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Name: Student ID:
MCQ questions and answers for
BMS 2
THESE PRACTICE ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS ARE PROVIDED FOR YOUR OWN SELF-DIRECTED
STUDY SINCE YOU ARE NOT PARTICIAPTING IN THE RESEARCH PROJECT
Week 2 Cell injury and acute inflammation
1 Which of the following is characterised by the activation of caspases?
A ApoptosisB NecrosisC Acute inflammatory responseD Tissue regeneration
Correct Answer A
2 Which of the following is not true of acute inflammation?
A The formation of a fluid exudate allows the dilution of toxins.B The fluid exudate has a protein content of 1g/100ml.C The fluid exudate contains immunoglobulins.D The fluid exudate contains fibrin.
Correct Answer B
3 Which of the following is not a cause of cell injury?
A Mechanical traumaB SmokingC Microbial agentsD Apoptosis
Correct Answer D
4 Which of the following is true?
A Neutrophils release fibrin.B Neutrophils ingest micro-organisms by pinocytosis.C The C4b component of complement is chemotactic for neutrophils.D Neutrophils contain lysosomes.
Correct Answer D
5 Which type of necrosis is the most common?
A Coagulative B ColliquativeC CaseousD Fibrinoid
Correct Answer A
6 Which of the following is true?
A Acute inflammation is associated with decreased vascular permeability.B Endothelial cells contract in response to chemical mediators of acute inflammation. C Blood flow decreases at the site of acute inflammation.D The osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid decreases in acute inflammation.
Correct Answer B
Week 3 Introduction to immunity
1 Which of the following is a type of monocyte found in tissues?
A BasophilB Dendritic cellC FibroblastD Macrophage
Correct Answer D
2 Which of the following conditions results from Type I hypersensitivity?
A Arthus reactionB Myasthenia gravisC Autoimmune haemolytic anaemiaD Anaphylaxis
Correct Answer D
3 T-lymphocytes mature into T-cells in:
A The blood streamB Bone marrowC The thyroid glandD The thymus
Correct Answer D
4 Which of the following represents the mature progeny of B-cells?
A Myeloid cellB Natural killer cellC NeutrophilD Plasma cell
Correct Answer D
5 Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?
A Barrett oesophagusB Myasthenia gravisC Systemic lupus erythematosusD Addison disease
Correct Answer A
6 An anaphylactoid reaction may be brought about by:
A Anaesthetic induction agentsB PeanutsC Wasp venomD Antibiotics
Correct Answer A
Week 4 Repair and regeneration
1 Which cell type is most commonly seen in tissue undergoing chronic inflammation?
A Mast cellsB Polymorphonuclear leukocytesC LymphocytesD Platelets
Correct Answer C
2 Which of the following cells are effectively unable to regenerate ?
A Labile cellsB Stable cellsC Permanent cellsD Stem cells
Correct Answer C
3 Pathological or physiological cellular or organ shrinkage is termed:
A AtrophyB FibrosisC HyperplasiaD Hypertrophy
Correct Answer A
4 Chronically diminished blood supply to a tissue will lead to:
A Metaplasia.B Dystrophy.C Hyperplasia.D Atrophy.
Correct Answer D
5 Which of the following describes the increase in skeletal muscle in athletes as a response to increased muscle activity?
A Physiological hypertrophyB Physiological hyperplasiaC Pathological hypertrophyD Pathological hyperplasia
Correct Answer A
6 Renewal of lost tissue in which the lost cells are replaced by identical ones is termed:
A OrganisationB QuiescenceC RegenerationD Restitution
Correct Answer C
Week 5 Micro-organisms and health
1 This infection is transmitted predominantly by the faecal oral route:
A InfluenzaB CholeraC ErysipelasD Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Correct Answer B
2 Clostridium botulinum, a rare but important cause of food poisoning, causes illness because it produces:
A An aggressin B An exotoxin C EndotoxinD Immune complexes
Correct Answer B
3 An example of a disease whose manifestations are caused mainly by the host response to infected cells, rather than the micro-organism itself or one of its components, is:
A Tuberculosis (infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
B Tetanus (infection with Clostridium tetani)
C Cholera (infection with Vibrio cholerae)
D Gram-negative bloodstream infection (e.g. E. coli bacteraemia)
Correct Answer A
4 Pathogenicity is best defined as:
A The capability of micro-organism to become established in/on a host
B The capability of micro-organism to cause harm to a host
C The capability of micro-organism to be transmitted from one host to another
D The capability of micro-organism to survive in a hostile environment
Correct Answer B
5 Which of the following genera contains the bacteria responsible for gonorrhoeae?
A Clostridia B NeisseriaC StreptococciD Staphylococci
Correct Answer B
6 Which of the following infections is least likely to be associated with infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
A Retinitis caused by the human cytomegalovirus (CMV retinitis)
B Diarrhoea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum (cryptosporidiosis)
C Oesophagitis caused by Candida albicans
D Erysipelas caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A βhaemolytic streptococcus)
Correct Answer D
Week 6 Vascular disease I
1 Which factor predisposes to the formation of venous thromboses?
A Long distance travelB Non smokersC Progesterone only pillD Marfan’s Syndrome
Correct Answer A
2 Amniotic fluid emboli:
A are associated with short labour time.B are always fatal C may be associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation.D travel in the circulation and lodge in the lung.
Correct Answer D
3 Which of the following may not be caused by atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries?
A Angina pectorisB ArrhythmiasC Aortic stenosisD Myocardial infarction
Correct Answer C
4 Which of the following cell types is least likely to be involved in atheroma formation?
A MacrophagesB FibroblastsC PlateletsD Lymphocytes
Correct Answer D
5 Atherosclerosis most often affects which of the following?
A Femoral arteriesB Abdominal aortaC Small pulmonary arteriesD Arteries of the left ventricle
Correct Answer B
6 The first inflammatory cells to appear at the site of a myocardial infarct are:
A EosinophilsB MacrophagesC NeutrophilsD Plasma cells
Correct Answer C
Week 7 Vascular disease II
1 Which of the following resting diastolic blood pressure measurements would be indicative of moderate hypertension?
A 85 mmHgB 95 mmHgC 110 mmHgD 120 mmHg
Correct Answer C
2 The commonest cause of right heart failure is?
A Pulmonary embolismB Cor pulmonaleC Left heart failureD Pulmonary valve stenosis
Correct Answer C
3 In malignant hypertension, where can early changes be detected?
A In the aorta B In the retinal arteriolesC In the renal arteriesD In the cerebral arteries
Correct Answer B
4 Which of the following is a common clinical presentation of heart failure?
A TirednessB HeadacheC FeverD Loss of consciousness
Correct Answer A
5 The early stages of hypertension are most commonly manifested by which of the following?
A cardiovascular diseaseB cerebral oedemaC few symptoms, if anyD renal disease
Correct Answer C
6 The risk of haemopericardium is greatest how long after an acute myocardial infarction?
A 1 HourB 1 DayC 1 WeekD 1 Month
Correct Answer C
Week 8 Tumour classification
1 The majority of rectal carcinomas are:
A CarcinoidsB AdenocarcinomasC Squamous cell carcinomasD Carcinosarcomas
Correct Answer B
2 Which of the following are referred to as carcinomas?
A Benign epithelial tumoursB Malignant epithelial tumoursC Benign mesenchymal tumoursD Malignant mesenchymal tumours
Correct Answer B
3 Which of the tumours listed below is an example of a tumour that may be composed of more than one germ cell type?
A squamous cell carcinomaB adenocarcinomaC teratoma D fibrosarcoma
Correct Answer C
4 The pre-invasive state of cervical squamous carcinoma is known as:
A CGINB CINC cervical hyperplasiaD endometrial hyperplasia
Correct Answer B
5 Dysplasia is best defined as:
A OvergrowthB UndergrowthC Disordered growthD Absence of growth
Correct Answer C
6 Which of the following is a benign smooth muscle tumour?
A RhabdomyomaB LeiomyomaC LipomaD Chondroma
Correct Answer B
Week 9 Biology of tumour cells
1 Familial adenomatous polyposis is associated with a mutational defect in which gene?
A APCB BRCA1C MLH1D p53
Correct Answer A
2 Matrix metalloproteinases are commonly associated with which of the following features of cancer?
A InvasionB InitiationC ImmortalityD Promotion
Correct Answer A
3 Which of the following tumours does not have an associated viral aetiology?
A Cervical cancerB Hepatocellular carcinomaC Gastric cancerD Burkitt’s lymphoma
Correct Answer C
4 Which of the following is not a tumour suppressor gene?
A RAS B TP53C RBD BRCA 1
Correct Answer A
5 Which of the following infectious agents is not thought to play an important role in carcinogenesis?
A Hepatitis B virusB Helicobacter pyloriC Human papilloma virusD Herpes simplex virus
Correct Answer D
6 A mutational defect in the TP53 gene is associated with which of the following cancer syndromes?
A Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancerB Li FraumeniC Familial retinoblastomaD Von Hippel-Lindau
Correct Answer B
Week 10 Behaviour of tumours
1 The correct TNM nomenclature for a carcinoma greater than 5cm in size, with a single nodal metastases and one distant metastasis would be:
A T1 N1 M1B T4 N2 M2C T3 N1 M1D T3 N2 M1
Correct Answer C
2 Which of the statements below is untrue?
A Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma has a worse prognosis than moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma
B Benign neoplasms never have life-threatening effectsC Benign tumours are usually well circumscribedD Seminoma is a malignant tumour of the testicular tissues
Correct Answer B
3 Tumour grading is based on the following histological features:
A Mitotic activity, nuclear pleomorphism, and lymph node involvementB Mitotic activity, tumour size, and basement membrane invasionC Differentiation, mitotic activity and nuclear pleomorphismD Invasiveness and mitotic activity
Correct Answer C
4 Which of the following statements is most accurate? Malignant tumours:
A always retain their original differentiated stateB remain localisedC invade surrounding tissueD do not spread to other parts of the body
Correct Answer C
5 Expression of the growth factor VEGF is associated with which feature of tumour cells?
A ImmortalityB InvasivenessC AngiogenesisD Resistance to negative growth factors
Correct Answer C
6 The Dukes staging system is used for which malignancy?
A ProstateB CervicalC BreastD Colorectal
Correct Answer D
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