud

Marketing

CloudAppExchange

Custom

Apps

Partner

Apps

Salesforce1 Mobile App

Salesforce on your phone

Customizable by

– Users

– Admins

– Developers

Supports

– Objects

– Visualforce

– Canvas

Two Approaches to Development

Visualforce Pages

Visualforce Components

Apex Controllers

Apex Triggers

Metadata API

REST API

Bulk API

Formula Fields

Validation Rules

Workflows and Approvals

Custom Objects

Custom Fields

Relationships

Page Layouts

Record Types

User

Interface

Business

Logic

Data

Model

Declarative Approach Programmatic Approach

The Conference App

Manage sessions and speakers

Automatically send confirmation emails

Customized user interface with Visualforce Pages

Upload speaker pictures

Flickr integration (Apex) to show conference pictures

Google Maps integration (JS) to show conference hotels

Companion app (JS + REST) for conference attendees

Free Developer Environment

http://developer.salesforce.com/signup

Lab 1: Install Your Developer Org

http://developer.salesforce.com/signup

Module 2:

Setting Up the Conference App

Salesforce Objects

Similar to Tables (with more metadata)

Standard objects out-of-the-box

– Account, Contact, Opportunity, …

You can add custom fields to standard objects

– Rating__c, Twitter__c, …

You can create custom objects

– i.e. Speaker__c, Session__c, Hotel__c

Custom objects have standard fields

– Id, Owner, LastModifiedDate, LastModifiedBy, …

Rich Data Types

Auto Number

Formula

Roll-Up Summary

Lookup

Master-Detail

Checkbox

Currency

Date

Picklist (multi

select)

Text

Text Area

Text Area (Long)

Text Area (Rich)

Text (Encrypted)

URL

Date/Time

Email

Geolocation

Number

Percent

Phone

Picklist

Modeling Many-to-Many Relationships

A speaker can have

many session

assignments

A session can

have many

speaker

assignments

Id

All objects are given an Id field

Globally unique Id is assigned at record creation

"Primary key" used to access records

Record Name

Human readable / logical identifier

Text or Auto Number ("Intro to Apex" or SP-00002)

Uniqueness not enforced

When you create an Object, you get…

A CRUD user interface

Instant Mobile App access (Salesforce1)

A REST API

Rich Metadata

Indexed search

Lab 2: Importing the Workshop Assets

Lab 2: Importing the Workshop Assets

Module 3:

Writing Apex Classes

What is Apex?

Salesforce platform language

Similar to Java

Object-oriented

Strongly typed

Classes and Interfaces

Cloud based compiling, debugging and unit testing

Apex and Java

Same

Primitive data types

Flow control (if, for, while, …)

Exception handling

Collections: Lists, Sets, …

Different

Case insensitive

Single quote strings: 'Joe'

Id data type

Built-in support for data access

Apex Class

public class MortgageCalculator {

}

public Double amount { get; set; }

public Double rate { get; set; }

public Integer years { get; set; }

public Double calculateMonthlyPayment() {

Integer months = years * 12;

Double monthlyRate = rate / (12 * 100);

return amount * (monthlyRate/

(1 - Math.pow(1 + monthlyRate, -months)));

}

Development Tools

Developer Console

Force.com IDE (Eclipse Plugin)

Mavens Mate (Sublime Plugin)

Force CLI

Developer Console

Browser Based IDE

Create Classes, Triggers, Pages

Execute Apex Anonymously

Execute SOQL Queries

Run Unit Tests

Review Debug Logs

Lab 3: Creating an Apex Class

Create the EmailManager class

Send emails from the developer console

Module 4:

Accessing Data with

SOQL and DML

What's SOQL?

Salesforce Object Query language

Similar to SQL

Streamlined syntax to traverse object relationships

Built into Apex

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone <> null

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone <> null

AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone <> null

AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

ORDER BY Name

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone <> null

AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

ORDER BY Name

LIMIT 50

Details to Master

SELECT Id, Name, Phone, Account.Name

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone <> null

AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

ORDER BY Name

LIMIT 50

Master to Details

SELECT Name,

(SELECT FirstName, LastName, Phone

FROM Contacts)

FROM Account

Executing SOQL in the Developer Console

Inlining SOQL in Apex

Integer i = [SELECT Count() FROM Session__c];

Inlining SOQL in Apex

String level = 'Advanced';

List<Session__c> sessions =

[SELECT Name, Level__c FROM Session__c

WHERE Level__c = :level];

Inlining SOQL in Apex

List<String> levels = new List<String>();

levels.add('Intermediate');

levels.add('Advanced');

List<Session__c> sessions =

[SELECT Name, Level__c FROM Session__c

WHERE Level__c IN :levels];

Inlining SOQL in Apex

for (Speaker__c s : [SELECT Email__c FROM Speaker__c])

{

System.debug(s.email__c);

}

What's DML?

Data Manipulation Language

Language used to create, update, delete records

insert

Session__c session = new Session__c();

session.name = 'Apex 101';

session.level__c = 'Beginner';

insert session;

insert

Session__c session = new Session__c(

name = 'Apex 201',

level__c = 'Intermediate'

);

insert session;

update

String oldName = 'Apex 101';

String newName = 'Apex for Beginners';

Session__c session =

[SELECT Id, Name FROM Session__c

WHERE Name=:oldName];

session.name = newName;

update session;

delete

String name = 'Testing 501';

Session__c session =

[SELECT Name FROM Session__c

WHERE Name=:name];

delete session;

Lab 4: Accessing Data using SOQL and DML

Execute SOQL statements in the Query Editor

Execute DML statements in the Anonymous Window

Module 5:

Writing Triggers

What's a Trigger?

Apex code executed on database events

Before or after:

– Insert

– Update

– Delete

– Undelete

Before or After?

Before

– Update or validate values before they are saved to the database

– Example: Prevent double-booking of a speaker

After

– Access values set by the database (Id, lastUpdated, …)

– Example: Send speaker confirmation email

Bulk Mode

Triggers work on lists of records, not single records

This is to support bulk operations

– Data Import, Bulk API, etc.

Context variables provide access to old and new values:

– Trigger.old and Trigger.new (List)

– Trigger.oldMap and Trigger.newMap (Map)

Example 1

trigger WelcomeKit on Account (after insert) {

List<Case> cases = new List<Case>();

for (Account account : Trigger.new) {

Case case = new Case();

case.Subject = 'Mail Welcome Kit';

case.Account.Id = account.Id;

cases.add(case);

}

insert cases;

}

Example 2

trigger on Account (before update) {

for (Account acc: Trigger.New) {

// Compare new value with old value

if (acc.Rating != Trigger.oldMap.get(acc.Id).Rating) {

// Your Logic

}

}

}

Workflow vs Trigger

Workflow Trigger

Created with Clicks Code

What can it do • Update field

• Send email

• Create task

• Send outbound message

• Launch flow (flow trigger)

~ Anything (e.g.

create/delete records,

REST callout, etc.)

Cross-object field updates Limited (detail -> master) Any

Lab 5: Writing Triggers

Write the SendConfirmationEmail trigger

Write the RejectDoubleBooking trigger

Module 6:

Writing Visualforce Pages

What's a Visualforce Page?

HTML page with tags executed at the server-side to

generate dynamic content

Similar to JSP and ASP

Can leverage JavaScript and CSS libraries

The View in MVC architecture

Model-View-Controller

ModelData + Rules

ControllerView-Model

interactions

ViewUI code

Separation of concerns

– No data access code in view

– No view code in controller

Benefits

– Minimize impact of changes

– More reusable components

Model-View-Controller in Salesforce

View• Standard Pages

• Visualforce Pages

• External apps

Controller• Standard Controllers

• Controller Extensions

• Custom Controllers

Model• Objects

• Triggers (Apex)

• Classes (Apex)

Component Library

Presentation tags

– <apex:pageBlock title="My Account Contacts">

Fine grained data tags

– <apex:outputField value="{!contact.firstname}">

– <apex:inputField value="{!contact.firstname}">

Coarse grained data tags

– <apex:detail>

– <apex:pageBlockTable>

Action tags

– <apex:commandButton action="{!save}" >

Expression Language

Anything inside of {! } is evaluated as an expression

Same expression language as Formulas

$ provides access to global variables (User,

RemoteAction, Resource, …)

– {! $User.FirstName } {! $User.LastName }

Example 1

<apex:page>

<h1>Hello, {!$User.FirstName}</h1>

</apex:page>

Standard Controller

A standard controller is available for all objects

– You don't have to write it!

Provides standard CRUD operations

– Create, Update, Delete, Field Access, etc.

Can be extended with more capabilities (next module)

Uses id query string parameter in URL to access object

Example 2

<apex:page standardController="Contact">

<apex:form>

<apex:inputField value="{!contact.firstname}"/>

<apex:inputField value="{!contact.lastname}"/>

<apex:commandButton action="{!save}" value="Save"/>

</apex:form>

</apex:page>Function in

standard controller

Standard controller

object

Email

Templates

Embedded in Page

Layouts

Generate PDFs

Custom Tabs

Mobile

Interfaces

Page Overrides

Where can I use Visualforce?

Lab 6: Writing Visualforce Pages

Write the SpeakerForm Visualforce page

Set it as default for creating and editing speakers

Module 7:

Writing Controller Extensions

and Custom Controllers

What's a Controller Extension?

Custom class written in Apex

Works on the same object as the standard controller

Can override standard controller behavior

Can add new capabilities

Defining a Controller Extension

<apex:page standardController="Speaker__c"

extensions="SpeakerCtrlExt">

Provides basic

CRUD

Overrides standard

actions and/or provide

additional capabilities

Anatomy of a Controller Extension

public class SpeakerCtrlExt {

private final Speaker__c speaker;

private ApexPages.StandardController stdController;

public SpeakerCtrlExt (ApexPages.StandardController ctrl) {

this.stdController = ctrl;

this.speaker = (Speaker__c)ctrl.getRecord();

}

// method overrides

// custom methods

}

What's a Custom Controller?

Custom class written in Apex

Doesn't work on a specific object

Provides custom data

Provides custom behaviors

Defining a Custom Controller

<apex:page controller="FlickrController">

Custom Controller Example

public with sharing class FlickrController {

public FlickrList getPictures() {

HttpRequest req = new HttpRequest();

req.setMethod('GET');

req.setEndpoint('http://api.flickr.com/services/feeds/');

HTTP http = new HTTP();

HTTPResponse res = http.send(req);

return (FlickrList) JSON.deserialize(res.getBody(),

FlickrList.class);

}

}

Lab 7: Writing a Controller Extension

Write a Controller Extension that supports Picture

Upload

Advanced Salesforce

Development Workshop

Setting Up the Conference Application

Using JavaScript in Visualforce Pages

Using the Salesforce1 Platform APIs

Using Static Resources

Using Canvas Applications

Testing

Batching and Scheduling

Agenda

The Conference App

Manage sessions and speakers

Automatically send confirmation emails

Customized user interface with Visualforce Pages

Upload speaker pictures

Flickr integration (Apex) to show conference pictures

Google Maps integration (JS) to show conference hotels

Companion app (JS + REST) for conference attendees

http://bit.ly/elevate-advanced

Lab 2: Importing the Workshop Assets

Lab 2: Importing the Workshop Assets

Module 3:

Using JavaScript in

Visualforce Pages

Why Use JavaScript?

Build Engaging User Experiences

Leverage JavaScript Libraries

Build Custom Applications

JavaScript in Visualforce Pages

JavaScript Remoting

Remote Objects

(REST)

Visualforce Page

Examples

JavaScript Remoting - Server-Side

global with sharing class HotelRemoter {

@RemoteAction

global static List<Hotel__c> findAll() {

return [SELECT Id,

Name,

Location__Latitude__s,

Location__Longitude__s

FROM Hotel__c];

}

}

"global with sharing"?

global

– Available from outside of the application

with sharing

– Run code with current user permissions. (Apex code runs in

system context by default -- with access to all objects and fields)

JavaScript Remoting - Visualforce Page

<script>

Visualforce.remoting.Manager.invokeAction(

'{!$RemoteAction.HotelRemoter.findAll}',

function (result, event) {

if (event.status) {

for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {

var lat = result[i].Location__Latitude__s;

var lng = result[i].Location__Longitude__s;

addMarker(lat, lng);

}

} else {

alert(event.message);

}

}

);

</script>

Using JavaScript and CSS Libraries

Hosted elsewhere

<script src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js"></script>

Hosted in Salesforce

– Upload individual file or Zip file as Static Resource

– Reference asset using special tags

– Covered in Module 5

Lab 3: Using JavaScript in Visualforce Pages

Write the HotelMap Visualforce Page

Module 4:

Using the REST APIs

When?

Get access to Salesforce data from outside Salesforce:

Integrate Salesforce in existing apps

Build consumer apps

Device integration (Internet of Things)

Mobile SDK Example

REST APIs

OAuth

Browser Cross-Origin Restrictions

REST APIs

app.js

index.html

OAuth

HTTP Server

Cross Origin Policy

Using a Proxy

app.js

index.html

OAuth

REST APIs

HTTP Server

Proxy

http://bit.ly/trysoql

https://contact-force.herokuapp.com

Connected App

Libraries

ForceJS

– Simple Oauth + REST toolkit without dependency

ForceTK

– Salesforce REST API Toolkit

Nforce

– node.js a REST API wrapper

ngForce

– Visualforce Remoting integration in AngularJS

JSForce

Lab 4: Using the REST APIs

Create a consumer app hosted outside Salesforce

Windows Users

After installing Node.js:

1. Add c:\Program Files\Nodejs to your path

or

Run "C:\Program Files\Nodejs\npm" install

2. Create an "npm" directory in

C:\Users\[yourname]\Appdata\Roaming

Module 5:

Using Static Resources

What are Static Resources?

Files uploaded to Salesforce instance for use in

Visualforce pages

– .js

– .css

– .jpg, .png, .gif, etc.

Can be uploaded individually or as archive (.zip or .jar)

Static Resources

Visualforce and HTML Page Generation

By default, Visualforce generates HTML page elements:

– <html>

– <head>

– <body>

<apex:> tags ensure corresponding HTML elements are

inserted at the right place

– <apex:stylesheet>

– <apex:includeScript>

Referencing Static Resources

// Single file

<apex:stylesheet value="{!$Resource.bootstrap}"/>

<apex:includeScript value="{!$Resource.jquery}"/>

<apex:image url="{!$Resource.logo}"/>

// ZIP file

<apex:stylesheet value="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'css/main.css')}"/>

<apex:image url="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'img/logo.png')}"/>

<apex:includeScript value="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'js/app.js')}"/>

Controlling HTML Page Generation

You can also take full control over HTML elements

generation and position:

<apex:page docType="html"

applyHtmlTag="false"

applyBodyTag="false">

… and use standard HTML tags

– <link rel="stylesheet" href="…">

– <script src="…">

Referencing Static Resources

// Single file

<link href="{!$Resource.bootstrap}" rel="stylesheet"/>

<img src="{!$Resource.logo}"/>

<script src="{!$Resource.jquery}"></script>

// ZIP file

<link href="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'css/main.css')}" rel="stylesheet"/>

<img src="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'img/logo.png')}"/>

<script src="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'js/app.js')}"></script>

Lab 5: Static Resources

Host single page application in Visualforce page

Module 6:

Using Canvas Applications

What is a Canvas App?

A web app integrated in your Salesforce environment

Can be written in any language

– Java, .NET, PHP, Ruby on Rails, Node.js, etc.

Transparently authenticated

Context aware (logged in user, current object, etc.)

Use Cases

Internal App

Third-Party / Partner App

External systems with web facade

Where Can It Be Integrated?

Publisher

Page Layouts

Visualforce Pages

Tabs

Mobile Cards

Defining a Canvas App

Transparent Authentication

When loading Canvas app, Salesforce instance posts

Base64 encoded data to app endpoint including:

– Authenticated token

– Context (logged in user, current object, etc)

App decodes data using client secret

Can use authenticated token to make REST API calls

Node.js example

var decode = require('salesforce-signed-request');

var secret = process.env.CONSUMER_SECRET;

app.post('/signedrequest', function(req, res) {

var signedRequest = req.body.signed_request;

var decodedRequest = decode(signedRequest, secret);

var oauthToken = decodedRequest.client.oauthToken;

var instanceUrl = decodedRequest.client.instanceUrl;

var context = decodedRequest.context;

});

Lab 6: Canvas

Deploy Node.js web app to Heroku

Integrate app in Contact page layout

Module 7:

Writing Unit Tests

Unit Testing

Code to test code

Increases quality and predictability

Unit test coverage is required to move code to production

– Must have at least 75% of code covered

– Coverage = lines of code exercised by tests / total line of code

Anatomy of a Test Class

@isTest

private class myClass {

static testMethod void myTest() {

// 1. Prepare temporary data

// 2. Start Test

// 3. Execute some code

// 4. Stop Test

// 5. Assert

}

}

Create Temporary Data

Datetime now = System.now();

// Create speaker

Speaker__c sp = new Speaker__c(First_Name__c='Al', Last_Name__c='Smith');

insert sp;

// Create two sessions starting at the same time

Session__c s1 = new Session__c(Name='Session1', Session_Date__c=now);

insert s1;

Session__c s2 = new Session__c(Name='Session2', Session_Date__c=now);

insert s2;

// Book speaker for session1

Session_Speaker__c booking1 =

new Session_Speaker__c(Session__c=s1.Id, Speaker__c=sp.Id);

insert booking1;

Test and Assert

Test.startTest();

// Try to book speaker for session2

Session_Speaker__c booking2=

new Session_Speaker__c(Session__c=s2.Id, Speaker__c=sp.Id);

Database.SaveResult result = Database.insert(booking2, false);

Test.stopTest();

// Insert should fail: can't book same speaker for 2 sessions happening

// at same time

System.assert(!result.isSuccess());

Running Tests

Lab 7: Unit Testing

Write the TestDoubleBooking class

Run the test

Module 8:

Batching and Scheduling

What's a Batch?

Long-running process that runs without manual

intervention

Started programmatically

Defining a Batch Job

global class SendReminderEmail implements Database.Batchable {

global SendReminderEmail(String query, String subject, String body) {

// Constructor: accept parameters

}

global Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext bc) {

// Select scope (records to process)

}

global void execute(Database.BatchableContext bc, List<Speaker__c> scope) {

// Process data

}

global void finish(Database.BatchableContext bc) {

// Post processing operations

}

}

Running the Batch Job

String q = 'SELECT First_Name__c, Last_Name__c, Email__c ' +

'FROM Speaker__c WHERE Email__c != null';

SendReminderEmail batch = new SendReminderEmail(q,

'Final Reminder', 'The conference starts next Monday');

Database.executeBatch(batch);

What's Scheduled Job?

Unattended background program execution

Occurs at a specified time

Optionally repeated at a specified interval

Defining a Scheduled Job

global class ScheduledEmail implements Schedulable {

global void execute(SchedulableContext sc) {

String q = 'SELECT First_Name__c, Last_Name__c, Email__c ' +

'FROM Speaker__c WHERE Email__c != null';

SendReminderEmail batch = new SendReminderEmail(q,

'Final Reminder', 'The conference starts next Monday');

Database.executeBatch(batch);

}

}

Scheduling the Job (using Code)

ScheduledEmail job = new ScheduledEmail();

// Run at 8AM on February 10th

// (Seconds Minutes Hours Day_of_month Month Day_of_week Years)

// Can use wildcards

String schedule = '0 0 8 10 2 ?';

String jobId = System.schedule('Final reminder', schedule, job);

Scheduling the Job (using Clicks)

Monitoring Scheduled Jobs

Lab 8: Batching and Scheduling

Write the SendReminderEmail class

Run the batch

Next Steps in Your Developer Journey

http://developer.salesforce.com

Developer Forums

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