by evelyn stone, rn., bsn. m.ed.. brain disorder repeated convulsions there is an abnormal &...
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By
Evelyn Stone, RN., BSN. M.Ed.
Brain disorder
Repeated Convulsions
There is an abnormal & sudden change
in how the neurons send electrical signals
May develop at any time
2.5 million Americans
Each year in the US 300,000 people have a seizure for the 1st time
120,000 people are younger than 18
181,000 are diagnosed with a seizure disorder
Brain disease – some conditions affecting the brain may be present at birth
Develop later in lifeScar tissue in the brainHead InjuryStrokeBrain Tumor
Congenital - caused by the brain not developing normally before birth
Family history - genetic Infections - Bacteria & virusesEnvironmental – Toxins, carbon
monoxide,Lead
Depends on the part of the brain is affectedLasts a few seconds to a few minutesConfusionWide open eyes that may have a blank stareJerking of hands, legs, or faceStiff arms and legsLoss of consciousnessConstant lip smacking
Generalized – affect both sides of the brain
Lose consciousness Partial Seizures – Most common
Limited to a specific area on the brain
Lennox Gastaut - early onset of a common seizure type called minor motor seizures, myoclonic seizures, atypical absence seizures
Blood testsCT Scan A special x-ray to take pictures of
the brainEEG - paper tracing of the brainLumbar Puncture – spinal tapMRI – Magnetic Resonance ImagingPositron Emission Tomography Scan shows
the area of the brain causing the seizure
Anticonvulsant medicine – Dilantin, Depakote, Lamictal, Phenobarbital, Neurontin, & other medications.
Surgery
Vagus nerve stimulation A small device sends electrical energy to the brain through vagus nerve
Prevent injury Do not hold or tie the person down Turn the person on the side to prevent aspiration/choking Do not place anything in the person’s mouth Do not pour any liquids in the person’s mouth Do not try to force the teeth apart Stay with the person until the seizure ends Time the seizure Watch the type of movement the person is doing
Turn the person to the side
Treatment may cause unpleasant side effects
Seizure medication may cause slurred speech
RashFeverClumsinessDrowsiness
Call 911Place something soft under the
person’s headLoosen tight clothingStay with the person till the seizure
endsWatch the movement of the hands
Epilepsy Foundation (800) 332-1000
www.epilepsyfoundation.org
Community Epilepsy Support Group
Conclusion Remember Safety Time the seizure Know what meds the client is on Turn client to side to prevent aspiration Call 911 if the seizure is in doubt Notify the director Notify the legal guardian/parent Notify the “Q”
Conclusion
Document in the client’s chart the incident
Remember to document what you observed
To contact Instructor:
Evelyn Stone103 Sulley courtKnightdale, NC 27545
Email: stn_vlyn@yahoo.com(919) 261-0696 home(919) 268-1012 cell
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