axis communications

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Axis Communications

Partner Training

Agenda

Overview – (8:30am – 12:00pm)

Network camera housings

CCTV and surveillance demystified

Optics

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Camera Enclosures

Overview

Rating systems General considerations Installation tips Recommended enclosures

AXIS 290B Network Camera Housing AXIS Fusion Dome

Rating Systems

Many different systems NEMA, IEC, UL, CSA…

Industry action groups/companies Product design, performance and application Common reference & interchangeability

Rating Systems

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Consists of two letter prefix IP followed by two digits Solid object ingress (first digit) Liquid ingress (second digit)

Examples: IP65 dust tight, heavy water spray IP66 dust tight, heavy jet spray IP54 dust resistant, splashing water

Rating Systems: IEC

IP (First number) 0: No special protection 1: Solid objects > 50 mm diameter 2: Solid objects > 12 mm diameter 3: Solid objects > 2.5 mm diameter 4: Solid objects > 1 mm diameter 5: Dust protected 6: Dust tight

Rating Systems: IEC

IP (Second number) 0: No special protection 1: Dripping water 2: Dripping water when tilted 15 degrees 3: Spraying water 4: Splashing water 5: Water jet spray 6: Heavy jet spray 7: Immersion 8: Submersion

Rating Systems

National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Water ingress Solid object ingress Mechanical impact of enclosure on walls Oil resistance Corrosion resistance Door and cover latching requirements

Rating Systems: NEMA

1: General purpose (indoor) 2: Water drip proof (indoor) 3R: Dust tight, rain tight, ice resistant

(outdoor) 4: Water tight and dust tight

(indoor/outdoor) 4X: Water tight, dust tight, corrosion

resistant (indoor/outdoor)

Rating Systems: NEMA

9: Indoor hazardous locations 12: Industrial use – drip tight and dust tight

(indoor) 13: Oil Tight and Dust Tight (indoor)

General Considerations

Local codes NEMA rating of 3, 3R, 4, 4X, 6, or 6P for outdoor IP Rating 66, 65 Resistance measurement 4x rule

Installation Tips

Consult wiring distance chart Add up total VAC needed

Camera placement is important Environmental conditions

Heater/blower combinations Sun shrouds Cabling considerations

Accessories POL AXIS 2191 Audio Module

AXIS 2130R Enclosures

AXIS Outdoor Fusion Dome Outdoor dome housing Tinted lower dome Heater and blower for outdoor use

AXIS Indoor Fusion Dome

Indoor dome housing Tinted lower dome

AXIS 2130R Enclosures

AXIS Indoor Recessed Enclosure Low profile indoor ceiling housing Can be installed in either sheetrock or drop

ceilings Tinted lower dome

AXIS Outdoor Vandal Fusion Dome Offers vandal resistant protection in a compact

size Heater and blower for outdoor use Made from durable cast aluminum

Axis Fusion Dome - Pricing

Product Name Part Number MSRPAXIS Outdoor Fusion Dome 21893 $649.00

AXIS Indoor Fusion Dome 21894 $379.00

AXIS Outdoor Vandal Fusion Dome 21895 $849.00

AXIS Indoor Recessed Enclosure 21898 $199.00

AXIS 290B Network Camera Housing

IP 65 classified – Protected against dust and heavy rain

Axis network cameras supported AXIS 2120 Network Camera AXIS 2420 Network Camera AXIS 2110 Network Camera

Temperature range -4° F to +108° F Integral tamper proof wall mounting

bracket. Integrated sunshield 1 year limited warranty

AXIS 290B - Pricing

Product Name Part Number MSRPAXIS 290B Network Camera Housing 0195-004 $399.00

AXIS 2120 Outdoor 290B Bundle 8014-004-01 $1,199.00

AXIS 2420 Outdoor 290B Bundle 8015-004-01 $1,499.00

* Bundled products are not pre-assembled.

Q & A

Questions and Answers

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

CCTV Demystified

CCTV

Closed

Circuit

Tele

Vision

ClosedClosed

Video

Video is Latin and means“I can see”

A human eye will consider 16 frames per second to be ”real time” video

A CCTV system provides up to 30 frames per second

Basic CCTV Systems

Switch

Alarm I/O Monitor

VCR / Time Laps

Cameras

Transmission Medium

Wired Coax – 75 ohm

RG 59 – 300 meter RG 11 – 500 meter

Twisted-pair 2-wire twisted – 1000 meter

Fiber-optics Single mode or Multi-mode fiber Long distance – >10,000 meter

Wireless Laser link Microwave Radio link

Fields and Frames

Each frame of video information ismade up of 2 fields

135

621623625

Field 1 - odd Field 2 - even

Frame

24

620622624

135

621623625

Field 1 - odd Field 2 - even

Frame

24

620622624

TV Standards

NTSC – National Television System Committee

First standard 1953 525 horizontal lines 60 fields/sec = 30 frames/sec

TV Standards in Countries

http://www.alkenmrs.com/video/wwstandards1.html

http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Contrib/WorldTV/

The Video Signal Theory

Composite video The complete video includes all signals

Y/C video Y is the luminance signal C is the chroma signal Gives a better image quality

Resolution

Vertical resolution

Horizontal resolution Analog cameras 330-400 lines is normal – Low res >460 lines is good quality – High res

Resolution

Resolution measurement in the future Digital cameras 640x480 pixel 1280x1024 pixel

Lights

What is light? Eye vs CCD Natural light sources Artificial light sources

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Main Items in a CCTV System

A/D D/ADSP

CCTV Video Camera

Analog B&W or color 1/4”, 1/3” or 1/2” CCD

Camera Lens

Basic lens types Manual iris Automatic iris

Lens function Fixed focal length Varifocal length Zoom lens

Lens / chip size 1/3” 1/2”

Mounting standards CS-mount C-mount

Domes

A Dome camera combines the design elegance of a dome enclosure, color camera, a fast pan and tilt mechanism and an environmental enclosure

The result is an “all-in-one” product

The trend has been very clear the last years:

Fewer pan and tilt devices and more Domes

Video Monitors

A monitor is very similar to a standard television set, however, it lacks the electronics to pick up regular television, the tuner

Monochrome – up to 1000 lines Color – up to 800 lines

Market different between plastic-cased monitors and metal-cased monitors

Video Recorders

Time lapse VCR A special slow recording VCR Max 540,000 images (VHS standard) Up to 960 hours on a single VHS tape Controllable via RS-232

VCR with DAT

Digital Video Recorder (DVR)

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Control Devices in CCTV

Video Switchers

Units that provide automated as well as manual switching of full screen images

Larger units will normally also provide an ability to control dome cameras and PTZ’s

When one camera is on selected for recording, the other cameras are NOT being recorded at all

Video Multiplexers

Multiplexer units are high-speed switchers that provide full-screen images from up to 16 cameras

Available in two models Simplex Duplex

Normally also provide the ability for viewing multiple cameras in 2x2, 4x4 etc

Quads

A quad sends up to four cameras to the monitor and to the recorder at the same time, each camera gets a quarter of the monitor

All of the information from each camera gets recorded but ONLY in small quarter-screen clarity

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Accessories

Housings

Outdoor Indoor Aluminium and plastic common Blower, heater optional Housings for special applications

Process industry Explosion proof

Pan and Tilt Head

A normal camera can be placed on pan and tilt devices which will allow the camera to be moved up, down, left and right from a remote location

A zoom lens will allow a closer view

In- and outdoor version

Infrared (IR) Illuminator

IR light can not be seen by human eye IR sensitive B&W cameras can see in

darkness with IR light Illuminators exist in two versions

Lamp-based LED-versions

Distance to the object 20W 10-15m 300W 80-120m

Q & A

Questions and Answers

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Lenses & Filters

Compression CPU

Flashmemory

DRAM

EthernetInterface

Camerafunctions

Lens Optical filter Image sensor

Lens and Optical Filter in a Camera

Filters - IR Filter

Filters the infrared light invisible for the human eye but visible for cameras

Transmission curve (Example)

20

0

40

60

80

100

300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100

I/RVisible light

IRRadar TV Sound Radio

Radio WavesYRays

XRays

UV

300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Wavelength

Wavelength in nanonmetres

Filters - Optical Low Pass Filter

Splits the incoming light

Improves color representation

Filters – Example: Without Optical Low Pass Filter

Filters – Example: With Optical Low Pass Filter

The Lens

Focal length

IrisMountLens

element

Angle of View

Same as “field of view”

What the camera with a given lens can “see”

Horizontal, vertical or diagonal

Horizontal Angle ofView (HOV)

Vertical Angle of View(VOV)

Lenses - Focal length

A small focal length gives wide angle view

A large focal length gives tele view

Focal point

Focal length

Lenses – Calculating the Focal Length

Which focal length is needed for the application?

Calculating the focal length (f): f = h * D / H

D f

I

Lenses – Depth of Field

The regions in front of and behind the focus point where the image remains in focus

Focus point

Lenses - Aperture

F number f1.0 f1.2 f1.4 f1.7 f2.8 f4.0 f5.6

% of light passed

20% 14.14% 10% 7.07% 2.5% 1.25% 0.625%

F2

F5.6

F16

00

5'1.5m

10'3m

15'4.5m

20'6m

25'7.5m 8

8

Lenses – Lens Iris

Opening in the lens that controls the amount of incoming light that reaches the image sensor

A wire between the camera and the lens is needed with an automatic iris lens.

Lenses - Lens Elements

A lens contains several lens elements

Aspherical elements reduces distortion

Spherical lens element

Image plane

Aspherical lens element

Image plane

Lenses- Mount Standards

C-mount Lens

17.526 mm

CS-mount Lens

12.5 mm

5 mm spacer

CS-mount 12.5mm from camera edge to sensor

C-mount 17.5mm from camera edge to sensor Conversion C to CS is possible

Lenses – Sensor Dependency

Horizontal

Vertical

Image Size

Image Circle

Image Size

The lens must make an image circle large enough to cover the sensor

Larger sensor = more expensive lens

The size (e.g. 1/3”) can not be measured anywhere - corresponds to old TV camera tubes

Low end lenses produce unsharp corners

Lenses - Resolution

A typical CCTV lens has a resolution of 100 lines/mm

1611864.5

1"

1/4" 1/3" 1/2"2/3"

1"1/4" 1/3" 1/2" 2/3"

Lab Exercise

1. Field of view calculation

Lenses – Types: Wide Angle

Focal point

Short focal length

Large angle of view Good in low light Good depth of field

“Barrel” distortion Not for long

distances

Lenses – Types: Wide Angle Image Example

Example of barrel distortion & missing optical low pass filter

Lenses – Types: Telephoto

Focal point

Long focal length

Good on long distance

No barrel distortion

Shallow (small) depth of field

Bad in low light

Lenses – Types: Vari-focal

The focal length can be adjusted Needs refocusing after focal length adjustment Less precision needed in focal length calculation

Lenses – Types: Zoom

Zoom – the focal length can be adjusted with maintained focus Often motorized

Special Lenses – Fish Eye

Extremely wide angle (~180 deg) lenses are called “fish eye lenses”

Lenses – Example: Fisheye Image

A fish eye lens on a high resolution camera can work as a pan/tilt/zoom camera

Exit pupil is 1-3mm Can be either low end $1 lenses or high

end >$500 lenses

Special Lenses – Pin Hole

Q & A

Questions and Answers

Agenda

Overview – (1:00pm – 4:00pm)

Designing IP-Surveillance solutions

AXIS Camera Station

Axis product roadmap

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Designing IP-Surveillance Solutions

The Basics

In some ways similar to analog: What do we need to monitor? When do we need to monitor it? How many cameras are needed to cover? How much video do we need to transfer? How much video do we need to save? Do we need to identify or detect?

What do we need to monitor?

Define the scene(s) Lighting conditions Distances Angle of view needed High traffic or low traffic

When do we need to monitor it?

Same need to monitor day/night/weekend?

Schedule the needs for every “scene”

How many cameras are needed to cover?

Which types of cameras are needed? Light sensitivity? Video quality? Which type of lens? Speed? PTZ? IO needs?

How much video do we need to transfer?

30 fps transferred around the clock?

How much video do we need to save?

30 fps saved around the clock?

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

The Network

LAN/WAN Inventory

Congestion level of current LAN

Congestion level of current WAN links

Schedule of congestion levels

Redundancy of WAN links

Network (LAN)

New network or existing infrastructure?

The answer might be in the needs discussed earlier

New Network (LAN)

Speed? 100 Mbit/s switches 1 Gbit/s Backbone

10/100/1000Switch

100 Mbit/s

10/100/1000Switch

100 Mbit/s

Recording Server

1000 Mbit/s

Monitoring station

New Network (LAN)

Guidelines: Calculate 30% extra capacity Avoid cross-use with public (parallel) network

as long as possible

New Network (WAN)

Share WAN links with the public network?

Extra links needed for redundancy?

Distributed storage needed?

Existing Network (LAN)

Possible at all?

Existing Network (LAN)

“Mixed mode” Separate network for backbone/main

installation, public network where needed

VLAN A “logical” way to separate the surveillance

network from the public

QoS Ensure the available bandwidth for surveillance

equipment on the public network

Existing Network (WAN)

Use VPN’s? (compare with VLAN’s)

Distributed storage?

Nightly transfers of recorded material?

Conclusions

The basics still apply Do a thorough inventory of the needs

High performance infrastructure equipment is dropping in price/usage complexity

Avoid “free” sharing with public networks

VLANS, QoS, VPN’s are excellent tools for a surveillance network

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Cases

Internet

LAN 10/100 Mbit/S

Case 1:Shop4 cameras , local recording, remote view

PC in the shoprunning surveillance SW Remote PC

ADSL Router

Remote PC

Network cameras

Internet

LAN 10/100 Mbit/S

Case 2: House

2 indoor cameras and 2 outdoor cameras. Alarm sensors, only view and alarms

Remote PC Wireless ADSLRouter

Remote PC

AXIS 2120 Network CamerasMounted in outdoor casing connected through wireless bridge and external antenna

Alarm sensors

Case 3: An Office

6 indoor cameras, programmed recording. Director recording and operator view. In a local area network

Director PC running AXIS Camera Recorder

Operator PC running AXIS Camera Explorer

LAN

AXIS 205

Case 4: Industrial

LAN

4 x Axis 2120

4 x Axis 2130

4 x Axis 2420IR

4 outdoor cameras with night view, 4 indoor PTZ cameras, 4 fixed indoor cameras. Programmed recording, view for the security guard.

Director PC running AXIS Camera Recorder

Operator PC running AXIS Camera Explorer

Case 5: Retail Shops

1 fixed camera and 1 PTZ Camera, for each shop. Only view.

Internet

LAN 10/100 Mbit/S

Router

AXIS 205 AXIS 2130

Remote PC running AXIS Camera Explorer

InternetLAN

Case 6: Nursery 3 indoor cameras and 1 outdoor camera (external play zone). No recording. Access via web.

RouterAXIS 205

PC with Internet Explorer

Web Server

AXIS 2110 & AXIS 290B

Internet

LAN

Case 7: Construction

2 outdoor fixed cameras. View and remote recording (low amount of fps)

Router

Operator PC running AXIS Camera Recorder

AXIS 2120 & AXIS 290B Bundle

Case 8: Sports Installation (golf, seaport, skiing,)

3 outdoor fixed cameras

Router

PC with Internet Explorer

AXIS 2120 & 290B Bundle

Internet

LAN

LAN 10/100 Mbit/S

Case 9: An Office

6 access controls with audio, 3 indoor cameras

PC running AXIS Camera Explorer

PC running Internet ExplorerAXIS 205

AXIS 2100 Network Cameras & AXIS 2191 Audio Modules

Q & A

Questions and Answers

Lab Exercise

1. Designing an IP-Surveillance solution

Demonstration

AXIS Camera Station

. . . M A K E Y O U R N E T W O R K S M A R T E R

Axis Road Map

roadmap.ppt DE 031119

Getting Ready for the Next Step

2004200019981996

New Generation

AXIS 200( NetEye )

AXIS 2100AXIS 2400

AXIS 200+AXIS 240

100.000 soldAXIS 2100

Recent Launches

New Generation Products AXIS 241Q/S Video Servers AXIS 210 Network Camera

Accessories AXIS 290B Network Camera Housing AXIS IR Illuminator AXIS Fusion Dome

Products in Final R&D

Products in final R&D

AXIS 241Q/S Blade AXIS 211 Network Camera AXIS 206W Network Camera AXIS 206M Network Camera

AXIS 241S/Q Blades

1 channel (S) or 4 channel (Q) 120 / 100 frames per second Motion-JPEG Built-in video motion detection Event management External I/O Watch dog IP adress filtering Serial ports

AXIS 211 Network Camera

1/3” Progressive Scan Sony HAD CCD

Backlight Compensation CS Mount Vari-focal DC iris lens 30 FPS for all resolutions

up to 640x480 MJPEG-MPEG4 Upgrade VMD June 2004

AXIS 206W Network Camera

Advanced ¼ CMOS Progressive Scan Sensor

802.11b MJPEG 3-10,000 lux No Ethernet! USB June 2004

AXIS 206M Network Camera

Advanced ½ CMOS Progressive Scan Sensor

Megapixel 1280x1024 at 12FPS

MJPEG 10-10,000 lux 10/100 BaseT HDTV widescreen format

(16:9) June 2004

Q & A

Questions and Answers