birds 10 1 dimitrova stamatova kalinov
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Domain: EukaryotaKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: Chordata
Class: AvesDimitrova, Tanya
Stamatova, ZhanetKalinov, Dimiter
10/1
• Name: “Ave” – “bird” /Spanish, Portuguese/– “hail” /Latin/
• Symmetry: bilateral• Chadogram
– 150 million years ago– Dinosaurs – “Archaeopteryx”– Most closely related: mammals– Ancestor birds + human = 270 million years ago
[2], [11], [16]
– Vertebrate– TetrapodTetrapod
bipedal + forelimbs
– Endothermic (four chambered heart)
– Unique digestive and respiratory systems
– Egg-laying – Strong skeleton
[2], [10]
• Male - two testes • Female - ovaries
• Most birds - no phallusphallus• male + female cloacaecloacae • in female - sperm is stored
from one week up to a year• egg - laid + incubationincubation• parents feed young birds,
learn them to fly
[1], [2], [3]
Bill Mouth (no teeth) Tongue Pharynx EEsophagussophagusCCroprop
Stomach (proventriculusproventriculus and gizzardgizzard) Intestines RectumRectum Cloacae
• Types of Birds: Diurnal; Nocturnal; Repuscular• Strategy: peck, attack, scavengers…• Food – great variety -nectar, fruit, plants, seeds, small animals
[2], [4], [12]
• Wings and tail • Light skeleton • Fast digestion• Water birds
– webbed-swimming feet
• What is flying?• How do birds lift?• Where does air pass?• What is drag?• Do all birds fly?
[8], [14]
Sphenisciformes (Penguins)
Galliformes(Fowl)
Falconiformers(Raptors)
Habitat - southern hemisphere - about 10 species -
temperate zone- one species - near the
equator
- forests, deserts, cultivated lands, alpine meadows, etc
- temperate, tropical, terrestrial
- every kind of land habitat - forests, grasslands, deserts, mountains, etc
Range - 17 and 20 living species - about 70 genera ,over 250 species
- nearly worldwide distribution
- 290 species of birds - falcons, eagles, hawks and allies
Food habits - squids, krill, and fish - eat a variety of plant and animal material
- Hunting birds, meat - eaters
MoreInfo
- wings – flippers - chicken-like in appearance - small to large bodies and blunt-wings
- sharply hooked beak with a cere - long and broad wings
- strong legs and feet; raptorial claws
[6], [7], [9], [13]
- Fastest running bird – ostrich, but it cannot fly- Only known poisonous bird - hooded pitohui of
Papua, New Guinea- Only wingless bird – kiwi of New Zealand- Most common bird - chicken
– At any given time, there are anywhere between one and two billion living birds on the planet.
[5], [15]
Works Cited• <http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/avianreproduction.html>. [1]• <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds>. [2]• <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_anatomy>. [3]• <http://www.backyardnature.net/birdguts.htm>. [4]• <http://birds.about.com/od/livingwithabird/a/birdfacts.htm>. [5]• <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falconiformes>. [6]• <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galliformes>. [7]• <http://bio.edu.ee/animals/Linnud/lialgus.htm>. [8]• <http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/
Galliformes.html>. [9]• <http://www.biologyreference.com/Ar-Bi/Bird.html>. [10]• <http://www.dhushara.com/book/unraveltree/life4CK.jpg>. [11]• <http://animals.about.com/od/birdsastudyguide/a/introtobirds.htm>. [12]• <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penguins>. [13]• <http://www.earthlife.net/birds/flight.html>. [14]• <http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=15+1794&aid=179>. [15]• <http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/comdesc/images/phylo.gif>. [16]
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