b4 revision questions - wordpress.com · c2 revision cards answer 10 •when a fluid gets heated it...

C2 Revision cards

C2 Revision Questions

C2 Revision cards

Question 1

• What are the three main parts of the Earth?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 1 of 50

• Crust,

• Mantle

• Core

C2 Revision cards

Question 2

• What are the three different types of rock?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 2

• Igneous,

• Metamorphic,

• Sedimentary

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 3

Which types of rocks are the hardest and which are the softest? Explain why

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 3

• Igneous are hardest as they have interlocking crystals.

• Sedimentary is softest

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 4

List 3 negatives of quarries

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 4

• Dust pollution,

• damaged landscape,

• noise from explosions and machinery,

• increased number of lorries

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 5

• What is concrete made from?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 5

• Cement, sand, gravel and water

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 6

What are tectonic plates?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 6

• Large parts of the lithosphere that move across the mantle

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 7

• Give two reasons why people live near volcanoes

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 7

• Fertile soil

• no eruptions for a long time

• Most volcanic eruptions not that dangerous

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 8

• Which igneous rocks have the largest crystals?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 8

• Intrusive igneous rock (they slowly cool inside the volcano)

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 9

• What can you do to a quarry once the stone has been removed?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 9

• Cover with soil and plant grass,

• fill with water for lake used for fishing and sailing,

• fill with rubbish for landfill.

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 10

• Describe what a convection current is

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 10

• When a fluid gets heated it becomes less dense as the particles move apart. The fluid moves up when hot and sinks when cold, then being pulled inwards to replace rising fluid.

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 11

• How are igneous rocks made?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 11

• Molten rock cooled down

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 12

• Name three rocks that can be used for building materials

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 12

• Limestone,

• Marble,

• Granite

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 13

• Which is concrete stronger from, compression or tension?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 13

• Compression

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 14

• Name a use of copper

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 14

• Electrical wires

• Coins

• Cooking pans

• Water pipes

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 15

• How do we remove copper from its ore?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 15

• Heat it with carbon (a reduction reaction)

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 16

• What happens when you heat calcium carbonate?

• What type of reaction is this?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 16

• Breaks down into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.

• Thermal decomposition

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 17

• How can concrete be reinforced?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 17

• Putting steel rods in the concrete

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 18

• How are sedimentary rocks made?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 18

• Sediments of rocks compressed under the weight of other rocks

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 19

• What is subduction?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 19

• When one tectonic plate is pushed below another

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 20

• What is the name for the outer layer of the Earth?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 20

• Crust/ lithosphere

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 21

• How are metamorphic rocks made?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 21

• Sedimentary or igneous rocks put under a lot of heat and pressure

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 22

• Name three positives to quarries

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 22

• Creates jobs,

• Provides raw materials for building,

• improves economy

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 23

• What is the symbol equation for the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 23

• CaCO3→CaO +CO2

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 24

• Why do we recycle copper?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 24

• Cheaper than extracting it from the ore

• Saves resources – no need for copper mines

• Saves energy – electrolysis of impure copper takes a lot of energy

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 25

• How is cement made?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 25

Limestone is heated with clay

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 26

Name a disadvantage of using high temperature and pressure in the Haber process?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 26

• High costs of equipment – pipes and fittings have to be made of stronger steel

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 27

• What are the optimum conditions for the Haber process?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 27 .... of 50

• Pressure - 200 atmosphere

• Temperature – 450oC

• Iron catalyst

C2 Revision cards

Question 28

• What does increasing the pressure achieve in the Haber process?

• What does increasing the temperature achieve in the Haber process?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 28

• Increasing pressure increases the yield

• Increasing temperature decreases the yield but increases the rate

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 29

• Name 3 advantages of aluminium compared to steel

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 29

• Less dense,

• does not corrode,

• more malleable.

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 30

• Name 3 things you could do to prevent a material corroding?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 30

• Paint it, cover it in oil, seal it from oxygen and water

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 31

• When electrolysis is used to purify copper, which electrode is the impure copper connected to and which electrode is the purer copper connected to?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 31

• Anode = Impure

• Cathode = Pure

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 32

• What does corrode mean?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 32

• To lose strength due to chemical attack

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 33

• What two ingredients are needed for the Haber process? Where do we get these from?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 33

• Hydrogen (from crude oil or natural gas) and Nitrogen (from the air)

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 34

• What will affect the cost of ammonia?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 34

• labour,

• reaction vessels,

• energy,

• reactants,

• speed of reaction,

• Pollution control.

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 35

• What is the electrolyte when electrolysis is used to purify copper?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 35

• Copper sulfate

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 36

• What is a catalyst?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 36

• A material that increases the rate of a reaction but remains chemically unchanged itself.

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 37

• What is meant by a reversible reaction?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 37

• A reaction that can go in both directions

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 38

• What is the word and balanced symbol equation for the Haber process?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 39 .... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 40

• Give an example of a smart material and its use

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 40

• Nitinol (nickel and titanium). Bends then goes back to original shape when heated

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 41

• What is the advantage of universal indicator over litmus paper?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

• Tells you how acidic/alkaline something is according to scale

……..of 50Answer 41

C2 Revision cards

Question 42

• What is an alloy? Give an example

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 42

• A mixture of a metal with another metal or with carbon.

• Examples - Steel, amalgam, brass, solder, bronze

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 43

• Complete the equation: Hydrochloric acid + Sodium Hydroxide

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 43

• Sodium chloride + water

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 44

• What two things are always made in a neutralisation reaction?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 44

• Water and a salt

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 45

• What is a nitrogenous fertiliser? Give two examples

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 45

• Fertiliser containing nitrogen-

• Ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question46

• What do we use ammonia for?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 46

• Fertilisers,

• explosives,

• nitric acid (for fertilisers)

• cleaners.

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 47

• What is eutrophication?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 47

• Nitrate or phosphate from fertilisers run off in to lake

• Dissolved fertilisers make algae grow on the surface of the water

• Sunlight cannot reach plants, which stop producing oxygen

• Plants at bottom of lake die, aerobic bacteria use up the oxygen in the water

• Fish die due to lack of oxygen

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 48

• How is chlorine extracted from salt water (brine)?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 48

• Electrolysis of salt water

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 49

• What are the 3 essential elements plants need?

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 49

• Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Question 50

• Name 2 ways we can extract salt from the Earth

.... of 50

C2 Revision cards

Answer 50

• Mining rock salt (underground cutting machines)

• Pump water in to a drilled borehole. The water dissolves the salt and is pumped to the surface. The water is then evaporated leaving solid table salt.

.... of 50