background on concessions best practice anna spenceley

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Integrating sustainability: Global and regional experience

Anna Spenceley

20 March 2012, Girrasol Indy, Maputo

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What is sustainability?ECONOMIC

SOCIALENVIRONMENT

1) Make optimal use of environmental resources

2) Respect the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities

3) Ensure viable, long-term economic operations, providing socio-

economic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributed

ILO, 2011

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What is sustainability?ECONOMIC

SOCIALENVIRONMENT

1) Make optimal use of environmental resources

2) Respect the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities

3) Ensure viable, long-term economic operations, providing socio-

economic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributed

ILO, 2011 USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logo

Economic sustainability

� Destination: � regarding wildlife resources, safety and accessibility

� 1 hour from a local airport with reasonable international connections

� Value: � Competitive pricing considering design, facilities, location, wildlife

resources, and services compared to similar destinations

� Interpretation and Activities: � unique wildlife species to be observed

� interesting activities available

� quality guiding and interpretation

� Management capacity: � ability to manage marketing, finances,

logistics, human resources, etc efficiently

� Access to capital:� financing structures that allow for longer term

return on investment are the most beneficial.

ElperWood et al 2003

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Economic sustainability

ILO, 2011 USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logo

Economic sustainability: Factors important to

holidaymakers when choosing a holiday

TUI, 2010

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What is sustainability?ECONOMIC

SOCIALENVIRONMENT

1) Make optimal use of environmental resources

2) Respect the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities

3) Ensure viable, long-term economic operations, providing socio-

economic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributed

ILO, 2011 USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logo

De-

commissioning

Waste disposal

Remediation

Planning

Location

Design

Footprint

Access

Construction

Materials

Waste

Footprint

Operation

Activities

Water use &

disposal

Energy

Materials

Waste

Environmental sustainability

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Environment & Planning

• Project design • Location – sensitive sites• Design standards - siting, design compatibility,

aesthetics, impact reduction re ecological and cultural values (design to minimize negative effects on site and surrounding areas)

• Design for operation – wastewater, water use, energy conservation. Build in energy conservation technology

• Access – by road, air, water and implications• Planning requirements – Environmental Impact

Assessment

Adapted from Ted Manning, Tourisk Inc

USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logoMakalali, South Africa

.

© Anna Spenceley, 2007 © Anna Spenceley, 2007

Environment & infrastructure

� Traditional design and techniques

� Use of environmental technologies (e.g. natural

light/cooling; energy efficient appliances; water

conservation)

� Training for artisans / thatchers

/ carpenters

� Sustainable materials

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Biodiversity & facilities

Pankhurst, cited in

Tapper et al, 2008 USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logo

Biodiversity & land management

Sabi Sabi, South Africa

Bushmans Kloof, South Africa

Spenceley, 2007

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USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logoDrakensberg Mountains,

South Africa Masaai mara, Kenya

The type of environmental impact depends on the

sensitivity of the habitat to impacts.

Biodiversity & activities

Spenceley, 2007USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logo

Energy

Typical electrical

use breakdown for

a coastal resort

Spenceley et al,

2011

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Energy saving technologies

De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa

Spier, South Africa

Spenceley, 2007

Energy saving light bulbs,

with daylight-sensors for use outdoors – save energy

Solar panels can be used to heat water and power lights

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Waste

ReduceRe-useRecycle

Spenceley, 2007;

Spenceley et al, 2011

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Water

Spier, South Africa

Kruger National Park, South Africa

Spenceley, 2007 USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logo

Environmental EducationWatamu, Kenya

Phinda Private Game Reserve, South Africa

Hluhluwe,

South Africa

Environmental education helps tourists learn a lot about the

places they are visiting

– and how to look after it.

Spenceley, 2007

4

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What is sustainability?ECONOMIC

SOCIALENVIRONMENT

1) Make optimal use of environmental resources

2) Respect the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities

3) Ensure viable, long-term economic operations, providing socio-

economic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributed

ILO, 2011 USAID/SPEED logo Technoserve logo

Social and cultural sustainability

� Planning and development – consultation

with stakeholders

� Equity structure – involvement of local people

� Culture integrated within design, activities

and procurement

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Protected Area Stakeholders

Adapted from ILO, 2011

Protected Area .Natural

attractions

Tourism concession

Farmers

Community .

Cultural

attractions and

activitiesSmall Medium and

Micro Enterprises

External

activities

Tour operators

Community

based

organisations

Government and authorities

Traditional

authorities

National government

Local government

Conservation

authoritiesTourism facilities

Tourists

Non-governmental

Organisations

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Partnerships, risks and requirements

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Culture in accommodationSpenceley, 2005

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Cultural tours

Spenceley, 2005

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Culture in craft

Spenceley, 2005

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Presentations

Concessions and sustainability in

Chimanimani: Ndzou Camp and MICAIA

Andrew Kingman

Concessions and business sustainability in

Mozambique: Banhine, Zinave, & Banamana

Dave Law

Concessions and sustainability in southern

Africa: Wilderness Safaris

Sue Snyman

Maximizing local linkages into the Tourism

(the value chain – “the trickledown effect”)

Manuel Mutimucuio