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URDU AFSANE MEIN HAQEQAT PASANDI KA RUJHAAN-TAHQIQI-WA-TANQUEEDUAYEZA

(1960KEBAAD)

(Abstract of the Thesis) SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE

OF

Bottor of $I)tlosiopI)p IN

URDU

By

Md. Shaquib Anwer

Under the supervision of

Dr. Mohd. Ali Jauhar

DEPARTMENT OF URDU ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY

ALIGARH, U.P. (INDIA) 2011

#

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T7628

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URDU AFSANE MEIN HAQEQAT PASANDI KA RUJHAAN-TAHQIQI-WA-TANQUEEDIJAYEZA

(1960KEBAAD)

THESIS

SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

Boctot of $I)ilosiopI){> IN

URDU

By

Md. Shaquib Anwer

Under the supervision of

Dr. Mohd. AH Jauhar

DEPARTMENT OF URDU ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY

ALIGARH, U.P. (INDIA) 2011

T7628

V

m

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Centre of Advanced Study . , „^ ^, ^ ^ | I j f . j^l ^ T jiL-*, Department of Urdu . f, j ' Aligarh Muslim University a,i J AjJtii Aligarh - 202002 E-mail: deptturdu@gmail.com

Dated: 5.:r.2011

Certiiicate

^fiis is to certify that the thesis of

Mr.Mcf. SaquiS Jinwer entit'^ed "Vrdu Jlfsane Mein

Haqeqat (Pasancfi %a ^ijhaan~Ta.1qiqi~vM-^anqueedi

Jayeza (1960 ^e (Baa^P/' i^ an originaf xvor^ and it can

6e suSmittedfor the awamoftfie (phXD. degree.

(Prof, Mohd Zahid) (Dr. Mohd Ali Jauhar) Chairman Supervisor

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"Realism n. freedom from sentiment and

convention true representation of life (in

art and lit.)"

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"Literary Realism -

Literary realism most often refers to the

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*

"Realism (Arts) -

Realism in the visual arts and literature is

the depiction of subjects as they appear in

everyday life, without embellishment or

interpretation. The term also describes

works of art which, in revealing a truth,

may emphasize the ugly or sordid.

Realism often refers to the artistic

movement, which began in France in the

1850s. The popularity of realism grew

with the introduction of photography- a

new visual source that created a desire for

people to produce things that look

"objectively real."

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"Realism (Visual Arts)-

Realism in the visual arts is a style that

depicts the actuality of what the eyes can

see.

Realism as a tendency in 19th century art

was related to similar movements in the

theatre, l i terature and opera. All

emphasized the depiction of every

subjects "

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1. Realism, Damian Grant, London, 2nd Edition, 1974.

2. The New Century Handbook of English Literature, Edited by

ClasauceL-Bamlart, 1956.

3. The Oxford Compaion of French Literature, Sir Paul Harvey and

J.E. Hoseltine, 1961.

4. Dictionary of Literature, J. A. Cuddon, 1977.

5. Advanced 21st Century Dictionary, Dr. Abdul Haq, Farid Book

Depot, New Delhi, 2005.

6. Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia.

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