by mr. v. calzada & mrs. swanson atoms, and static electricity

BY MR. V. CALZADA & MRS. SWANSON

Atoms, and Static Electricity

• circuit

• electric current.

• electromagnet

• resistance.

• electric charge.

• electric force.

• conductor.

• electric circuit

• insulator

• resistor.

Vocabulary

• A circuit is a closed path through which electricity travels.

• The flow of electric charges through a circuit is called an electric current.

• An electromagnet is made by passing an electric current through a wire that is wrapped around a metal object, such as a nail.

• Electric current does not pas easily through materials with high resistance.

• When an object gains or loses electrons, it has an electric charge.

• The attraction or repulsion between charges is called an electric force.

• Material that conducts electrons easily is called a conductor.

• An electric circuit is any path along which electrons can flow.

• An insulator is a material that doesn’t carry electrons.

• A material that resists the flow of electricity is called a resistor.

• An electromagnet is made by passing an electric current through a wire that is wrapped around a metal object, such as a nail.

Vocabulary

Atoms and Their Role in Electrical Energy

Atoms and Electricity

• Electricity is important.• It runs computers, televisions, radios, and appliances.

• It lights homes and streets.

• It produces lightning.

• Law of conservation of energy.• Electricity can be transformed into light, thermal, sound, and mechanical energy.

• Electric energy is produced by the movement of electrons.

• Electricity causes matter to move or to change.

Electric Energy

Atoms and Electricity• An atom is made of:• electrons – negative charge

• protons – positive charge

• neutrons – no charge.

• Protons and electrons are attracted to each other. (Opposite attract)• This is why electrons revolve around the nucleus of

the atom. They are attracted to the protons of an atom.

• Most matter has an equal number of protons and electrons.

• Sometimes electrons are attracted to the protons of another object and rub off.

Atoms and Electricity

• Sometimes electrons are attracted to the protons of another object and rub off.• Conductors such as metals allow

atoms to jump easily between them.

• Insulators like rubber, plastic, wood, Styrofoam, and glass hold on to their electrons.

• Useful website:

http://science.jrank.org/kids/pages/230/All-About-Electricity.html

Electric Charges & Forces• When an object gains or loses electrons, it

has an electric charge.• An object that has gained electrons has a

negative charge.• An object that has lost electrons has a

positive electric charge.• Matter that has an equal number of

protons and electrons has a neutral charge.

• When the attraction or repulsion between this charges is called an electric force.

• Charges of opposites types attract.• Positive charges attract to negative

charges.• Like charges repel each other.

• A negatively charged object repels a negatively charged object.

• A positively charged object repels a positively charged object.

• Useful website:

http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/electricity-magnetism-electromagnetism-tutorial

Electric Charges and Forces: Positive and Negative Charges Attract• Rubbing your feet across a carpet causes you

to lose electrons.

• You are now positively charged because you have more protons than electrons.

• Your body now attracts electrons.

• Reaching for a metal object like a door knob causes some electrons to jump to your body.

• As a result you feel a shock and may even see a small spark.

• This is called static electricity.

• This is also an example of potential energy turning into kinetic energy. • Electrons have stored potential energy when

they are not moving but when opposite charged objects come close enough the electrons can move to the other object as an example of kinetic energy.

Electric Forces: Positive and Negative Charges Attract

Static Electricity

Electric Forces: Opposite Charges Attract

Electric Forces: Opposite Charges Attract

Electric Forces: Charges of the Opposite Types Attract

Electric Forces: Positive and Negative Charges Attract

Electric Forces: Charges of the Same Type Repel

Electric Forces: Charges of the Same Type Repel

Electric Charges: Charges of the Same Type Repel

Electric Forces: Charges of the Same Type Repel

HAVE A GOOD DAY!

DON’T FORGET TO DO YOUR HOMEWORK!

Tomorrow we will talk about current electricity.