campus special event management presentation 2012 iaclea conference
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Security Planning & Management
for Campus Special Events
Steven HealyDr. Gary Margolis
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•About MH&A
•Legal Duties
•Research and Trends
•10 Essential Areas
•Event Management Basics
Agenda
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
While the precise contours of this duty will vary from state to state, institutions of higher education generally have a legal duty to:
Act reasonably to provide a campus environment that is reasonably safe from foreseeable general criminal activity by students, employees, or third parties
Legal Duties for Special Events
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•MH&A researched special event violence on campuses
•Analyzed 20-plus special events over a 5 year period (2005 – 2010)
•Uncovered trends and patterns
Research
Margolis, G., Healy, S., & Shtull, P. (2010): Special event management: Trends in violence on campus
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•High profile violent incidents at special events
•Celebratory riots at athletic events
•Disruptive attendees
•Disputes about entry @ closed events
•Fights, shootings, & stabbing during & after events
Campus Special Events
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Often associated with large student parties UConn Spring Weekend
A 20-year-old University of Connecticut student died of head injuries from a fight outside a restaurant during Spring Weekend
JMU block party “Some got in fights when other
partiers accidentally bumped into them, she said. People with blood streaming down their faces and arms rushed past her.”
Fights, Stabbings & Shootings
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Duquesne University (September 2006)
5 students shot following an on-campus party
•Villanova University (November 2007)
Shots fired following a dance on campus
•Florida Atlantic University (April 2008)
Shots fired at an on-campus Spring party
Fights, Stabbings & Shootings
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
• Texas Southern (July 2009)
6 shot during on-campus event
• Langston University (August 2009)
3 non-students shot following on-campus party
• Diablo Valley College (March 2010)
Shooting following a Rugby match
Fights, Stabbings & Shootings
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
Potential Lethal Mix
•Students and non-students
•Alcohol and other drugs
•Egos
•Security (Lack of or ill prepared)
Campus Special Events
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Most violent incidents occur in the early morning hours
•Each has a triggering event: argument, fights, anger, vengeance, jealousy, domestic related
•Suspects are consistently male
•Not clear if they all occur at non-school sponsored events, but they all have a link to student access to university space
•Weapon of choice is a firearm
Trends
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
1.Multi-disciplinary approach
2.Event Pre-planning & Coordination
3.Special Event policies
4.Training for security personnel
5.Staffing
10 Essential Areas
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
6.Use of students in event staffing
7.Venue Considerations
8.Off-campus events
9.After-action reviews
10.Use of NIMS & ICS framework
10 Essential Areas
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Adopt a team approach to planning and managing special events
•Likely members are:
Campus public safety
Student affairs
Athletics
Risk managers
Others who “have a functional stake in the event”
Students
1. Multi-disciplinary approach
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Planning is a critical phase of event management
•Meet early and often
•Overall goal is to develop an event plan that addresses all aspects of the event
2. Event Pre-planning & Coordination
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
2. Event Pre-planning & Coordination
•Conduct pre-event orientations
•Conduct pre-event review of assignments
•Training
•Identify/mitigate hazards
•Review schedule of event activities
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
Review •Venue/event diagram •Event specific policies and procedures •Event specific alcohol policies and
procedures •Specific event ticketing and credentialing
policies •Address needs in contracts with talent•Close coordination in & out•External Constituents (local police, public
works, EMS, fire, etc.)
2. Event Pre-planning & Coordination
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Thresholds (types, size, triggers, liability)
•Venues (academic, admin, res hall, multipurpose)
•Alcohol/No-Alcohol
•Guests (private/public)
•Access
•Security (type, staffing, costs)
3. Special Event Policies
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Identified as a significant shortfall
•Lack of specialized crowd management training for campus public safety
•Those involved in the wide range of security duties should have training
•Access control, including credential checking, searching, stewarding, etc.
4. Training for Security Personnel
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Crowd management and control, including ejection, etc.
•Patrolling and/or static positions
•Emergency response
•Traffic control
4. Training for Security Personnel
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
5. Staffing
•Peer security (students or others not considered professionals)
•Contracted security officers or crowd management specialists (also known as event security)
•Police officers in uniform or plain clothes
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
How to staff•Generally, 1/100 for smaller
events & venues
•As venue size increases, strategic staffing becomes the rule
5. Staffing
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
Duties include
• Protection of life and property
• Prevention and detection of crime
• Preventing or stopping breaches of the peace
• Traffic regulation (within the legal powers provided by statute.)
• Activation of a contingency plan
5. Staffing
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
6. Use of Students
• Common for IHEs to use students and they can be used effectively
• Peers can provide a less rigid security profile
• Students must be appropriately trained and knowledgeable of their roles and responsibilities
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
Role
• Security control at entrances and exits
• Fire watch
• Vehicle control
6. Use of Students
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
7. Venue Considerations
Is this venue right sized for the event?
• Key points such as entrances and exits
• Will barriers be used, and if so, where and what type?
• VIP and performer areas
• General thoroughfares
• Strategic observation points to monitor the crowd
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
• Venue selection and limitations
• Pre-event touring, planning and coordination
• Contractual obligations, related policies
• Collaboration with local public safety
• Selection of contract security
8. Off-Campus Events
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
9. After Action Reviews
• Helpful to conduct “hot-wash” for most major events
• Conduct after-action review for events where incident occurs
Who, what, where, how, why?
What will we do differently next time
Use other incidents as tabletop exercises for your planning group
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
10. Use of NIMS/ICS
•Planning Tool
•Functional Management
•Tactical Leadership
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
Event Management Basics•Adjust to crowd demographics
•Anticipate crowd activities and behavior
•Maintain the usability of means of egress
•Make guests aware of their responsibilities
•Observe crowd for potential problems
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
Event Management Basics
•Monitor flow of crowd during duration of event
•Recognize potential crowd crush
•React/report potential crowd problems
•Identify changing crowd behavior and demeanor
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
Event Management BasicsPost event protocols•Danger Zone
Ensure adequate staffing and coverage both inside/outside the event
Ensure crowd completely disperses and maintain presence
•Patrol other gathering spaces on campus
•Coordinate with local police
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
•Student Special Events are Potentially Lethal
•Proper risk assessment & coordination can mitigate potential dangers and liability
Summary
© Margolis Healy & Associates, LLC
Contact Information
Margolis Healy & Associates
www.margolishealy.com
(866) 817-5817
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