but i know what i like: abstraction is the key to automation

But I Know What I LikeAbstraction is the Key to Automation

(@dylanlacey -- Sauce Labs)

Preheat the oven to 375 Degrees

Cream 250g of butter and 1 cup of sugarin a mixing bowl

Mix in 2 cups of flour and 1 cup of milk,and combine

Mix in 2 tsp of vanilla extract

Pour into prepared tins and bake 1 hour

••

•

••

The Exhausting Reality

Set the Temperature Dial of the Oven to 375 Degrees Fahrenheit

Place 250g of butter into the bowl of a mixer

Place 1 cup of sugar into the same bowl

Turn the mixer onto “7”

Mix until the mixture is pale yellow

Turn the Mixer down to “1”

Add 2 cups of flour to the mixing bowl

Add 1 cup of milk to the mixing bowl

Allow the mixer to run until the mixture looks the same colour throughout

Add 2tsp of Vanilla to the mixing bowl

Mix in 2 cups of flour and 1 cup of milk, and combine

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

The Exhausting Reality

Set the Temperature Dial of the Oven to 375 Degrees Fahrenheit

Place a bowl on a scale

Turn the scale on by pressing the “on” button

Use a knife to cut a stick of butter into 100 slices

Place one slice into the bowl on the scale

Read the Scale

Continue to place slices of butter into the bowl until the scale reads ‘250g’

Open a container of sugar

Get a dry cup measure from the drawer

Scoop sugar from the container into the measuring cup until it reaches the topof the cup

Draw the back of a knife across the surface of the measuring cup, allowing theexcess sugar to fall back into the canister

Place the measuring cup on the counter

Take the mixer out of the cupboard

Place the mixer on the bench

Insert the square blade into the right hand blade hole on the mixer

Insert the round blade into the left hand blade hole on the mixer

The Exhausting Reality

Being Specific is Reliable

PFFT WHATEVER

You Have Questions.

Who is this loudmouth?

Why am I even listening to him?

What time is Morning Tea?

Gee I love bacon.

••••

Who is this guy?

What is he talkingabout?

What is a Good Abstraction?

How Abstraction makes for Automation

Abstraction of Scripts

Abstraction of Infrastructure

•

•

•

•

What AreAbstractions?

Good Abstractions Are:

Not “Leaky”

Understanding Enhancing

(For our purposes) Shareable

•••

Abstraction is TotesGreat

Set the Temperature Dial of the Oven to 375 Degrees Fahrenheit

Place a bowl on a scale

Turn the scale on by pressing the “on” button

Use a knife to cut a stick of butter into 100 slices

Place one slice into the bowl on the scale

Read the Scale

Continue to place slices of butter into the bowl until the scale reads ‘250g’

Open a container of sugar

Get a dry cup measure from the drawer

Scoop sugar from the container into the measuring cup until it reaches the topof the cup

Draw the back of a knife across the surface of the measuring cup, allowing theexcess sugar to fall back into the canister

Place the measuring cup on the counter

Take the mixer out of the cupboard

Place the mixer on the bench

Insert the square blade into the right hand blade hole on the mixer

Insert the round blade into the left hand blade hole on the mixer

The Exhausting Reality

Actually, screw cake.

Go to Chucks

Drink a Lowenbrau Dunkel

Take a shot of Tequila

Drink a White Rabbit Pale Ale

Take a sip of Natural Ice

Grimace and Skoll The Rest

Wash it out with a Stein ofWiheinstephaner

Sleep in a doorway

Experience Regret

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Go to Chucks

Drink a Lowenbrau Dunkel

Take a shot of Tequila

Drink a White Rabbit Pale Ale

Take a sip of Natural Ice

Grimace and Skoll The Rest

Wash it out with a Stein ofWiheinstephaner

Sleep in a doorway

Experience Regret

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Go to Chucks

Drink 4 Beers

Take a shot

Sleep in a doorway

Experience Regret

•

•

•

•

•

Abstraction for Scripts

Maintenance(Easier)

Creation(Faster) /

Abstraction forInfrastructure

Execution(Faster)

Maintenance(Easier) /

TESTINGIS ALREADY

ABSTRACTION

Abstraction forScripting

(2ish minutes of PageObjects)

PageObjects areAbstract

Methods for “Doin’ Stuff” on a page

Should return Page Objects when givingnew pages

Encapsulate functionality and providesingle-line access to tasks

Ruby has SitePrism, page_objects_gem

••

•

•

Abstraction forScripting

(15 minutes of Capybara)

Go to Chucks

Drink a Lowenbrau Dunkel

Take a shot of Tequila

Drink a White Rabbit Pale Ale

Take a sip of Natural Ice

Grimace and Skoll The Rest

Wash it out with a Stein ofWiheinstephaner

Sleep in a doorway

Experience Regret

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Go to Chucks

Drink 4 Beers

Take a shot

Sleep in a doorway

Experience Regret

•

•

•

•

•

That’s what Capybaradoes. No, really.

Capybara for Everyone!

Free, open source tool, widely used bythe Ruby Community

Able to run “headless” for JS-free testing

Able to use Selenium to drive browsers

•

••

Capybara Basics

find_xpath ‘//table tr’

find_css ‘table.tr.beer’find_field(‘mixer’).valuefind(#pantry).find(‘vermouth’)

•

•••

Capybara Basics

has_css? ‘#sobriety’has_xpath? ‘//table tr’has_content? ‘shaken’

•••

Capybara Basics

click_link ‘http://www.hendricksgin.com’click_button ‘skoll’click_on ‘blender’

•••

Capybara exact &match

Capybara.exact = true All future matches must be exact Default false -> Gin matches Gin and Tonic click_link(“jigger”, exact: true)

Capybara.match = prefer_exact Sets strategy for multiple matches Default ‘smart’, also one, first, prefer_exact click_link(“shout”, match: one)

Capybara with Forms

visit ‘/login’fill_in ‘first_name’, :with => “Dylan”fill_in ‘last_name’, :with => “Lacey”select(‘Ruby’), :from => “Languages”check ‘Awesome’attach_file(‘Beer’, ‘/Path/To/Beer’)

Scopes Save you fromSelector Hell

within ‘party’ do fill_in :pint, :with => “Kilkenny”end

find(‘#barfridge’).click_link ‘open’

Human Readable?

Human Readable.

Abstraction forScripting

(15 minutes of Cucumber)

Write Tests InEngl“ish”

(Technically it’s ‘gherkin’)

Scenario: I am Sober Given I am on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page When I enter "Old Fashioned" into the search box And I click the searchButton Then I should see "The Old Fashioned is an IBA Official Cocktail"

It’s not Magic

Features in Gherkin are implemented by‘step definitions’

You/r team write the step definitions

Step definitions can be any code

Step definitions can be many programminglanguages

•

•••

That feature SUCKED

Scenario: I am Sober Given I am on Wikipedia’s Main Page When I search for “Old Fashioned” Then I should see the “Old Fashioned” entry

Abstractions AllowMaintenance

Given there is a user JackAnd Jack owns a breweryAnd Jack has a paid accountAnd Jack enters his passwordAnd Jack enters his usernameWhen he logs inThen I should take a shot BRITTLE

BRITTLE

Abstractions AllowMaintenance

When A Brewer Logs InThen I should take a shot

AWESOME

Don’t Hide Too MuchBackgrounds => Steps run before each feature

background: Given Jack is a Brewer And Jack has not paid his bill

Scenario: Jack orders something delicious When Jack orders Woodford Reserve Then Jack sees “Shove Off”

Scenario: Jack orders something gross When Jack orders Tequila Then Jack sees “This time, but pay up!”

Cucumber meansmaking nice with

Developers

Developer Facts:

Developers get really involved in theirwork

We’re sorry about the time we got madat you for that one thing

Developers want the same thing youwant: Better Product

Y’all are as smart as them, if not smarter(don’t tell them I said that)

•

•

•

•

Sell to Developers:

You’re both focused on Customer Quality

You both want to do excellent work

“My Job is to make *YOU* look good”(Thanks, JeanAnn Harrison!)

•••

Test + Dev with Cuke

Work together to build good tests

Devs give step support and get tests anddiagnostics

Testers give expert advice and get flexibletools

You can use different dev & test languages

DANGER: Don’t let the devs make setup

••

•

••

Abstraction forInfrastructure

Execution(Faster)

Maintenance(Easier) /

Selenium requiresALL THE THINGS

Chrome, Safari, Opera,IE, Firefox

MULTIPLIED BY

Mac 10.8, WindowsXP/7/8, Linux, iOS?!

MULTIPLIED BY

Versions!

•

•

•

Make it someone else’sproblem

Selenium Grid

Virtual Machines

Third Party Services

•••

Selenium Grid

CHEAP EASY FAST

To ObtainTo Operate

To DistributeTo Parallelize

To SetupTo Deploy

(EC2)

(Abstract Browsers)

I <3 VMs

CHEAP EASY FASTTo Run

To ReplicateTo Share

To RestoreTo UpdateTo Backup

To DuplicateTo Setup

To Destroy

(Abstract Computers)

Why Not Both?

Easy Parallelization

Platforms you otherwise can’t support

Significantly lower staff & infrastructurecosts

•••

3rd Party Services

CHEAP EASY FASTCapacity

Xtra Features (?)Maintenance

Integration (?)Updating

Team Work (?)

Access To NewParalleling (?)

CI

(Abstract Solutions)

(?) = Dependant on Provider?

Selenium Grid+

3rd Party VMs=

Parallel Heaven

Bonus!

Abstraction forInfrastructure

Bonus!

Appium

Appium(Abstract ...Devices?!)

Native App Automation withSelenium

Any Selenium Webdriver ToolNo App modifications

Totally Free and Open Source!

(Mac client only ATM. Sorry >.>)

How to Appium

Download and Install Appium fromhttp://www.appium.io

Run Appium with your App

Write your tests using the SeleniumWebdriver JSON Subset:https://github.com/appium/appium/wiki/JSON-Wire-Protocol:-Supported-Methods

Run your tests

•

••

•

WAAAAA I Don’tHave a Mac!

Contributes to theAppium Project

Runs Appium in theirCloud

Is working onAndroid support

•

•

•

Questions?(@dylanlacey)

(dylan@saucelabs.com)

Resources

Play with Sauce Labs:

1000 Manual Minutes

200 Automated Minutes

Promo Code: TestLearnPlay (exp3/14)

Our Blog: http://www.sauceio.com

••••

•

Tools & Links

Capybara: https://github.com/jnicklas/capybara

Cucumber: http://cukes.info/

Appium: http://appium.io/

Supported methods: http://goo.gl/MiPcH

Ruby examples: http://goo.gl/uQGh5

Sauce Labs Sign Up: http://goo.gl/uBTXX

(Don’t forget to click ‘I Have a Promo

•••

•••

•