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V. LIABILITY FOR ACT OR OMISSIONArt. 2180. The obligation i!o"e# b$ Arti%le 21&' i" #ean#able not onl$ (or one)" o*n a%t" or oi""ion"+ b,t al"o (or tho"e o( !er"on" (or *ho onei" re"!on"ible.The (ather an#+ in %a"e o( hi" #eath or in%a!a%it$+ the other+ are re"!on"ible (or the #aage" %a,"e# b$ the inor %hil#ren *ho li-e in their %o!an$..,ar#ian" are liable (or #aage" %a,"e# b$ the inor" or in%a!a%itate# !er"on" *ho are ,n#er their a,thorit$ an# li-e in their %o!an$.The o*ner" an# anager" o( an e"tabli"hent or enter!ri"e are li/e*i"e re"!on"ible (or #aage" %a,"e# b$ their e!lo$ee" in the "er-i%e o( the bran%he" in *hi%h the latter are e!lo$e# or on the o%%a"iono( their (,n%tion".0!lo$er" "hall be liable (or the #aage" %a,"e# b$ their e!lo$ee" an# ho,"ehol# hel!er" a%ting *ithin the "%o!e o( their a""igne# ta"/"+ e-entho,gh the (orer are not engage# in an$ b,"ine"" or in#,"tr$.The State i" re"!on"ible in li/e anner*hen it a%t" thro,gh a "!e%ial agent1 b,t not *hen the #aage ha" been %a,"e# b$ the o2%ial to *ho the ta"/ #one !ro!erl$ !ertain"+ in *hi%h %a"e *hat i" !ro-i#e# in Arti%le 21&' "hall be a!!li%able.La"tl$+ tea%her" or hea#" o( e"tabli"hent" o( art" an# tra#e" "hallbe liable (or #aage" %a,"e# b$ their !,!il" an# "t,#ent" or a!!renti%e"+ "o long a" the$ reain in their %,"to#$.The re"!on"ibilit$ treate# o( in thi" arti%le "hall %ea"e *hen the !er"on" herein entione# !ro-e that the$ ob"er-e# all the #iligen%e o( a goo# (ather o( a (ail$ to !re-ent #aage. 31405a6a. BY TORTF0ASORb. VICARIO7S LIABILITYb.1 BY 8AR0NTSArt. 221. 8arent" an# other !er"on" e9er%i"ing !arental a,thorit$ "hall be %i-ill$ liable (or the in:,rie" an# #aage" %a,"e# b$ the a%t" or oi""ion"o( their ,nean%i!ate# %hil#renli-ing in their %o!an$ an# ,n#er their !arental a,thorit$ ",b:e%t to the a!!ro!riate #e(en"e" !ro-i#e# b$ la*. 32180326a an# 3;6a 6Re!,bli% A%t No. '804 0 A.0 OF MA?ORITY FROM T=0NTY@ON0 TO 0I.>T00N Y0ARS+ AM0N0 87R8OS0 0A0C7TIV0 OR7N0R 87R8OS0SBe it ena%te# b$ the Senate an#>o,"e o( Re!re"entati-e" o( the8hili!!ine" in Congre"" a""eble#BBSe%tion 1. Arti%le 25; o( 09e%,ti-e Or#er No. 204+ the Fail$ Co#e o( the 8hili!!ine"+ i" hereb$ aen#e# to rea# a" (ollo*"BCArt. 25;. 0an%i!ation ta/e" !la%e b$ the attainent o( a:orit$. 7nle"" other*i"e !ro-i#e#+ a:orit$ %oen%e" at the age o( eighteen $ear".CSe%tion 2. Arti%le" 25D an# 25& o( the "ae Co#e are hereb$ re!eale#.Se%tion 5. Arti%le 25' o( the "ae Co#e i" al"o hereb$ aen#e# to rea# a" (ollo*"BCArt. 25'. 0an%i!ation "hall terinate !arental a,thorit$ o-er the !er"on an# !ro!ert$ o( the %hil# *ho "hall then be E,aliFe# an# re"!on"ible (or all a%t" o( %i-il li(e+ "a-e the e9%e!tion" e"tabli"he# b$ e9i"ting la*" in "!e%ial %a"e".CContra%ting arriage "hall reE,ire !arental %on"ent ,ntil the age o( t*ent$@one.CNothing in thi" Co#e "hall be %on"tr,e# to #erogate (ro the #,t$ or re"!on"ibilit$ o( !arent" an# g,ar#ian" (or %hil#ren an# *ar#" belo* t*ent$@one $ear" o( age entione# in the "e%on# an# thir# !aragra!h" o( Arti%le 2180 o( the Ci-il Co#e.CSe%tion ;. 7!on the eGe%ti-it$ o( thi" A%t+ e9i"ting *ill"+ beE,e"t"+ #onation"+ grant"+ in",ran%e !oli%ie" an# "iilar in"tr,ent" %ontaining re(eren%e" an# !ro-i"ion" (a-orable to inor" *ill not retroa%t to their !re:,#i%e.Se%tion D. Thi" A%t "hall ta/e eGe%t ,!on %o!letion o( it" !,bli%ation in at lea"t t*o 326 ne*"!a!er" o( general %ir%,lation.[G.R. No. 70890. September 18, 1992.]CRESENCIO LIBI * an !"ELI! #!$LIBI, Petitioners, %. &ON.IN'ER"E(I!'E !$$ELL!'E CO)R',*ELI$E GO'IONG an S&IRLE#GO'IONG, Respondents.!+e, #. 'an, -or Petitioners."ar.o (. Ort./ an (an.+o 0. Ort./ -orPrivate Respondents.S#LL!B)S1. CIVIL LAW; QUASI DELICT; LIABILITY OF PARENTS FOR CIVIL LIABILITY ARISING FROM CRIMINAL OFFENSES COMMITTED BY THEIR MINOR CHILDREN; RULE. The pae!"# ae a!$ #h%&'$ (e he'$ p)*a)'+ ')a('e ,% "he -).)' ')a()')"+ a)#)!/ ,%* -)*)!a' %,,e!#e# -%**)""e$ (+ "he) *)!% -h)'$e! &!$e "he) 'e/a' a&"h%)"+ % -%!"%'0 % 1h% ').e )! "he) -%*pa!+0 &!'e##)" )# p%.e! "ha" "he ,%*e a-"e$ 1)"h "he $)')/e!-e %, a /%%$ ,a"he %, a ,a*)'+ "% pe.e!" #&-h $a*a/e#. Tha" p)*a+ ')a()')"+)# pe*)#e$ %! 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